High Fat Mass Index is Associated with Endometrial Hyperplasia in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients: A Retrospective Study.

Aim: To assess body composition, glucolipid metabolism, and uric acid levels in PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) patients to determine their relationship with the risk of endometrial hyperplasia (EH).

Methods: A total of 232 patients were included and divided into groups according to whether they had PCOS and endometrial pathology (Group A: non-PCOS and normal endometrium; Group B: PCOS and normal endometrium; Group C: non-PCOS and EH; Group D: PCOS and EH). Body composition differences between groups and correlations between body composition, glucolipid metabolism, and uric acid levels were analyzed.

Correlation between PDGF-BB and M1-type macrophage in inflammatory bowel disease: a case-control study.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease in which macrophages play an important role in its pathogenesis. Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) secreted by macrophages is involved in the repair of vascular endothelial injury during inflammatory reactions.

Methods: The expression levels of M1 macrophages and PDGF-BB in serum and colonic mucosa of 30 patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and 30 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunohistochemistry.

A novel endoscopic artificial intelligence system to assist in the diagnosis of autoimmune gastritis: a multicenter study.

Background:  Autoimmune gastritis (AIG), distinct from Helicobacter pylori-associated atrophic gastritis (HpAG), is underdiagnosed due to limited awareness. This multicenter study aimed to develop a novel endoscopic artificial intelligence (AI) system for assisting in AIG diagnosis.

Methods:  Patients diagnosed with AIG, HpAG, or nonatrophic gastritis (NAG), were retrospectively enrolled from six centers.

In vitro and in vivo effects of Galectin-3 inhibitor TD139 on inflammation and ERK/JNK/p38 pathway in gestational diabetes mellitus.

This study aims to investigate the effects of the Galectin-3 (Gal-3) inhibitor TD139 on inflammation and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/p38 pathway in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Human placental tissues were treated with TD139 and TNF-α, assessing Gal-3, ERK/JNK/p38 activation, and inflammatory cytokines. GDM was induced in mice via subcutaneous injections of streptozotocin (STZ).

FDG PET/MRI in a Case of Isolated Abdominal Incisional Site Metastasis After Laparoscopic Surgery for Colon Cancer.

Abdominal-wall metastasis following laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer is rare. We describe FDG PET/MRI findings in a case of isolated abdominal incisional site metastasis after laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer. The abdominal-wall metastasis showed slight hyperintensity on T2-weighted fat-suppressed image and intense focal FDG uptake on PET.

Circuit-motivated generalized affine models characterize stimulus-dependent visual cortical shared variability.

Correlated variability in the visual cortex is modulated by stimulus properties. The stimulus dependence of correlated variability impacts stimulus coding and is indicative of circuit structure. An affine model combining a multiplicative factor and an additive offset has been proposed to explain how correlated variability in primary visual cortex (V1) depends on stimulus orientations.

FDG PET/CT in Staging of α-Fetoprotein-Producing Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma of the Pancreas.

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the pancreas is a rare aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. We describe contrast-enhanced CT and FDG PET/CT findings in a case of pancreatic hepatoid adenocarcinoma with significantly elevated α-fetoprotein level presenting as acute pancreatitis. The primary pancreatic tumor diffusely involved the pancreas and showed heterogeneous enhancement mimicking acute necrotizing pancreatitis on contrast-enhanced CT.

Model-Based Sensitivity Analysis of the Temperature in Laser Powder Bed Fusion.

To quantitatively evaluate the effect of the process parameters and the material properties on the temperature in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), this paper proposed a sensitivity analysis of the temperature based on the validated prediction model. First, three different heat source modes-point heat source, Gaussian surface heat source, and Gaussian body heat source-were introduced. Then, a case study of Ti6Al4V is conducted to determine the suitable range of heat source density for the three different heat source models.

Intraureteral Metastasis From Colon Cancer Mimicking Primary Ureteral Carcinoma on FDG PET/CT.

Hematogenous or lymphatic intraureteral metastasis from distant primary cancer is very rare. We present contrast-enhanced CT and FDG PET/CT findings in a case of intraureteral metastasis from colonic adenocarcinoma 3 years after colectomy. The intraureteral showed moderate enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT and increased FDG uptake on PET/CT mimicking a primary ureteral carcinoma.

Characteristics of Different Obesity Metabolic Indexes and their Correlation with Insulin Resistance in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

This study is aimed to investigate the characteristics of different obesity metabolic indexes [body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), cardiometabolic index (CMI), body roundness index (BRI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and lipid aggregation products (LAP)] and their correlation with insulin resistance (IR) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The study was conducted on 140 subjects with PCOS and 133 control subjects aged 18-44 years. According to insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) ≥ 2.

Discovery of Trisubstituted -Phenylpyrazole Containing Diamides with Improved Insecticidal Activity.

To increase the structural diversity of insecticides and meet the needs of effective integrated insect management, the structure of chlorantraniliprole was modified based on a previously established three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) model. The pyridinyl moiety in the structure of chlorantraniliprole was replaced with a 4-fluorophenyl group. Further modifications of this 4-fluorophenyl group by introducing a halogen atom at position 2 and an electron-withdrawing group (e.

FDG PET/CT in a Case of Isolated Gastric Metastasis From Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Hematogenous gastric metastasis from pancreatic cancer is extremely rare. We describe FDG PET/CT findings in a case of isolated hematogenous gastric metastasis from pancreatic cancer with significantly elevated serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level. The gastric metastasis showed intense focal FDG uptake mimicking a primary tumor.

Crosstalk suppression of extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric sensor array based on five-step phase shift demodulation scheme using multiwavelength averaging.

A five-step phase shift demodulation scheme based on a multiwavelength averaging method is proposed to suppress crosstalk within an extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric (EFPI) sensor array. The paper focuses on a two-element sensing system based on the EFPI sensors to investigate the crosstalk in the EFPI sensor array. A detailed theoretical analysis of crosstalk suppression using the proposed demodulation method is presented.

A decadal atmospheric ammonia reanalysis product in China.

Atmospheric ammonia has great environmental implications due to its important role in ecosystem and nitrogen cycle, as well as contribution to formation of secondary particles. China is recognized as a hotspot of NH pollution owing to agricultural and livestock intensification. In the quest to achieve a comprehensive understanding of atmospheric ammonia load and to quantify its environmental impacts in China, relying solely either on existing measurements or on model simulations falls short.

XAF1 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis via VCP-RNF114-JUP axis.

Metastasis is the main cause of colorectal cancer (CRC)-related death, and the 5-year relative survival rate for CRC patients with distant metastasis is only 14%. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP)-associated factor 1 (XAF1) is a zinc-rich protein belonging to the interferon (IFN)-induced gene family. Here, we report a metastasis-promoting role of XAF1 in CRC by acting as a novel adaptor of valosin-containing protein (VCP).

Mechanisms of Heat-Treatment-Induced Cracking in Additively Manufactured IN738 Alloy.

The present study conducts a comprehensive study on heat-treatment-induced cracking of Inconel 738 (IN738) alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectrum (EDS), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The results indicate that the macroscopic crack is dominantly triggered by the strain-age cracking mechanism and propagates along grain boundaries. The initiation of cracking is facilitated by the superimposition of residual stress induced by the LPBF process and contraction stress induced by precipitation, while the reopening of compress pores at grain boundaries weakens the grain boundaries and provides fast channels for cracking.

Synthesis of fungicidal morpholines and isochromenopyridinones acid-catalyzed intramolecular reactions of isoindolinones.

Acid-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization or rearrangement of isoindolinone derivatives is described. 3-Hydroxy/ethoxy-3,4-dihydro-6-[1,4]-oxazino-[3,4-]-isoindol-6-ones are obtained in moderate to good yields. Further acid-catalyzed intramolecular rearrangement reactions give 6-isochromeno-[4,3-]-pyridin-6-ones.

Diadenosine tetraphosphate modulated quorum sensing in bacteria treated with kanamycin.

Background: The dinucleotide alarmone diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A), which is found in cells, has been shown to affect the survival of bacteria under stress.

Results: Here, we labeled Ap4A with biotin and incubated the labeled Ap4A with the total proteins extracted from kanamycin-treated Escherichia coli to identify the Ap4A binding protein in bacteria treated with kanamycin. Liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (LCMS) and bioinformatics were used to identify novel proteins that Ap4A interacts with that are involved in biofilm formation, quorum sensing, and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis pathways.

FDG PET/CT in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Arising From a Heterotopic Pancreas of the Pylorus.

Malignant transformation of heterotopic pancreas is extremely rare. We describe FDG PET/CT findings in a case of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma arising from a heterotopic pancreas in the submucosa of the pylorus with peripyloric lymph node metastasis and elevated serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level. The heterotopic pancreatic adenocarcinoma showed intense FDG uptake, and the peripyloric lymph node metastasis showed mild FDG uptake.

Reservoir computing decoupling memory-nonlinearity trade-off.

Reservoir computing (RC), a variant recurrent neural network, has very compact architecture and ability to efficiently reconstruct nonlinear dynamics by combining both memory capacity and nonlinear transformations. However, in the standard RC framework, there is a trade-off between memory capacity and nonlinear mapping, which limits its ability to handle complex tasks with long-term dependencies. To overcome this limitation, this paper proposes a new RC framework called neural delayed reservoir computing (ND-RC) with a chain structure reservoir that can decouple the memory capacity and nonlinearity, allowing for independent tuning of them, respectively.

Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Gas Detection Technology Research Progress.

Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) can be utilized as an ultrasensitive gas detection method. The basic principles of gas detection using PAS are discussed in this paper. First, the basic instrumentation for a PAS gas detection system is introduced focusing on the photoacoustic cell.