GHSR gene knockout alleviates the liver pathological response in Echinococcus granulosus infection by reducing parasite survival.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, and the immunosuppressive microenvironment exacerbates disease progression. Ghrelin, a peptide hormone, plays a role in modulating immune inflammation and may influence the progression of E. granulosus infection through its receptor, GHSR (growth hormone secretagogue receptor).

Lattice Dynamics and Phonon Dispersion of the van der Waals Layered Ferromagnet FeGaTe.

Despite the tremendous progress in spintronic studies of the van der Waals (vdW) room-temperature ferromagnet FeGaTe, much less effort has been spent on studying its lattice dynamics and possible interaction with spintronic degrees of freedom. In this work, by combining Raman spectroscopy in a wide range of pressures (atmospheric pressure ∼19.5 GPa) and temperature (80-690 K) with first-principles calculations, we systematically studied the lattice dynamics and phonon dispersion of FeGaTe.

Expression of Serum Inflammatory Factors in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Complicated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Relationship with the Formation and Stability of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque.

To explore the stability of carotid plaques and their relationship with biomarkers in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A retrospective analysis was conducted on 160 cases of AIS patients with T2DM. They were divided into plaque group, intima thickening group (CG), and normal intima group (DG).

Scalable method for exploring phylogenetic placement uncertainty with custom visualizations using and .

In metabarcoding research, such as taxon identification, phylogenetic placement plays a critical role. However, many existing phylogenetic placement methods lack comprehensive features for downstream analysis and visualization. Visualization tools often ignore placement uncertainty, making it difficult to explore and interpret placement data effectively.

Corrigendum to 'Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorate intervertebral disc degeneration by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction' [Mater. Today Bio 18 (2023) 100512].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.

Therapeutic role of gut microbiota in lung injury-related cognitive impairment.

Lung injury can lead to specific neurocognitive dysfunction, and the "triple-hit" phenomenon may be the key theoretical mechanism for the progressive impairment of lung injury-related cognitive impairment. The lung and brain can communicate biologically through immune regulation pathway, hypoxic pathway, neural circuit, mitochondrial dysfunction, and microbial influence, which is called the "lung-brain axis." The gut microbiota is a highly complex community of microorganisms that reside in the gut and communicate with the lung via the "gut-lung axis.

Influences of lead-based perovskite nanoparticles exposure on early development of human retina.

Background: Lead-based perovskite nanoparticles (Pb-PNPs) are widely utilized in the photovoltaic industry. However, due to their poor stability and high water solubility, lead often gets released into the environment, which can negatively impact the development of the central nervous system (CNS). As an extension of the CNS, the effects and mechanisms of Pb-PNPs on human retinal development have remained elusive.

Advances and prospects on production of lactulose and epilactose by cellobiose 2-epimerases: A review.

Lactulose and epilactose are nondigestible disaccharides with a wide range of applications in clinical medicine, nutrition, and the food industry due to their health-benefiting properties. Their chemical synthesis typically involves stringent catalytic conditions and intricate reaction procedures, resulting in elevated production costs and challenges in product separation. Cellobiose 2-epimerases (CEs) facilitate the isomerization and epimerization of lactose to produce lactulose and epilactose directly, without the need for co-substrates.

Association between road traffic noise exposure and heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between road traffic noise exposure and heart failure.

Study Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted.

Methods: We systematically searched eight databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database) through July 2024 to identify cohort studies on road traffic noise exposure and heart failure according to a priori inclusion criteria.

The possible effects of chili peppers on ADHD in relation to the gut microbiota.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder, which is characterized by inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of ADHD are not fully understood, existing studies have shown that it may be related to genetic factors, environmental factors, abnormal brain development, and psychosocial factors. In recent years, with the concept of microbioa-gut-brain axis (MGBA), more and more studies have begun to pay attention to the effect of gut microbiota on ADHD.

DNA methylation in the association between pesticide exposures and type 2 diabetes.

Background: Numerous epidemiological studies have found that pesticide exposure is associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. DNA methylation may play a role in this process.

Aim: To identify the genes associated with pesticide exposure and T2D by reviewing the current literature.

Emerging Nitrogen and Sulfur Co-doped Carbon Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion.

The growing global energy demands, coupled with the imperative for sustainable environmental challenges, have sparked significant interest in electrochemical energy storage and conversion (EESC) technologies. Metal-free heteroatom-doped carbon materials, especially those codoped with nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S), have gained prominence due to their exceptional conductivity, large specific surface area, remarkable chemical stability, and enhanced electrochemical performance. The strategic incorporation of N and S atoms into the carbon framework plays a pivotal role in modulating electron distribution and creating catalytically active sites, thereby significantly enhancing the EESC performance.

Characterization of a phage endolysin LysLFP01 and its antibacterial activity.

Lyase, a peptidoglycan hydrolase derived from phage, has been considered as a promising alternative antimicrobial agent. To date, adequate information regarding the characteristics of the Lactobacillus phage lyase is lacking. In this study, a lyase from Lactobacillus phage LFP01 was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli (E.

Applications of periodate activation for emerging contaminants treatment in water: Activation methods, reaction parameters and mechanism.

Emerging contaminants pose a serious hazard to the water environment and human health due to their difficult degradation. In recent years, periodate-based oxidation processes have aroused tremendous attention in environment remediation due to their high oxidative potential for the degradation of contaminants and fair stability in the water. Periodate activation methods (i.

Yunweiling alleviates functional constipation: integrating network pharmacology and experimental study.

Background: This study investigated the impacts and mechanisms of yunweiling in the management of Functional Constipation (FC) using network pharmacology and experimental research.

Methods: Using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), Genecard, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) databases, a potential gene target for yunweiling in treating FC was found. A pharmacological network was built and viewed in Cytoscape.

Environment-wide association study of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2018.

Environmental toxicants are increasingly suspected to influence cardiovascular (CV) and all-cause mortality, but previous studies mostly focused on one or a few chemicals. We examined the associations of a wide array of environmental chemicals with CV and all-cause mortality using an exposome-wide approach and the potential mediating role of inflammation in these associations. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2018) were randomly 60:40 split into a training set and a test set.

Effects of variable mating opportunity, delay, and male mating experience on the lifespan, female reproductive traits, and offspring traits of Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae).

The balance between mating benefits and costs shapes reproductive strategies and life history traits across animal species. For biological control programs, understanding how mating rates influence life history traits is essential for optimising population management and enhancing predator efficacy. This study investigates the impact of mating opportunity availability, delayed mating, and male mating history (copulation frequency) on the lifespan (both sexes), female reproductive traits (duration of oviposition and of pre- and post-oviposition periods, and lifetime oviposition), and offspring quality (egg size and offspring survival) of the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae), an important biological control agent against spider mites.

Family Function and Self-Management of Patients With Early Chronic Kidney Disease: The Mediating Roles of Self-Perceived Burden and Ego Depletion.

Background: Effective self-management in the early stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is key to delaying disease progression. However, no studies have confirmed that the combined support of internal individual factors and external family environmental factors may play an important role in the self-management of patients with early CKD.

Purpose: This current study aims to explore the effect of family function on the self-management of patients with early CKD and examine the mediating roles of self-perceived burden and ego depletion.

Proteomics and transcriptomics combined reveal specific immunological markers in autoimmune thyroid disease.

Objective: The pathogenesis of AITD remains unclear to date. This study employs a combination of proteomics and transcriptomics analysis to identify and validate specific immune response markers in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, thereby providing a scientific basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of AITD.

Methods: By collecting serum and whole blood tissue samples from patients with hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and healthy controls, this study utilizes a combination of transcriptomics and proteomics to analyze changes in immune-related signaling molecules in patients.

Probing Impact of Support Pore Diameter on Three-phase Interfaces of Pt/C Catalysts by Molecular Dynamic Simulation.

Investigating how the size of carbon support pores influences the three-phase interface of platinum (Pt) particles in fuel cells is essential for enhancing catalyst utilization. This study employed molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculation to examine the effects of mesoporous carbon support size, specifically its pore diameter, on Nafion ionomer distribution, as well as on proton and gas/liquid transport channels, and the utilization of Pt active sites. The findings show that when Pt particles are located within the pores of carbon support (Pt/PC), there is a significant enhancement in the spatial distribution of Nafion ionomer, along with a reduction in encapsulation around the Pt particles, compared to when Pt particles are positioned on the surface or in excessively large pores of the carbon support.

A NiP/NiMoO nanocone electrocatalyst for efficient hydrogen evolution: tip-enhanced local electric field effect.

The sluggish kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) result in a high overpotential in alkaline solutions. A high-curvature metal oxide heterostructure can effectively boost the electrocatalytic HER by leveraging the tip-enhanced local electric field effect. Herein, NiP/NiMoO nanocones were synthesised on a nickel foam (NF) substrate by etching a metal-organic framework template.