Bone marrow transplantation reverses metabolic alterations in multiple sulfatase deficiency: a case series.

Background: Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) is an exceptionally rare neurodegenerative disorder due to the absence or deficiency of 17 known cellular sulfatases. The activation of all these cellular sulfatases is dependent on the presence of the formylglycine-generating enzyme, which is encoded by the SUMF1 gene. Disease-causing homozygous or compound heterozygous variants in SUMF1 result in MSD.

Extracellular electron transfer-dependent bioremediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater: Advancements and challenges.

Efficient and sustainable remediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater is critical for groundwater safety and the sustainable development of nuclear energy, particularly in the context of global carbon neutrality goals. This review explores the potential of microbial reduction processes that utilize extracellular electron transfer (EET) to convert soluble uranium (U(VI)) into its insoluble form (U(IV)), presenting a promising approach to groundwater remediation. The review first outlines the key processes and factors influencing the effectiveness of dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria (DMRB), such as Geobacter and Shewanella, during uranium bioremediation and recovery.

Soluble carbon source recovery using preconditioning coagulants for applicable short-term fermentation of waste activated sludge in WWTPs.

A huge production of waste activated sludge (WAS) has been a burden for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with high disposal cost and little benefit back to wastewater purification. The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by a short-term acidogenic fermentation of WAS before methane production have been proven to be a high-quality carbon source available for microbial denitrification process. The dual purpose of full recovery of fermentation liquid products and facilitating disposal of residual solid waste necessitate an efficient solid-liquid separation process of short-term fermentation liquid.

Volatile fatty acids bio-production using extracellular polymeric substances disengaged from sludge for carbon source recycling.

Excessive waste-activated sludge (WAS) and insufficient carbon source (CS) for biological nitrogen removal (BNR) often coexist in municipal sewage treatment. Although the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from WAS has been recognized as a promising solution, the development is limited by low VFAs production efficiency and dewatering deterioration of sludge. This study extracted the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from sludge by low-temperature thermal-hydrolysis (LTH) and high-speed hydro-cyclone (HSHC) pretreatment and recovered it for high-quality VFAs bio-production in thermophilic fermentation.

An Information-Theoretic Bound on -Values for Detecting Communities Shared between Weighted Labeled Graphs.

Extraction of subsets of highly connected nodes ("communities" or modules) is a standard step in the analysis of complex social and biological networks. We here consider the problem of finding a relatively small set of nodes in two labeled weighted graphs that is highly connected in both. While many scoring functions and algorithms tackle the problem, the typically high computational cost of permutation testing required to establish the -value for the observed pattern presents a major practical obstacle.

Effects of alkaline biochar on nitrogen transformation with fertilizer in agricultural soil.

The loss and negative impacts of nitrogen from fertilized soils remain a global challenge in agricultural field. Ammonium nitrogen (NH-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO-N) leaching, together with volatile ammonia loss are the main pathways of nitrogen loss. To improve nitrogen availability, alkaline biochar with improved adsorption capacities is a promising soil amendment.

Direct wavefront sensing with a plenoptic sensor based on deep learning.

Traditional plenoptic wavefront sensors (PWS) suffer from the obvious step change of the slope response which leads to the poor performance of phase retrieval. In this paper, a neural network model combining the transformer architecture with the U-Net model is utilized to restore wavefront directly from the plenoptic image of PWS. The simulation results show that the averaged root mean square error (RMSE) of residual wavefront is less than 1/14λ (Marechal criterion), proving the proposed method successfully breaks through the non-linear problem existed in PWS wavefront sensing.

Deep learning assisted plenoptic wavefront sensor for direct wavefront detection.

Traditional plenoptic wavefront sensors (PWFS) suffer from the obvious step change of the slope response, leading to poor wavefront detection performance. In order to solve this problem, in this paper, a deep learning model is proposed to restore phase maps directly from slope measurements of PWFS. Numerical simulations are employed to demonstrate our approach, and the statistical residual wavefront root mean square error (RMSE) of our method is 0.

Study of natural attenuation after acid in situ leaching of uranium mines using isotope fractionation and geochemical data.

Acid in situ leaching (AISL) is a subsurface mining approach suitable for low-grade ores which does not generate tailings, and has been adopted widely in uranium mining. However, this technique causes an extremely high concentration of contaminants at post-mining sites and in the surroundings soon after the mining ceases. As a potential AISL remediation strategy, natural attenuation has not been studied in detail.

A tartrate-EDTA-Fe complex mediates electron transfer and enhances ammonia recovery in a bioelectrochemical-stripping system.

Traditional bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) coupled with stripping units for ammonia recovery suffer from an insufficient supply of electron acceptors due to the low solubility of oxygen. In this study, we proposed a novel strategy to efficiently transport the oxidizing equivalent provided at the stripping unit to the cathode by introducing a highly soluble electron mediator (EM) into the catholyte. To validate this strategy, we developed a new kind of iron complex system (tartrate-EDTA-Fe) as the EM.

Untargeted Metabolomics of Slc13a5 Deficiency Reveal Critical Liver-Brain Axis for Lipid Homeostasis.

Though biallelic variants in are known to cause severe encephalopathy, the mechanism of this disease is poorly understood. SLC13A5 protein deficiency reduces citrate transport into the cell. Downstream abnormalities in fatty acid synthesis and energy generation have been described, though biochemical signs of these perturbations are inconsistent across SLC13A5 deficiency patients.

Integrated constructed wetland and bioelectrochemistry system approach for simultaneous enhancment of p-chloronitrobenzene and nitrogen transformations performance.

Constructed wetlands (CWs) integrated with the bioelectrochemical system (BES-CW) to stimulate bio-refractory compounds removal holds particular promise, owing to its inherent greater scale and well-recognized environmentally benign wastewater advanced purification technology. However, the knowledge regarding the feasibility and removal mechanisms, particularly the potential negative effects of biorefractory compounds on nitrogen removal performance for the CWs is far insufficient. This study performed a critical assessment by using BES-CW (ECW) and conventional CW (CW) to investigate the effects of p-Chloronitrobenzene (pCNB) on nitrogen transformations in CWs.

Correction: CTD: An information-theoretic algorithm to interpret sets of metabolomic and transcriptomic perturbations in the context of graphical models.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.

Effective Aspirin Treatment of Women at Risk for Preeclampsia Delays the Metabolic Clock of Gestation.

[Figure: see text].

CTD: An information-theoretic algorithm to interpret sets of metabolomic and transcriptomic perturbations in the context of graphical models.

We consider the following general family of algorithmic problems that arises in transcriptomics, metabolomics and other fields: given a weighted graph G and a subset of its nodes S, find subsets of S that show significant connectedness within G. A specific solution to this problem may be defined by devising a scoring function, the Maximum Clique problem being a classic example, where S includes all nodes in G and where the score is defined by the size of the largest subset of S fully connected within G. Major practical obstacles for the plethora of algorithms addressing this type of problem include computational efficiency and, particularly for more complex scores which take edge weights into account, the computational cost of permutation testing, a statistical procedure required to obtain a bound on the p-value for a connectedness score.

IS26-mediated amplification of blaOXA-1 and blaCTX-M-15 with concurrent outer membrane porin disruption associated with de novo carbapenem resistance in a recurrent bacteraemia cohort.

Background: Approximately half of clinical carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) isolates lack carbapenem-hydrolysing enzymes and develop carbapenem resistance through alternative mechanisms.

Objectives: To elucidate development of carbapenem resistance mechanisms from clonal, recurrent ESBL-positive Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) bacteraemia isolates in a vulnerable patient population.

Methods: This study investigated a cohort of ESBL-E bacteraemia cases in Houston, TX, USA.

Bimorph deformable mirror-based adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope for the clinical design and performance.

We developed a clinical ophthalmic prototype by combining bimorph deformable mirror (DM)-based adaptive optics (AO) with a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope. A low-cost bimorph DM with a large stroke of and an aperture of 20 mm was utilized to realize a strategy for successive AO control of aberration correction, which permitted open-loop compensation for low-order aberrations and closed-loop correction of high-order aberrations to acceptable root mean square errors of in all subjects. Spherical mirrors were folded in a nonplanar configuration to minimize off-axis aberrations and provide a compact, cost-effective design, which achieved a diffraction-limited performance capable of imaging individual photoreceptor cells and blood vessels not only in healthy subjects but also in patients suffering from retinitis pigmentosa.

Reinjection oilfield wastewater treatment using bioelectrochemical system and consequent corrosive community evolution on pipe material.

The corrosive issues are comprehensively caused in oilfield rejection system, in which sulfide is one of (bio-)chemical factors leading to high corrosive rate and blocking problem. Generally, aerobic treatment is a well-established and cost-effective unit for sulfide removal before oilfield wastewater reinjection. However, the residual dissolved oxygen (DO), which causes chemical, biological and electrochemical corrosion to water injection pipeline equipment, is still high after multi-stage filtration of DO removal.

Polynomial transformation model for frame-to-frame registration in an adaptive optics confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope.

The adaptive optics (AO) technique has been integrated in confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) to obtain near diffraction-limited high-resolution retinal images. However, the quality of AOSLO images is decreased by various sources of noise and fixational eye movements. To improve image quality and remove distortions in AOSLO images, the multi-frame averaging method is usually utilized, which relies on an accurate image registration.

Hypervirulent group A Streptococcus emergence in an acaspular background is associated with marked remodeling of the bacterial cell surface.

Inactivating mutations in the control of virulence two-component regulatory system (covRS) often account for the hypervirulent phenotype in severe, invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) infections. As CovR represses production of the anti-phagocytic hyaluronic acid capsule, high level capsule production is generally considered critical to the hypervirulent phenotype induced by CovRS inactivation. There have recently been large outbreaks of GAS strains lacking capsule, but there are currently no data on the virulence of covRS-mutated, acapsular strains in vivo.