Absence of causal relationship between Parkinson's disease and subsequent prostate cancer: evidence from meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization studies.

Background: Numerous observational studies have investigated the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) in patients diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease (PD). However, the existence of a definitive association remains uncertain.

Methods: Systematic searches were performed on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar for studies published up to October 1, 2023.