Variables associated with cognitive function: an exposome-wide and mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Evidence indicates that cognitive function is influenced by potential environmental factors. We aimed to determine the variables influencing cognitive function.

Methods: Our study included 164,463 non-demented adults (89,644 [54.

Dietary Components and Nutritional Strategies for Dementia Prevention in the Elderly.

Background: For decades, evidence from observational studies and randomized controlled trials has converged to suggest associations of dietary components, foods, and dietary patterns with dementia. With population aging and a projected exponential expansion of people living with dementia, formulating nutritional strategies for dementia prevention has become a research hotspot.

Objective: This review aimed to summarize available data on the roles of specific dietary components, food groups, and dietary patterns in dementia prevention among the elderly.

Heart fatty acid-binding protein is associated with phosphorylated tau and longitudinal cognitive changes.

Background: Perturbation of lipid metabolism is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Heart fatty acid-binding protein (HFABP) is an adipokine playing an important role in lipid metabolism regulation.

Materials And Methods: Two datasets separately enrolled 303 and 197 participants.

A Multi-Dimensional Comparison of Alzheimer's Disease Neurodegenerative Biomarkers.

Background: In the 2018 AT(N) framework, neurodegenerative (N) biomarkers plays an essential role in the research and staging of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the different choice of N may result in discordances.

Objective: We aimed to compare different potential N biomarkers.

Methods: We examined these N biomarkers among 1,238 participants from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) in their 1) diagnostic utility, 2) cross-sectional and longitudinal correlations between different N biomarkers and clinical variables, and 3) the conversion risk of different N profiles.

Efficacy and Safety of Probiotics for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are two of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered a prodromal stage of clinical AD. Animal studies have shown that probiotics can improve cognitive function and mitigate inflammatory response, however, results from randomized controlled trials in humans are still unclear.

Objectives: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of probiotic therapy on cognitive function, oxidative stress, and gastrointestinal function in patients with AD, MCI, and PD.

Anaemia and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer's pathology in cognitively normal elders: the CABLE study.

Background: Anaemia has been reported to be associated with cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the associations between anaemia and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers are still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the associations between anaemia and CSF AD biomarkers.

Methods: Participants were included from the Chinese Alzheimer's Biomarker and LifestylE (CABLE) study.

A gene-environment interplay between omega-3 supplementation and APOE ε4 provides insights for Alzheimer's disease precise prevention amongst high-genetic-risk population.

Background And Purpose: The present study aimed to explore whether and how omega-3 (ω-3) supplementation could interact with genetic factors to modulate cognitive functions, amyloid pathologies, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk.

Methods: A total of 1,670 non-demented participants (mean age 73 years, 47% females, 41% APOE ε4 carriers) were followed up for 10 years. Hierarchical regressions, linear mixed-effects models, and Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the interaction effects of ω-3 supplementation with APOE ε4 and polygenic hazard scores, after adjusting for age, gender, education, cognitive diagnosis, insomnia, depression, anxiety, and cardiovascular risk score.

Associations of Alcohol Consumption with Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease Pathology in Cognitively Intact Older Adults: The CABLE Study.

Background: The relationship between alcohol consumption and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is unclear. Amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been proven valuable in establishing prognosis in pre-clinical AD.

Objective: We sought to examine the associations between alcohol consumption and CSF AD biomarkers in cognitive intact subjects.

Insomnia Moderates the Relationship Between Amyloid-β and Cognitive Decline in Late-Life Adults without Dementia.

Background: It is suggested that not all individuals with elevated Aβ will develop dementia or cognitive impairment. Environment or lifestyle might modulate the association of amyloid pathology with cognition. Insomnia is a risk factor of cognitive disorders including Alzheimer's disease.

The Proportion of APOE4 Carriers Among Non-Demented Individuals: A Pooled Analysis of 389,000 Community-Dwellers.

Background: The apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Its carriage percentage in non-demented population varies across geographic regions and ethnic groups.

Objective: To estimate the proportion of APOE4 (2/4, 3/4, or 4/4) carriers in non-demented community-dwellers.

Neuroinflammation modulates the association of PGRN with cerebral amyloid-β burden.

Progranulin (PGRN) and neuroinflammatory markers increased over the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aimed to determine whether neuroinflammation could modulate the association of PGRN with amyloid pathologies. Baseline cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) PGRN and AD pathologies were measured for 965 participants, among whom 228 had measurements of CSF neuroinflammatory markers.

Metabolically healthy obesity and lipids may be protective factors for pathological changes of alzheimer's disease in cognitively normal adults.

The associations between obesity and Alzheimer's disease (AD) at different ages have been debated. Recent evidence implied the protective effects of metabolically healthy obesity on AD. We hypothesized that obesity and lipids could mitigate the detrimental impacts of AD pathological changes among metabolically healthy individuals in late life.

Association of Alzheimer's disease risk variants on the gene with PICALM expression, core biomarkers, and feature neurodegeneration.

It is still unclear how mutations influence the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We tested the association of AD risk variants on the gene with PICALM expression and AD feature endophenotypes. Bioinformatic methods were used to annotate the functionalities and to select the tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Associations of Green Tea Consumption and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease Pathology in Cognitively Intact Older Adults: The CABLE Study.

Background: Green tea has been widely recognized in ameliorating cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially the progression of cognitive dysfunction. But the underlying mechanism is still unclear.

Objective: This study was designed to determine the role of green tea consumption in the association with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of AD pathology and to ascertain whether specific population backgrounds showed the differences toward these relationships.

Plasma sex hormone-binding globulin predicts neurodegeneration and clinical progression in prodromal Alzheimer's disease.

It was unclear whether sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) was a circulating biomarker of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We tested the cross-sectional relationships between plasma SHBG and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers in 707 non-demented adults. Next, the influences of plasma SHBG on dynamic changes of CSF Aβ42, hippocampus volume, brain metabolism, and cognition were explored in 448 non-demented adults from the Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).

Predictors of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Introduction: Cognitive impairment is a debilitating manifestation in Parkinson's disease (PD). We sought to investigate predictors of PD-CI (PD with cognitive impairment).

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed and Cochrane Library for prospective cohort studies and pooled estimates via random-effects models.

Association of peripheral neutrophil count with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.

Background: Inflammation plays an important role in atherosclerosis but the contribution of neutrophils to this process is unclear. We sought to assess whether neutrophil count is associated with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS).

Methods: A total of 2847 individuals were included in our study, including 1363 with acute ischemic stroke and 1484 normal controls without stroke.

Genome-wide association study of cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light levels in non-demented elders.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light (NFL) is a general biomarker for axonal damage.

Methods: This genome-wide association study (GWAS) consisted of 169 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects and 94 cognitively normal (CN) subjects from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort. Analyses of associations between CSF NFL and genetic polymorphisms were performed using an additive genetic model.

Modifiable risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Background: Carotid atherosclerosis is a major cause of stroke, but the conclusion about risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis is still controversial. The aim of our present meta-analysis and systematic review was to explore the modifiable risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis.

Methods: We searched PubMed from January 1962 to October 2018 to include longitudinal and cross-sectional studies.

Midlife Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 34 Prospective Cohort Studies.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the association between midlife risk factors and dementia.

Methods: PubMed and Cochrane library were systematically searched on May 24, 2018, to retrieve prospective cohort studies. The summary Relative Risk (RR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were calculated by the random-effect model to explore the association between midlife risk factors and dementia.

The Prevalence of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Dementia is a severe neurodegenerative disorder and it can be categorized into several subtypes by different pathogenic causes. We sought to comprehensively analyzed the prevalence of dementia from perspectives of geographic region (Asia, Africa, South America, and Europe/North America), age, and gender. We searched PubMed and EMBASE for relevant articles on dementia published from January 1985 to August 2019.

Sleep problems and risk of all-cause cognitive decline or dementia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To conduct an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of association between sleep and all-cause cognitive disorders.

Methods: PubMed and EMBASE were searched from inception to 18 February 2019. Cohort studies exploring longitudinal associations of sleep with cognitive decline or dementia were included.

Associations of White Matter Hyperintensities with Cognitive Decline: A Longitudinal Study.

White matter hyperintensities (WMHs), mainly caused by cerebrovascular injury, may lead to cognitive impairment. In order to identify whether the volume of WMHs is associated with cognitive decline over years, this longitudinal study involved 818 individuals from the ADNI-2 dataset from August 2010 to May 2017. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of WMHs with 8 cognitive domains were explored, using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes (CDRSB), Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive (ADAS-Cog13), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Functional Assessment Questionnaire (FAQ), executive function (ADNI-EF), and memory function (ADNI-Mem).