Sarcopenia and Cardiovascular Diseases in Individuals With Diabetes or Prediabetes.

Sarcopenia is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals with diabetes or prediabetes, but the impact of changes in sarcopenia status on CVD risk remains unclear. This study aimed to examine how changes in sarcopenia status between baseline and the second follow-up survey, conducted 2 years later, influence the risk of developing incident CVD. Incident CVD was identified based on self-reported physician diagnoses of heart disease, such as angina, myocardial infarction, heart failure, or stroke.

Comparison of Self-repair Disparities in Articular Cartilage Defect Models With Various Load-bearing Sites.

This study aimed to explore the construction of experimental animal models replicating cartilage defects across diverse load-bearing sites, compare self-repair conditions, and examine the role of mechanical stimulation in cartilage self-repair. Experimental animal models were established in rabbits to simulate full-thickness cartilage defects without penetrating the subchondral bone, at various load-bearing sites, including the posterior femoral condyle, anterior femoral condyle and femoral trochlear of knee joint, and the humerus of the shoulder joint. The successful exposure and construction of cartilage defects at the anterior femoral condyle, femoral trochlear, and posterior femoral condyle through the medial extension of surgical incision.

Vitamin D inhibits bone loss in mice with thyrotoxicosis by activating the OPG/RANKL and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.

Objective: Vitamin D and thyroid hormones have crucial roles in bone metabolism. This study aims to explore the effects of vitamin D on bone metabolism in mice with thyrotoxicosis and its mechanisms.

Methods: 12-week-old mice were randomly divided into 6 groups (6 mice/group), the control (CON) group, vitamin D (VD) group, low-dose LT4 (Low LT4) group, low-dose LT4+VD (Low LT4+VD) group, high-dose LT4 (High LT4) group, high-dose LT4+VD (High LT4+VD) group, LT4 was provided every day and vitamin D3 every other day for 12 weeks.

Pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne syndrome in a Chinese family: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne (PAPA) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by severe autoimmune inflammation, caused by mutations in the gene. Due to PAPA heterogeneous clinical manifestation, misdiagnosis or delayed diagnoses are difficult to avoid. With the use of whole-exome sequencing, we identified a missense mutation in the gene in a Chinese family.

Bone delivers its energy information to fat and islets through osteocalcin.

Bone has emerged as a novel endocrine organ for its ability to produce hormones and involvement in several regulatory feedback loops. Osteocalcin (OCN) is released into bloodstream during bone resorption and has been demonstrated to exert endocrine regulation on islets, fat and male testis to form feedback loops. We hypothesize that bone delivers its energy metabolism signals to related energy-regulating organs through OCN based on the following evidence: First, OCN has close interactions with islets and fat, and it shows ability to stimulate islets and fat to secret insulin and adiponectin, respectively.