Screening, identification and evaluation of an acidophilic strain of B4-7 for the biocontrol of tobacco bacterial wilt.

Tobacco ( L.) bacterial wilt, caused by , is indeed a highly destructive plant disease, leading to substantial damage in tobacco production. While biological control is considered an effective measure for managing bacterial wilt, related research in this area has been relatively limited compared to other control methods.

Theoretical studies on the structures, material properties, and IR spectra of polymorphs of 3,4-bis(1H-5-tetrazolyl)furoxan.

Theoretical studies on the structures, densities, and heats of formation of conformational isomers of 3,4-bis(1H-5-tetrazolyl)furoxan (HBTF) were performed based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Two stable planar conformational isomers, the face-to-back and the back-to-face conformers, and one stable slightly twisted conformer, the back-to-back conformer, were predicted for HBTF at the M06-2X/6-311 + G(d,p) level of theory. The face-to-back conformer was calculated to be the most stable conformational isomer on the potential energy surface.

Reactivity of an amidinato silylene and germylene toward germanium(ii), tin(ii) and lead(ii) halides.

The coordination chemistry of an amidinato silylene and germylene toward group 14 element(ii) halides is described. The reaction of the amidinato silicon(ii) amide [LSiN(SiMe)] (1, L = PhC(NtBu)) with SnCl and PbBr afforded the amidinato silylene-dichlorostannylene and -dibromoplumbylene adducts [L{(MeSi)N}SiEX] (E = Sn, X = Cl (2); E = Pb, X = Br (3)), respectively, in which there is a lone pair of electrons on the Sn(ii) and Pb(ii) atoms. X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy and theoretical studies show conclusively that the Si(ii)-E(ii) bonds are donor-acceptor interactions.

Delocalized Hypervalent Silyl Radical Supported by Amidinate and Imino Substituents.

The reaction of the amidinato silylsilylene with a functionalized diaminochlorosilyl substituent, [LSiSi(Cl){(NtBu)C(H)Ph}] (1; L = PhC(NtBu)), with ArN═C═NAr (Ar = 2,6-iPrCH) in toluene afforded the delocalized hypervalent silyl radical [LSi(μ-CNAr)Si{(NtBu)C(H)Ph}] (2). It possesses a hypervalent silyl radical that delocalizes throughout the SiC ring.

Transumbilical Single-Site Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Inversion and Ligation in Girls.

Objectives: The combination of transumbilical single-site laparoscopic inguinal hernia inversion and ligation is a new approach for girls. We have done 13 cases in our hospital since May 2013.

Materials And Methods: Thirteen girls with inguinal hernia, from 6 months to 10 years of age, were treated with transumbilical single-site laparoscopy.

Group II metal complexes of the germylidendiide dianion radical and germylidenide anion.

The two-electron reduction of a Group 14-element(I) complex [RË⋅] (E=Ge, R=supporting ligand) to form a novel low-valent dianion radical with the composition [RË:]˙(2-) is reported. The reaction of [LGeCl] (1, L=2,6-(CH=NAr)2C6H3, Ar=2,6-iPr2C6H3) with excess calcium in THF at room temperature afforded the germylidenediide dianion radical complex [LGe]˙(2-)⋅Ca(THF)3(2+) (2). The reaction proceeds through the formation of the germanium(I) radical [LGe⋅], which then undergoes a two-electron reduction with calcium to form 2.

An extensive n, π, σ-electron delocalized Si(4) ring.

The tetrasilacyclobutadiene [LSi(μ-SiL')2 SiL] (L=PhC(NtBu)2 , L'=2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 NSiMe3 ) consists of an aromatic silicon-containing four-membered ring in which two π, two σ, and two lone-pair electrons are cyclically delocalized. The electron delocalization was illustrated by theoretical studies and reactivity with elemental sulfur to form the allylic zwitterionic cyclic compound [(LSi)2 (μ-SiL')(μ-Si(S)L')] with 2π-electron delocalization along the Si3 skeleton.

Zwitterionic base-stabilized digermadistannacyclobutadiene and tetragermacyclobutadiene.

The syntheses of a zwitterionic base-stabilized digermadistannacyclobutadiene and tetragermacyclobutadiene supported by amidinates and low-valent germanium amidinate substituents are described. The reaction of the amidinate Ge(I) dimer, [LGe:]2 (1, L=PhC(NtBu)2 ), with two equivalents of the amidinate tin(II) chloride, [LSnCl] (2), and KC8 in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at room temperature afforded a mixture of the zwitterionic base-stabilized digermadistannacyclobutadiene, [L2 Ge2 Sn2 L'2 ] (3; L'=LGe:), and the bis(amidinate) tin(II) compound, [L2 Sn:] (4). Compound 3 can also be prepared by the reaction of 1 with [L(Ar) SnCl] (5, L(Ar) =tBuC(NAr)2 , Ar=2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 ) in THF at room temperature.

A silyliumylidene cation stabilized by an amidinate ligand and 4-dimethylaminopyridine.

The synthesis and reactivity of a silyliumylidene cation stabilized by an amidinate ligand and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) are described. The reaction of the amidinate silicon(I) dimer [LSi:]2 (1; L = PhC(NtBu)2) with one equivalent of N-trimethylsilyl-4-dimethylaminopyridinium triflate [4-NMe2C5H4NSiMe3]OTf and two equivalents of DMAP in THF afforded [LSi(DMAP)]OTf (2). The ambiphilic character of 2 is demonstrated from its reactivity.

Reactivity of a tin(II) (iminophosphinoyl)(thiophosphinoyl)methanediide complex toward sulfur: synthesis and 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopic studies of [{(μ-S)SnC(PPh2═NSiMe3)(PPh2═S)}3Sn(μ3-S)].

Reaction of [(PPh(2)═NSiMe(3))(PPh(2)═S)CSn:](2) (1) with elemental sulfur in toluene afforded [{(μ-S)Sn(IV)C(PPh(2)═NSiMe(3))(PPh(2)═S)}(3)Sn(II)(μ(3)-S)] (2) and [CH(2)(PPh(2)═NSiMe(3))(PPh(2)═S)] (3). Compound 2 comprises a Sn(II)S moiety coordinated with the Sn(IV) and S atoms of a trimeric 2-stannathiomethendiide {(PPh(2)═NSiMe(3))(PPh(2)═S)CSn(μ-S)}(3). Compound 2 has been characterized by NMR spectroscopy, (119)Sn Mössbauer studies, X-ray crystallography, and theoretical studies.

Synthesis and characterization of a singlet delocalized 2,4-diimino-1,3-disilacyclobutanediyl and a silylenylsilaimine.

The synthesis and characterization of a singlet delocalized 2,4-diimino-1,3-disilacyclobutanediyl, [LSi(μ-CNAr)(2)SiL] (2, L: PhC(NtBu)(2), Ar: 2,6-iPr(2) C(6) H(3)), and a silylenylsilaimine, [LSi(=NAr)-SiL] (3), are described. The reaction of three equivalents of the disilylene [LSi-SiL] (1) with two equivalents of ArN=C=NAr in toluene at room temperature for 12 h afforded [LSi(μ-CNAr)(2)SiL] (2) and [LSi(=NAr)-SiL] (3) in a ratio of 1:2. Compounds 2 and 3 have been characterized by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography.

An amidinate-stabilized germatrisilacyclobutadiene ylide.

The synthesis and characterization of new amidinate-stabilized germatrisilacyclobutadiene ylides [L(3)Si(3)GeL'] (L=PhC(NtBu)(2); L'=ËL; Ë=Ge (3), Si (7)) are described. Compound 3 was prepared by the reaction of [LSi-SiL] (1) with one equivalent of [LGe-GeL] (2) in THF. Compound 7 was synthesized by the reaction of 2 with excess 1 in THF.

Synthesis and characterization of an amidinate-stabilized cis-1,2-disilylenylethene [cis-LSi{C(Ph)=C(H)}SiL] and a singlet delocalized biradicaloid [LSi(μ(2)-C(2)Ph(2))(2)SiL].

The synthesis and characterization of novel cis-1,2-disilylenylethene [cis-LSi{C(Ph)=C(H)}SiL] (2; L=PhC(NtBu)(2)) and a singlet delocalized biradicaloid [LSi(μ(2)-C(2)Ph(2))(2)SiL] (3) are described. Compound 2 was prepared by the reaction of [{PhC(NtBu)(2)}Si:](2) (1) with one equivalent of PhC[triple chemical bond]CH in toluene. Compound 3 was synthesized by the reaction of 1 with two equivalents of PhC[triple chemical bond]CPh in toluene.

Hydrosilylation of a silicon(II) hydride: synthesis and characterization of a remarkable silylsilylene.

The synthesis and characterization of novel monomeric silylsilylenes [{PhC(NtBu)(2)}Si--Si{(NtBu)(2)C(H)Ph}R] (R=Cl (2), H (4)) are described. Compound 2 was prepared by the treatment of [{PhC(NtBu)(2)}SiHCl(2)] (1) with two equivalents of potassium graphite, whereas compound 4 was synthesized by the treatment of 1 with four equivalents of potassium graphite. The results suggest that silicon(II) hydride intermediate [{PhC(NtBu)(2)}SiH] was formed in the reduction, which underwent a hydrosilylation with the amidinate ligand of [{PhC(NtBu)(2)}SiR] (R=Cl or H) to form 2 and 4, respectively.

Synthesis and characterization of a tin(II) bis(phosphinoyl)methanediide complex: a stannavinylidene derivative.

The reaction of [CH(2)(PPh(2)=NSiMe(3))(PPh(2)=S)] (1) with two equivalents of [Sn{N(SiMe(3))(2)}(2)] in refluxing toluene afforded novel tin(II) bis(phosphinoyl)methanediide complex 3. The structure of compound 3 has been determined by X-ray crystallography and DFT calculations. The topological analysis of the electron densities of compound 3 was performed.

Reactivity of a disilylene [{PhC(NBu(t))(2)}Si](2) toward bromine: synthesis and characterization of a stable monomeric bromosilylene.

The reaction of the disilylene [{PhC(NBu(t))(2)}Si](2) (1) with 1 equiv of bromine in toluene afforded novel monomeric bromosilylene [{PhC(NBu(t))(2)}SiBr] (2). The result shows that the Si(I)-Si(I) bond in 1 was cleaved by bromine. An X-ray structure of compound 2 has been determined.

Silabutadienes. Internal rotations and pi-conjugation. A density functional theory study.

The potential energy surfaces (PESs) for internal rotation around the central single bond of nine silabutadienes, which include all possible mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrasilabutadienes, are investigated computationally by using DFT with the B3LYP functional and the 6-311+G(d,p) basis set. For 1-silabutadiene (3), 2-silabutadiene (4), 1,4-disilabutadiene (5), 2,3-disilabutadiene (6), and 1,3-disilabutadiene (7), the s-trans rotamer is the most stable. For 1,2-disilabutadiene (8), 1,2,3-trisilabutadiene (9), and 1,2,4-trisilabutadiene (10), all having a trans-bent SiSi double bond, the most stable conformers are those having an antiperiplanar (ap) structure.

Cl-loss and H-loss dissociations in low-lying electronic states of the CH3Cl+ ion studied using multiconfiguration second-order perturbation theory.

To examine the experimentally suggested scheme of the pathways for Cl- and H-loss dissociations of the CH(3)Cl(+) ion in the X(2)E (1(2)A', 1(2)A' '), A(2)A(1) (2(2)A'), and B(2)E (3(2)A', 2(2)A") states, the complete active space-self-consistent field (CASSCF) and multiconfiguration second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) calculations with an atomic natural orbital (ANO) basis were performed for the 1(2)A' (X(2)A'), 1(2)A", 2(2)A', and 2(2)A'" states. The potential energy curves describing dissociation from the four C(s) states were obtained on the basis of the CASSCF partial geometry optimization calculations at fixed C-Cl or C-H distance values, followed by the CASPT2 energy calculations. The electronic states of the CH3(+) and CH(2)Cl(+) ions produced by Cl-loss and H-loss dissociation, respectively, were carefully determined.

Bromine-loss and hydrogen-loss dissociations in low-lying electronic states of the CH3Br+ ion studied using multiconfiguration second-order perturbation theory.

Complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) and multiconfiguration second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) calculations with an ANO-RCC basis were performed for the 1(2)A', 1(2)A", 2(2)A', and 2(2)A" states of the CH3Br+ ion. The 1(2)A' state is predicted to be the ground state. The 2(2)A' state is predicted to be a bound state.

F-loss and H-loss dissociations in low-lying electronic states of the CH3F+ ion studied using multiconfiguration second-order perturbation theory.

Complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) and multiconfiguration second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) calculations with an atomic natural orbital basis were performed for the 1(2)A'', 1(2)A', 2(2)A', 2(2)A'', and 3(2)A' (X2E, A2A1, and B2E) states of the CH3F+ ion. The 1(2)A'' state is predicted to be the ground state, and the C(s)-state energy levels are different from those of the CH3Cl+ ion. The 2(2)A' (A2A1) state is predicted to be repulsive, and the calculated adiabatic excitation energies for 2(2)A'' and 3(2)A' are very close to the experimental value for the B state.

Refolding and reactivation of calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase with excess magnesium ions.

It is well known that Mg(2+) is an essential component in many biological processes. This research investigated the courses of both the reactivation and the refolding in the absence and presence of Mg(2+) ions. Calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase (CIP) was extensively denatured in 3 M guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) solution for 2 h.