The study focuses on improving the efficiency and stability of CHNHPbI perovskite films for solar cells by controlling nucleation through the addition of 4-tert-butylpyridine (tBP).
tBP helps to suppress nucleation and forms an intermediate phase, resulting in high-quality perovskite layers as confirmed by in situ optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction patterns.
The treated perovskite achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.41% and maintained over 89% of its initial PCE after 30 days at room temperature, indicating significant improvements in both efficiency and stability.
To improve perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the researchers optimized the structure and movement of carriers in perovskite films using carbon (C) as nucleation sites in the precursor solution.
The addition of C helps lower the energy needed for nucleation, enhancing the interaction between lead iodide (PbI) and organic materials, which improves film quality.
The resulting PSCs achieved a power conversion efficiency of 18.33% and showed excellent durability, with minimal efficiency loss when exposed to high humidity and temperature over extended periods.