Diaphragmatic pheochromocytoma: Two case reports and a review of the literature.

Rationale: Pheochromocytomas typically arise in the adrenal medulla, whereas ectopic pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas commonly occur near the abdominal aorta, bladder, mediastinum, and head. Diaphragmatic pheochromocytomas are exceedingly rare, and there is limited surgical experience with their treatment.

Patient Concerns: In Case A, the subject is a 45-year-old male, while in Case B, the subject is a 59-year-old female.

Comparing Endovascular and Surgical Treatments for Varicocele: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the relative efficacy of endovascular and surgical treatments for varicocele.

Materials And Methods: PubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched to identify studies reporting on the outcomes associated with surgical or endovascular treatments of varicoceles. The studies that assessed the relative efficacy of surgical and endovascular treatments for patients with clinical varicocele were eligible for inclusion.

Efficacy and tolerability of combination therapy with alpha-blockers and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors compared with monotherapy for lower urinary tract symptoms: Protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of combination therapy consisting of α-blockers and different phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) by performing a network meta-analysis.

Method: Relevant articles were retrieved from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMBASE databases. Bayesian network meta-analyses were performed with a random-effect model to compare the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with α-blockers and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors for LUTS.

Diagnostic accuracy of photodynamic diagnosis for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) by performing a meta-analysis.

Method: Relevant articles were retrieved from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases. Studies evaluating the accuracy of PDD for the diagnosis of upper UTUC were included.

Prediction of calcium level in melamine-related urinary calculi with helical CT: diagnostic performance evaluation and clinical significance.

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between CT-attenuation and stone calcium level in melamine-related urinary calculi (MRUC). A total of 25 MRUC with known composition and calcium level were included (11 uric acid stones, 2 calcium oxalate stones and 12 mixture stones of uric acid and calcium oxalate). Of all, 18 renal stones accepted alkalization therapy except for 5 lower urinary tract stones and 2 stones of unknown position.

Study of stone composition changes in melamine-related urinary calculi and its clinical significance.

Objectives: To investigate the composition changes in melamine-related urinary calculi and their clinical significance.

Methods: A total of 49 melamine-related urinary calculi were included from 49 children (age 4-82 months, mean 22). The qualitative analysis of stone composition was determined using Fourier transform infrared.