The competing endogenous RNA network of CYP4Z1 and pseudogene CYP4Z2P exerts an anti-apoptotic function in breast cancer.

The competing endogenous RNA network (ceRNET) is involved in tumorigenesis and has become a hot spot of research. The ceRNET between CYP4Z1 and the pseudogene CYP4Z2P promotes angiogenesis and mediates tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. Nevertheless, the effects of this ceRNET on cell apoptosis and related mechanisms remain unclear.

Functionalized Polymeric Membrane with Enhanced Mechanical and Biological Properties to Control the Degradation of Magnesium Alloy.

To achieve enhanced biological response and controlled degradation of magnesium alloy, a modified biodegradable polymer coating called polycaprolactone (PCL) is fabricated by a thermal approach in which the heat treatment neither alters the chemical composition of the PCL membrane nor the rate of magnesium ion release, pH value, or weight loss, compared with the untreated sample. The changes in the crystallinity, hydrophilicity, and oxygen content of heat-treated PCL coating not only improve the mechanical adhesion strength between the coating and magnesium substrate but also enhance the biological properties. Moreover, the thermally modified sample can lead to higher spreading and elongation of osteoblasts, due to the enhanced hydrophilicity and CO to CO functional group ratio.

Suppression of carboxylesterases by imatinib mediated by the down-regulation of pregnane X receptor.

Background And Purpose: Imatinib mesylate (IM) is a first-line treatment for chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) as a specific inhibitor of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. As IM is widely used in CML, in combination with other drugs, the effects of IM on drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) are crucial to the design of rational drug administration. Carboxylesterases (CESs) are enzymes catalysing the hydrolytic biotransformation of several clinically useful drugs.

Epigenetic regulation on the gene expression signature in esophagus adenocarcinoma.

Background: Understanding the molecular mechanisms represents an important step in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic measures of esophagus adenocarcinoma (NOS). The objective of this study is to identify the epigenetic regulation on gene expression in NOS, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms of NOS.

Methods: In this study, 78 patients with NOS were included and the data of mRNA, miRNA and DNA methylation of were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Comparison of glutaraldehyde and carbodiimides to crosslink tissue engineering scaffolds fabricated by decellularized porcine menisci.

The objectives of this study were to fabricate porous scaffolds using decellularized meniscus, and to explore a preferable crosslinking condition to enhance mechanical properties of scaffolds. Moreover, the microstructure, porosity, biodegradation and cytotoxicity were also evaluated. EDAC or GTA in different concentration was used to crosslink scaffolds.

Effect of copper addition on mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and antibacterial property of 316L stainless steel.

The effects of addition of different Cu content (0, 2.5 and 3.5wt%) on mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and antibacterial performance of 316L austenitic stainless steel (SS) after solution and aging treatment were investigated by mechanical test, transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical corrosion, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and antibacterial test.

[Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan-Poloxamer-based Antibacterial Hydrogel Containing Silver Nanoparticles].

In order to solve the problem of high cytotoxicity in vitro of nano-silver antibacterial gel,and the problem of large nano-silver particle size and size distribution,this study prepared nano-silver antibacterial gel with better biocompatibility and good antibacterial effect by using physical cross-linking method and using poloxamer as dispersant when prepared nano-silver.In this study,nano-silver was prepared by photo-initiator method and by adding poloxamer as a dispersant,and then UV-visible absorption spectrum test and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)test were carried out using prepared nano-silver mixture and particles after drying respectively.The gel was prepared through adjusting its pH value by using sodium bicarbonate,and then pH value test,SEM test for cross-section of gel,swelling ratio test,viscosity test,inhibition zone test and in vitro cytotoxicity test were carried out.

Salient object detection with spatiotemporal background priors for video.

Saliency detection for images has been studied for many years, for which a lot of methods have been designed. In saliency detection, background priors which are often regarded as pseudo-background are effective clues to find salient objects in images. Although image boundary is commonly used background priors, it doesn't work well for images of complex scenes and videos.

An accuracy study of computer-planned implant placement in the augmented maxilla using osteosynthesis screws.

Previous research on the accuracy of flapless implant placement of virtually planned implants in the augmented maxilla revealed unfavourable discrepancies between implant planning and placement. By using the osteosynthesis screws placed during the augmentation procedure, the surgical template could be optimally stabilized. The purpose of this study was to validate this method by evaluating its clinically relevant accuracy.

Simultaneous measurement of refractive index distribution and topography by integrated transmission and reflection digital holographic microscopy.

We propose a method for simultaneously measuring dynamic changes of the refractive index distribution and surface topography, which integrates the transmission and reflection digital holographic microscopy based on polarization and angular multiplexing techniques. The complex amplitudes of the transmitted and reflected object waves can be simultaneously retrieved. The phase information of the reflected object wave is directly used to determine the topography of the specimen which corresponds to its physical thickness.

Oral Helicobacter pylori vaccine-encapsulated acid-resistant HP55/PLGA nanoparticles promote immune protection.

Oral vaccination, is notoriously weak or nonimmunogenic. One of the major reasons is the inefficient antigen uptake caused by enzymolysis and hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, acid-resistant HP55/PLGA nanoparticle was developed as an oral delivery system to protect H.

Design, facile synthesis and biological evaluations of novel pyrano[3,2-a]phenazine hybrid molecules as antitumor agents.

A series of novel pyrano[3,2-a]phenazine derivatives (1a-1r and 2a-2q), designed as hybrid molecules of phenazine and pyran pharmocophores, were facilely synthesized in two steps with 77-93% overall yields in this study. Cytotoxic evaluation indicates that many compounds exhibited cytotoxicity against HCT116, MCF7, HepG2 and A549 cancer cell lines in vitro, in which compounds 1c, 1i, 2e, and 2l were found to have excellent antiproliferative activity against the HepG2 cancer cell line. Thus, inhibitory effect of subcutaneously implanted xenografted mice in vivo (H22H8D8 cells) of the four compounds as well as topoisomerase I and IIα inhibitory activities in vitro (HepG2 cells) were determined.

Additively Manufactured Macroporous Titanium with Silver-Releasing Micro-/Nanoporous Surface for Multipurpose Infection Control and Bone Repair - A Proof of Concept.

Restoring large-scale bone defects, where osteogenesis is slow while infections lurk, with biomaterials represents a formidable challenge in orthopedic clinics. Here, we propose a scaffold-based multipurpose anti-infection and bone repairing strategy to meet such restorative needs. To do this, personalized multifunctional titanium meshes were produced through an advanced additive manufacturing process and dual "TiO-poly(dopamine)/Ag (nano)" post modifications, yielding macroporous constructs with micro-/nanoporous walls and nanosilver bullets immobilized/embedded therein.

Dual-wavelength common-path digital holographic microscopy for quantitative phase imaging based on lateral shearing interferometry.

A dual-wavelength common-path digital holographic microscopy based on a single parallel glass plate is presented to achieve quantitative phase imaging, which combines the dual-wavelength technique with lateral shearing interferometry. Two illumination laser beams with different wavelengths (λ=532  nm and λ=632.8  nm) are reflected by the front and back surfaces of the parallel glass plate to create the lateral shear and form the digital hologram, and then the hologram is reconstructed to obtain the phase distribution with a synthetic wavelength Λ=3339.

Proteomic profile of mouse fibroblasts exposed to pure magnesium extract.

Magnesium and its alloys gain wide attention as degradable biomaterials. In order to reveal the molecular mechanism of the influence of biodegradable magnesium on cells, proteomics analysis was performed in this work. After mouse fibroblasts (L929) were cultured with or without Mg degradation products (Mg-extract) for 8, 24, and 48h, changes in protein expression profiles were obtained using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) coupled two dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (2D LC MS/MS).

Cobalt-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation/Cyclization of 1,6-Enynes.

An iminopyridine cobalt dichloride complex was synthesized and demonstrated as an effective precatalyst for hydrosilylation/cyclization of 1,6-enynes with silanes. Various functional groups such as amine, free aniline, ester, ether, cyano, halide, trifluoromethyl, and heterocycle were tolerated to afford a variety of silicon-containing compounds. The reaction could be scaled up to afford products on the gram scale which could undergo further derivatizations.

How Microelectrode Array-Based Chick Forebrain Neuron Biosensors Respond to Glutamate NMDA Receptor Antagonist AP5 and GABA Receptor Antagonist Musimol.

We have established a long-term, stable primary chick forebrain neuron (FBN) culture on a microelectrode array platform as a biosensor system for neurotoxicant screening and for neuroelectrophysiological studies for multiple purposes. This paper reports some of our results, which characterize the biosensor pharmacologically. Dose-response experiments were conducted using NMDA receptor antagonist AP5 and GABA receptor agonist musimol (MUS).

CYP4Z1 3'UTR represses migration of human breast cancer cells.

To investigate the effects of CYP4Z1 3'UTR in migration of breast cancer cells, a series of assays were used to confirm that overexpression of CYP4Z1 3'UTR could suppress the capacity of migration and adhesion of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. EMT (Epithelial-mesenchymal transition)-related proteins were regulated by CYP4Z1 3'UTR. Mesenchyma markers like Vimentin, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were down-regulated, while the expression of E-cadherin was up-regulated with CYP4Z1 3'UTR overexpression.

Quantification of facial asymmetry: A comparative study of landmark-based and surface-based registrations.

Objective: To compare the validity and reproducibility of four different methods for the quantification of soft tissue facial asymmetry.

Material And Methods: Twenty 3D-photographs were randomly selected from the healthy control database. To assess the validity of the one landmark-based and three surface-based methods for measuring asymmetry, artificial facial asymmetry was created on two 3D photographs.

Transmission and total internal reflection integrated digital holographic microscopy.

We develop a transmission and total internal reflection (TIR) integrated digital holographic microscopy (DHM) by introducing a home-made Dove prism with a polished short side. With the help of angular and polarization multiplexing techniques, the 2D refractive index distribution of a specimen adhered on the prism surface is determined using TIR-DHM. Meanwhile, the thickness profile is unambiguously calculated from the phase information using transmission DHM.

SEP enhanced the antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil by up-regulating NKG2D/MICA and reversed immune suppression via inhibiting ROS and caspase-3 in mice.

Chemotherapy and immunotherapy are the main remedies used in cancer treatment. Because immunotherapy can not only reduce the toxicity of chemotherapeutics but also enhance antitumor effects in vivo, combining these two therapies is a trend that continues to gain more attention in clinic. SEP, a polysaccharide isolated from Strongylocentrotus nudus egg, has been reported to display antitumor activity by stimulating immune cells, including NK and T cells, via TLR2 and TLR4.

Enhanced in Vitro and in Vivo Performance of Mg-Zn-Y-Nd Alloy Achieved with APTES Pretreatment for Drug-Eluting Vascular Stent Application.

Bioabsorbable magnesium alloys are becoming prominent as temporary functional implants, as they avoid the risks generated by permanent metallic implants such as persistent inflammation and late restenosis. Nevertheless, the overfast corrosion of Mg alloys under physiological conditions hinders their wider application as medical implant materials. Here we investigate a simple one-step process to introduce a cross-linked 3-amino-propyltrimethoxysilane (APTES) silane physical barrier layer on the surface of Mg-Zn-Y-Nd alloys prior to electrostatic spraying with rapamycin-eluting poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) layer.

From Solution to Biointerface: Graphene Self-Assemblies of Varying Lateral Sizes and Surface Properties for Biofilm Control and Osteodifferentiation.

Bringing multifunctional graphene out of solution through facile self-assembly to form 2D surface nanostructures, with control over the lateral size and surface properties, would be an intriguing accomplishment, especially in biomedical fields where biointerfaces with functional diversity are in high demand. Guided by this goal, in this work, we built such graphene-based self-assemblies on orthopedic titanium, attempting to selectively regulate bacterial activities and osteoblastic functions, which are both crucial in bone regeneration. Briefly, large-area graphene oxide (GO) sheets and functionalized reduced GO (rGO) micro-/nanosheets were self-assembled spontaneously and controllably onto solid Ti, through an evaporation-assisted electrostatic assembly process and a mussel-inspired one-pot assembly process, respectively.

Three-dimensional virtual simulation of alar width changes following bimaxillary osteotomies.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) soft tissue simulation of nose width changes following bimaxillary osteotomies and to identify patient- and surgery-related factors that may affect the accuracy of simulation. Sixty patients (mean age 26 years) who underwent bimaxillary osteotomies participated in this study. Cone beam computed tomography scans were acquired preoperatively and at 1-year postoperative.

Three-dimensional evaluation of the alar cinch suture after Le Fort I osteotomy.

Orthognathic surgery has an influence on the overlying soft tissues of the translated bony maxillomandibular complex. Improvements in both function and facial appearance are the goals of surgery. However, unwanted changes to the soft tissues, especially in the nose region, frequently occur.