Influences of patient positioning and general anesthesia on condylar position and surgical accuracy in orthognathic surgery.

Objectives: To assess the effect of patient positioning and general anesthesia on the condylar position in orthognathic surgery.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study included patients undergoing orthognathic surgery between 2019 and 2020. Four weeks prior to surgery (T0) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and intra-oral scans (IOS) were acquired in an upright position.

Stability of expansion effects following Miniscrew-assisted Rapid Palatal expansion: a prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the dental and skeletal stability one year after Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE) by using 3D image data.

Methods: Patients with transverse maxillary deficiency from the age of 16 onwards were enrolled consecutively in this prospective longitudinal cohort study. The MARPE appliance was digitally and individually designed and fabricated.

Evaluating the Learning Curve and Patient Outcomes in Endoscopically Assisted Craniosynostosis Surgery: A 20-Year Analysis.

Objectives: To analyze the learning curve associated with endoscopic-assisted craniosynostosis surgery (EACS) at a single institution over a period of 2 decades.

Material And Methods: Patients who underwent EACS between 2004 and 2023 were included in this retrospective study. The impact of surgical experience was assessed by analyzing the duration of surgery and anesthesia, blood loss, need for blood transfusion, postoperative complications, and length of hospital stay, in relation to the number of surgeries performed.

Low-temperature stress at the booting stage reduces high-quality aromatic rice quality by improving the albumin and amylose contents.

High-quality aromatic rice (HAR) is most sensitive to low-temperature stress at the booting stage (LTB), and LTB leads to quality reduction. The key enzymes involved in nitrogen and carbon metabolism significantly affect the synthesis of proteins and starch, thereby influencing the nutritional and taste quality of rice. However, to date, no studies have focused on the after-effects of low-temperature at booting on the quality formation of HAR.

Research progress on pathogenesis of skin pigmentation in chronic liver disease.

Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a significant global health concern that leads to increased morbidity and mortality, and is associated with skin pigmentation changes. Excessive facial pigmentation is a common characteristic of patients with CLD, although the exact mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unclear. Melanin, which consists of eumelanin and pheomelanin, is synthesized in melanocytes.

Automated tooth segmentation in magnetic resonance scans using deep learning - A pilot study.

Objectives: The main objective was to develop and evaluate an artificial intelligence model for tooth segmentation in magnetic resonance (MR) scans.

Methods: MR scans of 20 patients performed with a commercial 64-channel head coil with a T1-weighted 3D-SPACE (Sampling Perfection with Application Optimized Contrasts using different flip angle Evolution) sequence were included. Sixteen datasets were used for model training and 4 for accuracy evaluation.

Spectrally-broadened femtosecond vortex beams in air with longitudinal pressure distribution.

The spectral broadening of femtosecond vortex beams in air with different longitudinal pressure distributions is studied numerically. By introducing a symmetrical pressure distribution, a sufficiently broadened spectrum while preserving vortex characteristics of the beam for different input energies can be generated. The proposed pressure distribution involves an increase during the self-focusing stage, followed by a flat-top and symmetric decrease.

Computational imaging-based single-lens imaging systems and performance evaluation.

The minimalist optical system has a simple structure, small size, and lightweight, but the low optical complexity will produce optical aberration. Addressing the significant aberration degradation in minimalist systems, we propose a high-quality computational optical framework. This framework integrates a global point spread function (PSF) change imaging model with a transformer-based U-Net deep learning algorithm to achieve high-quality imaging in minimalist systems.

Time-Efficient RSA over Large-Scale Multi-Domain EON.

The poor timeliness of routing has always been an urgent problem in practical operator networks, especially in situations with large-scale networks and multiple network domains. In this article, a pruning idea of routing integrated with Dijkstra's shortest path searching is utilized to accelerate the process of routing in large-scale multi-domain elastic optical networks (EONs). The layered-graph approach is adopted in the spectrum allocation stage.

Safety of vertical osteotomies in segmental Le Fort I procedures: a one-year radiological follow-up study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate dental and periodontal injuries and radiological bone healing at vertical osteotomies in patients treated with segmental Le Fort I (LFI) osteotomy, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. This retrospective study analyzed 105 patients who underwent segmental LFI osteotomy. Vertical osteotomies were performed between the lateral incisor and canine using a bur and osteotome.

Palatal Pedicle Connective Tissue for Reconstruction of Through-and-Through Soft Tissue Defects in Esthetic Zone Around a Dental Implant: An 8-Year Follow-Up Case Report.

Soft tissue management for immediate implant placement in the esthetic zone is crucial for successful treatment outcomes. Several surgical and restorative techniques have been proposed to treat unesthetic implant soft tissue defects or dehiscence. However, there is a scarcity of clinical evidence on addressing complications associated with through-and-through soft tissue defect (TTSD).

Therapeutic effects of mirodenafil, a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, on stroke models in rats.

Mirodenafil is a phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor with high specificity for its target and good blood-brain barrier permeability. The drug, which is currently used for treatment of erectile dysfunction, reduces Aβ and pTau levels and improves cognitive function in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, we investigated the effect of mirodenafil in the transient and permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO and pMCAO) models of stroke in rats.

Sex-specific associations between total and regional Fat-to-muscle Mass ratio and cardiometabolic risk: findings from the China National Health Survey.

Background: The fat-to-muscle mass ratio (FMR), integrating the antagonistic effects of fat and muscle mass, has been suggested as a valuable indicator to assess cardiometabolic health independent of overall adiposity. However, the specific associations of total and regional FMR with cardiometabolic risk are poorly understood. We aimed to examine sex-specific associations of total and regional FMR with single and clustered cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs).

Automated condylar seating assessment using a deep learning-based three-step approach.

Objectives: In orthognatic surgery, one of the primary determinants for reliable three-dimensional virtual surgery planning (3D VSP) and an accurate transfer of 3D VSP to the patient in the operation room is the condylar seating. Incorrectly seated condyles would primarily affect the accuracy of maxillary-first bimaxillary osteotomies as the maxillary repositioning is dependent on the positioning of the mandible in the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel tool by utilizing a deep learning algorithm that automatically evaluates the condylar seating based on CBCT images as a proof of concept.

Automated monitoring of tooth wear progression using AI on intraoral scans.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a fully automated method for visualizing and measuring tooth wear progression using pairs of intraoral scans (IOSs) in comparison with a manual protocol.

Methods: Eight patients with severe tooth wear progression were retrospectively included, with IOSs taken at baseline and 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year follow-ups. For alignment, the automated method segmented the arch into separate teeth in the IOSs.

Impacts of Environmental Concentrations of Nanoplastics on Zebrafish Neurobehavior and Reproductive Toxicity.

Nanoplastics, as emerging environmental pollutants, can transport contaminants across marine environments, polluting pristine ecosystems and being ingested by marine organisms. This transfer poses a severe threat to global aquatic ecosystems and potentially impacts human health through the food chain. Neurobehavioral and reproductive toxicity are critical areas of concern because they directly affect the survival, health, and population dynamics of aquatic species, which can have cascading effects on the entire ecosystem.

Discrepancies in pediatric OSA surgery hospital stay length across regions.

Objective: To investigate regional disparities in the length of hospital stay (LOS) for pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the United States.

Methods: We utilized the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Kid Inpatient Database (KID) for 2016, analyzing data on pediatric OSA patients aged 0-20. We compared LOS in different U.

Inhibition effect of copper-bearing metals on arterial neointimal hyperplasia via the AKT/Nrf2/ARE pathway and .

In-stent restenosis can be caused by the activation, proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which affects long-term efficacy of interventional therapy. Copper (Cu) has been proved to accelerate the endothelialization and reduce thrombosis formation, but little is known about its inhibition effect on the excessive proliferation of VSMCs. In this study, 316L-Cu stainless steel and L605-Cu cobalt-based alloy with varying Cu content were fabricated and their effects on surface property, blood compatibility and VSMCs were studied and .