Inferring Drug Resistance and Transmission using Whole-genome Sequencing in a High TB-burden Setting in China.

Objective: China is among the 30 countries with a high burden of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide, and TB remains a public health concern. Kashgar Prefecture in the southern Xinjiang Autonomous Region is considered as one of the highest TB burden regions in China. However, molecular epidemiological studies of Kashgar are lacking.

Identification of ASF1B as a prognostic marker for liver cancer by meta-analysis and its immune value revealed by a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of 33 human cancers.

Introduction: As one of the most common malignant tumours, liver cancer is difficult to detect in the early stage, with strong metastasis and poor prognosis. Anti-silencing function protein 1 was originally discovered in yeast as a histone H3-H4 chaperone, and studies have shown that ASF1B may be a target for inhibiting the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic significance of ASF1B expression in human LIHC on the basis of TCGA data.

Genome-Wide Identification of the NF-Y Gene Family and Their Involvement in Bolting and Flowering in Flowering Chinese Cabbage.

Flowering Chinese cabbage ( L. ssp. var.

Role of in regulation of bolting and flowering.

Gibberellin (GA) plays a major role in controlling stalk development. As an essential negative regulator of GA signal transduction, DELLA proteins may exert significant effects on stalk development. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying this regulation remain unclear.

Genome-wide identification of the KNOTTED HOMEOBOX gene family and their involvement in stalk development in flowering Chinese cabbage.

Gibberellin and cytokinin synergistically regulate the stalk development in flowering Chinese cabbage. KNOX proteins were reported to function as important regulators of the shoot apex to promote meristem activity by synchronously inducing CTK and suppressing GA biosynthesis, while their regulatory mechanism in the bolting and flowering is unknown. In this study, 9 genes were identified and mapped unevenly on 6 out of 10 flowering Chinese cabbage chromosomes.

Identification of BcARR Genes and CTK Effects on Stalk Development of Flowering Chinese Cabbage.

Flowering Chinese cabbage ( L. ssp. var.

Identification of Biomarkers Related to Immune Cell Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Gene Co-Expression Network.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer with poor prognosis. Due to the lack of effective biomarkers and its complex immune microenvironment, the effects of current HCC therapies are not ideal. In this study, we used the GSE57957 microarray data from Gene Expression Omnibus database to construct a co-expression network.

Forkhead box P3 gene silencing inhibits the expression of chemokines and chemokine receptors associated with cell growth, migration, and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

The aberrant expression of forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) leads to the formation of malignant tumors. FOXP3 expression levels are also elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of FOXP3 silencing on cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis and chemokine/chemokine receptor expression in the MHCC-97H HCC cell line.

Desumoylating Isopeptidase 2 (DESI2) Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis of Pancreatic Cancer Cells through Regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of desumoylating isopeptidase 2 (DESI2) on tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of pancreatic cancer, and to assess the signaling pathway involved. Overexpression and silence of DESI2 were designed and the experiments were divided into 5 groups: a normal control group, an interference control group (shRNA-NC); an interference group (sh-DESI2); an overexpression control group (NC), an overexpression group (DESI2). Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to screen the appropriate interference sequence.

AngII induces HepG2 cells to activate epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

The present study aimed to determine whether HepG2 can induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via angiotensin II (AngII) simulation. The expression levels of EMT markers vimentin and E-cadherin in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were detected by immunohistochemistry. In addition, HepG2 cells were stimulated with AngII, and the gene and protein expression levels of vimentin and E-cadherin were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses, respectively, whereas cell migration and invasion were assessed using Transwell assays.

LAPCD4 T cells are elevated among the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and tumor tissue of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of latency-associated peptide (LAP)CD4T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) immunity. Flow cytometric analysis was performed to detect the proportion of LAPCD4 T cells among the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 30 HBV-infected HCC patients at the pre-operative and post-operative stages, as well as 30 hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected volunteers as a control group. Furthermore, tumor tissues and peri-tumor tissues from 28 patients with HCC, as well as hepatic tissues from 28 HBV-infected patients with benign lesions were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis with double staining for LAP and CD4, and the average number of the LAPCD4T cells in each visual field was quantified.

A novel automatic molecular test for detection of multidrug resistance tuberculosis in sputum specimen: A case control study.

MiniLab tuberculosis (ML TB) assay is a new automatic diagnostic tool for diagnosis of multidrug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB). This study was conducted with aims to know the performance of this assay. Sputum sample from 224 TB suspects was collected from tuberculosis suspects seeking medical care at Beijing Chest hospital.

The Analysis of Physiological Variations in M Generation of L. Mutagenized by Ethyl Methane Sulfonate.

The eggplant was mutagenized with ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) to enhance its genetic variability in our previous paper. In this article, we further analyzed the phenotype of M generation of mutant eggplants. A total of 325 independent M families were investigated for phenotypic variation.

Comparison of Two Molecular Assays For Detecting Smear Negative Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Objective: To compare the performance of MTBDRplus V2 and Xpert MTB/RIF for detecting smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).

Methods: Clinical PTB suspects were enrolled consecutively in Anhui Chest Hospital and Xi'an Chest Hospital from January to December in 2014. The sputum samples of smear negative PTB suspects were collected and decontaminated.

The Abbott RealTime MTB assay and the Cepheid GeneXpert assay show comparable performance for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum specimens.

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of the newly developed technology Abbott RealTime MTB assay (RealTime MTB assay) for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum specimens and to compare its performance with that of the Cepheid GeneXpert assay.

Methods: Sputum specimens were collected from 270 subjects suspected to have tuberculosis (TB). Smear microscopy, culture, identification, RealTime MTB, and GeneXpert assays were performed according to standard protocols.

Multicenter Evaluation of the Molecular Line Probe Assay for Multidrug Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Detection in China.

In order to evaluate the performance of a molecular Hain line probe assay (Hain LPA) for rapid detection of rifampicin and isoniazid resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China, 1612 smear positive patients were consecutively enrolled in this study. Smear positive sputum specimens were collected for Hain LPA and conventional drug susceptibility testing (DST). The sensitivity and specificity of Hain LPA were analyzed by using conventional DST as golden reference.

The expression levels of transcription factors T-bet, GATA-3, RORγt and FOXP3 in peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) of patients with liver cancer and their significance.

Objectives: To investigate the expression of transcriptional factors (TFs) T-bet, GATA-3, RORγt and FOXP in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to evaluate the correlation between the imbalances of Th1/Th2, Th17/Treg at the expression levels and liver cancer Methods: The peripheral venous blood was drawn from 20 HCC-patients (HCC-group) and 20 health participants (C-group). The expression levels of Th1, Th2 and Th17 and the major Treg-specific TFs T-bet, GATA-3, RORγt and FOXP3 in the PBMC were measured with quantitative real-time PCR(RT-qPCR).

Results: The mRNA level of Th1-specific TF T-bet in HCC-group was significantly lower than that of C-group (52.

The feasibility of sputum transportation system in China: effect of sputum storage on the mycobacterial detection.

Sputum transportation from county-level to prefecture-level is an ideal strategy to cover the shortage of the laboratory capability in the resource-poor setting. Here, we firstly evaluated the feasibility of sputum transportation system in China by analyzing the culture and molecular diagnosis results from 1982 smear-positive patients with different delay in processing for culture. In this study, the total contamination rate was 2.

Mannose-binding lectin polymorphisms and recurrent respiratory tract infection in Chinese children.

Unlabelled: In order to establish the reference value of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) serum level in children and to investigate the correlation between the polymorphisms of MBL2 gene and serum MBL level in healthy Chinese of Han ethnic group and in children of Chinese Han ethnic group with recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTI), the concentration of oligomerized MBL was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and MBL2 gene polymorphisms were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism of polymerase chain reaction and polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer. The median MBL levels in the 470 normal children were 2536 ng/ml, and the P(2.5)-P(97.

[Determination of the serum mannose binding lectin levels in 738 Han ethnic group children].

Objective: To investigate the distribution of serum mannose binding lectin (MBL) levels in Han ethnic group children.

Methods: The concentrations of MBL in serum were measured by ELISA in 268 umbilical cord blood specimens from Chongqing, Wuhan and Urumqi as well as in serum of 470 normal children aged from 0 to 6 years and 87 adults in Chongqing.

Results: The distribution of serum MBL levels in children (28 days to 6 years) was abnormal but there was no significant difference in MBL serum levels in subjects of different ages and genders.

[Radiofrequency catheter ablation of septum originated tachycardia in children].

Objective: The study was undertaken to analyze retrospectively the results of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) on septum originated tachycardia in children with arrhythmia. The 98 children were all treated with RFCA on septum originated tachycardia in which the ablation sites were located near the bundle of His.

Methods: Fifty female and forty-eight male cases were included in this analysis.

Hyperbaric O2 reduces intestinal ischemia-reperfusion-induced TNF-alpha production and lung neutrophil sequestration.

Treatment with hyperbaric O2 (HBO) ameliorates ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Since tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) plays an important role in I/R injury, we hypothesized that the effect of HBO in I/R injury may be due to its ability to inhibit TNF-alpha production. In this study, one group of rats received HBO during 60 min of ischemia (HBO group, n = 9), while control rats endured the same procedure but did not receive HBO (non-HBO, n = 9).