Association of breastfeeding practices during the first 12 months and subsequent infant respiratory tract infections: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Breastfeeding and human milk are the normative standards for infant feeding and nutrition.

Objectives: We aimed to examine the association of breastfeeding practices during the first year of life with subsequent infant respiratory tract infections (RTIs).

Methods: The study was a secondary analysis embedded in the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort study.

Lactobacillus casei Zhang prevents hippocampal atrophy and cognitive impairment in rats with type 2 diabetes by regulating blood glucose levels.

Purpose: Lactobacillus casei Zhang (LCZ) has health benefits, such as the ability to improve blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, little is known about the effects of LCZ on brain structural plasticity and cognitive function in T2DM. The aims of this study were to determine whether LCZ can prevent and alleviate brain damage and memory impairment in T2DM, and to understand the mechanisms underlying the effects of LCZ in T2DM.

Herpes simplex virus-induced upregulation of inflammatory cytokines in human gingival fibroblasts.

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is the leading pathogen in the maxillo-facial region, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Its periodic reactivation aligns with the most common course pattern of periodontal disease. The present study used RNA sequencing to investigate the transcriptomes of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) following HSV-1 infection from the early to late stages (12-72 h).

Newborn screening for deafness genes with cord blood-based multicolour melting curve analysis.

Background: The purpose of the research was to examine the prevalence rates of screening for genetics and hearing simultaneously in neonates and provide scientific evidence for the beneficial application of newborn screening in the Southeast China population.

Methods: Between June 2015 and March 2023, 27,843 newborns were enrolled in the study. All participants were screened by otoacoustic emissions at 2 days of age.

A Pan-RAS Inhibitor with a Unique Mechanism of Action Blocks Tumor Growth and Induces Antitumor Immunity in Gastrointestinal Cancer.

RAS is a common driver of cancer that was considered undruggable for decades. Recent advances have enabled the development of RAS inhibitors, but the efficacy of these inhibitors remains limited by resistance. Here, we developed a pan-RAS inhibitor, ADT-007, that binds nucleotide-free RAS to block GTP activation of effector interactions and MAPK/AKT signaling, resulting in mitotic arrest and apoptosis.

Association of neutrophil percentage to albumin ratio with gallstones: a cross-sectional study from the United States NHANES.

Background And Objective: The neutrophil percentage to albumin ratio (NPAR) is an emerging, costimulatory indicator of inflammation that is associated with a variety of diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, stroke, and cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between NPAR and gallstones (GS) has not yet been explored. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association of the NPAR with the odds of GS and the age of patients at the time of their first GS surgery.

Modeling craniopharyngioma for drug screening reveals a neuronal mechanism for tumor growth.

Tumors occurring along the hypothalamus-pituitary axis receive axonal projection from neuroendocrine neurons, but it remains unclear whether neuroendocrine neuronal activity drives tumor expansion. Craniopharyngioma is a common suprasellar tumor with a propensity for invading the hypothalamus, leading to devastating endocrine and metabolic disorders. Here, we developed two autochthonous animal models that faithfully recapitulate the molecular pathology, clinical manifestations, and transcriptomic profiles of papillary craniopharyngioma.

Challenges of quaternary ammonium antimicrobial agents: Mechanisms, resistance, persistence and impacts on the microecology.

Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) served as broad spectrum antimicrobial agents are widely applied for surface disinfection, skin and mucous disinfection, and mouthwash. The daily applications of QACs have significantly increased, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the environmental residues of QACs have demonstrated harmful impacts on the environment, leading to an increase in environmental contamination, resistant microbes and disruption of microecology.

Catalytic conversion of chitin biomass into key platform chemicals.

Chitin is the most abundant nitrogen-containing biomass on Earth and presents a compelling alternative to fossil fuels for chemical production. The catalytic conversion of chitin offers a viable approach for harnessing its inherent carbon and nitrogen contents, contributing to developing a green and sustainable society. This feature article reviews recent advances in shell waste biorefinery, with an emphasis on the contributions from our group.

Bovine NMRAL2 Protein Blunts Nitric Oxide Production and Inflammatory Response in Infected Bovine Lung Epithelial Cells.

Tuberculosis (TB), primarily caused by () and (), remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent globally. Intracellular survival is crucial for their virulence; yet, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study aimed to demonstrate the significance of a previously unannotated bovine gene ENSBTAG00000011305 in intracellular survival.

Development of a RIPK1 degrader to enhance antitumor immunity.

The scaffolding function of receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) confers intrinsic and extrinsic resistance to immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) and emerges as a promising target for improving cancer immunotherapies. To address the challenge posed by a poorly defined binding pocket within the intermediate domain of RIPK1, here we harness proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology to develop a RIPK1 degrader, LD4172. LD4172 exhibits potent and selective RIPK1 degradation both in vitro and in vivo.

Low Melting Temperature Gallium-Indium Liquid Metal Anode for Solid-State Li-Ion Batteries.

Solid-state Li-ion batteries are attracting attention for their enhanced safety features, higher energy density, and broader operational temperature range compared to systems based on liquid electrolytes. However, current solid-state Li-ion batteries face performance challenges, such as suboptimal cycling and poor rate capabilities, often due to inadequate interfacial contact between the solid electrolyte and electrodes. To address this issue, we incorporated a gallium-indium (Ga-In) liquid metal as the anode in a solid-state Li-ion battery setup, employing LiPSCl as the solid electrolyte.

Comprehensive analysis of the transcription factor CREB3L4/RASEF signaling axis in lung adenocarcinoma: implications for pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.

Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the role of cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 4 (CREB3L4) in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and to provide new insights and approaches for its effective treatment. An analysis was conducted on the expression and prognostic implications of CREB3L4 in LUAD.

Methods: Potential downstream target genes regulated by CREB3L4 were identified through chromatin immunoprecipitation assay sequencing and mRNA sequencing analyses, and the regulatory relationship, mechanism, and prognostic significance of the identified target gene in LUAD were subsequently confirmed.

Cardiovascular adverse events in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer treated with trastuzumab-drug conjugates : a Bayesian disproportional real world study for signal detection leveraging the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Background: The cardiovascular risk profiles of trastuzumab drug conjugates (T-DCs) in the treatment of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer are uncertain. This study analyzed real-world adverse events data from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to investigate the association between T-DCs and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

Methods: We searched the FAERS database for reports of cardiovascular adverse events in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer receiving trastuzumab, ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), and trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-Dxd).

Phlecarinatones H-N: Abietane-type diterpenoids from Phlegmariurus carinatus with proliferative inhibitory effect on U251 glioblastoma cells.

Thirteen abietane-type diterpenoids, including seven previously undescribed compounds and six known analogs, were isolated from the root and aerial parts of Phlegmariurus carinatus. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis (UV, IR, NMR, and HRESIMS) and quantum chemical calculations (calculated ECD or C NMR). Notably, these compounds exhibited high structural diversity.

Efficacy of nintedanib as a host-directed therapy candidate in the treatment of tuberculosis.

Background: The lengthy duration and high frequency of drug resistance associated with currently used antimycobacterial drug treatments have intensified the need for alternative therapies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB.

Methods: MICs and intracellular macrophage cfu counts were tested to evaluate the antibacterial activity of nintedanib and pirfenidone against drug-susceptible and -resistant M. tuberculosis.

Rhupus syndrome: a unique disease overlapping systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.

Background though considered to have characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) theoretically, Rhupus Syndrome (RS) owns its unique clinical features. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we included 41 newly diagnosed Rhupus syndrome patients (NRSP). 160 new-diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus patients (NSLEP) and 709 new-diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients (NRAP) were admitted as positive control groups.

Risk factors for progressive kyphosis after percutaneous kyphoplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.

Purpose: To investigate the risk factors associated with progressive kyphosis (PK) after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).

Methods: A single-center retrospective study (January 2020 to December 2022) analyzed 129 OVCF patients treated with PKP. Patients were divided into a PK group and a non-progressive kyphosis group.

Low-Temperature and Highly Efficient Reduction of O-Containing CO Mixtures via Pt-Ni/CeO Oxygen Carriers.

Poor O tolerance and high reaction temperature of the conventional oxygen carriers challenge the direct utilization of impure CO via chemical looping. Here, Pt-Ni bimetallic Ce-based oxygen carriers with excellent O tolerance are developed for highly efficient reduction of O-containing CO at low temperatures. At a temperature as low as 700 °C, high CO conversion (≈92%) is obtained over 0.

Dysregulation of Iron Homeostasis Mediated by FTH Increases Ferroptosis Sensitivity in TP53-Mutant Glioblastoma.

Iron metabolism is a critical factor in tumorigenesis and development. Although TP53 mutations are prevalent in glioblastoma (GBM), the mechanisms by which TP53 regulates iron metabolism remain elusive. We reveal an imbalance iron homeostasis in GBM via TCGA database analysis.

A multidimensional grading system for ABPA treatment escalation within the first year: The HEID score.

Background: Susceptibility to relapse is an important feature of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA); early identification of patients at high risk of relapse is urgently needed. A practical score that classifies the severity of ABPA according to its prognosis is not available.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with a diagnosis of ABPA at our hospital between January 2010 and December 2022.

Global phylogeography and antibiotic resistance characteristics of Morganella: An epidemiological, spatial, comparative genomic study.

Morganella morganii has been recognized as an important opportunistic pathogen that is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. However, the current global evolutionary dynamics and emergence of ARGs remain obscure. The present study determined the global distribution, genomic classification, phylogeny, and monitor longitudinal resistome changes.