Molecular mechanisms of flowering time differentiation revealed by transcriptomic sequencing and de novo analysis in Chinese invasive populations of Ambrosia artemisiifolia.

Background: Ambrosia artemisiifolia is a highly invasive herb with deleterious effects on public health and agricultural systems. Flowering time in this species has been reported to vary along a latitudinal gradient, which may contribute to local adaptation and invasion success in China. However, the molecular basis for the flowering time differentiation remains unclear.

Disposal of spent VO-WO/TiO catalysts: A regeneration principle based on structure-activity relationships from carrier transformations.

Characterization and evaluation of hazardous spent VO-WO/TiO catalysts are critical to determining their treatment or final disposal. This study employs a thermal approach to simulate the preparation of spent catalysts derived from commercial VO-WO/TiO catalysts and investigate the structure-activity relationship of the carrier changes during the deactivation process. The results indicate that the catalyst carrier undergoes two processes: an increase in grain size and a transformation in crystal structure.

Comparison of genes involved in brain development: insights into the organization and evolution of the telencephalic pallium.

The mechanisms underlying the organization and evolution of the telencephalic pallium are not yet clear.. To address this issue, we first performed comparative analysis of genes critical for the development of the pallium (Emx1/2 and Pax6) and subpallium (Dlx2 and Nkx1/2) among 500 vertebrate species.

Notch1 is involved in cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation in the HVC of zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata).

Significant sex differences are found in songbirds' song control nuclei and their controlled song behaviors. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we explored the role of Notch1 during the development of the high vocal centre (HVC) and song learning in zebra finch. Our study first found that Notch1 positive cells were distributed in HVC with female-biased densities at posthatching day (PHD) 15, but male-biased at PHD 45 and adult.

The effects of Wnt, BMP, and Notch signaling pathways on cell proliferation and neural differentiation in a song control nucleus (HVC) of Lonchura striata.

There is obvious sexual dimorphism in the song control system of songbirds. In the higher vocal center (HVC), cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation contribute to the net addition of neurons. However, the mechanism underlying these changes is unclear.

Identifying 2PHDO as a SOCE inhibitor from Chinese herbal extracts.

STIM- and Orai-mediated store operated calcium entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ signaling process, crucial for the proper function of immune, muscle and neuronal systems. To treat SOCE-related disorder or diseases of these systems, and to mechanistically dissect activation and function of SOCE, specific SOCE inhibitors are needed. However, strategies for developing new SOCE modifiers are still limited.

Aloperine alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Rationale: Excessive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in the pathological progression of acute lung injury (ALI). Aloperine (Alo) has anti-inflammatory effects in many inflammatory disease models; however, its role in ALI remains elusive. In this study, we addressed the role of Alo in NLRP3 inflammasome activation in both ALI mice and LPS-treated RAW264.

Adenovirus-mediated effects of Wnt and Notch signalling pathways on hair cell regeneration in mice.

Some genes are delivered to cochleae by adenoviruses to restore partial hearing function. This provides promising prospects for gene therapies for hearing loss from hair cell damage. To study the adenovirus (AD)-mediated effect of the Wnt and Notch signalling pathways on hair cell regeneration in the mouse cochlea, we constructed a β-catenin-adenovirus (β-catenin-AD) to increase the activity of the Wnt signalling pathway and a NICD (intracellular domain of Notch1)-RNAi-adenovirus to decrease the activity of the Notch signalling pathway (NICD-RNAi-AD).

Differentiation therapy for murine myelofibrosis model with MLN8237 loaded low-density lipoproteins.

Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a severe myeloproliferative neoplasm that is characterized by low-differentiation megakaryoblasts and progressive bone marrow fibrosis. Although an Aurora kinase A (AURKA) targeting small-molecule inhibitor MLN8237 has been approved in clinical trials for differentiation therapy of high-risk PMF patients, its off-target side effects lead to a partial remission and serious complications. Here, we report a dual-targeting therapy agent (rLDL-MLN) with great clinical translation potential for differentiation therapy of PMF disease.

Ru-based monolithic catalysts for the catalytic oxidation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds.

A series of cordierite monolithic catalysts with Ru species supported on different available low-cost carriers were prepared and investigated for the elimination of CVOCs. The results suggest that the monolithic catalyst with Ru species supported on anatase TiO carrier with abundant acidic sites exhibited the desired catalytic activity for DCM oxidation with the value of 368 °C. In addition, a pseudo-boehmite sol used as binder was introduced into the preparation of the monolithic catalysts to further improve the adhesion between the powder catalysts and cordierite honeycomb carrier.

Metabolomics of the anti-inflammatory effect of Pueraria lobata and Pueraria lobata var. Thomsonii in rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi and Pueraria lobata var. Thomsonii (Benth.

Effects of Bevacizumab Combined with Chemotherapy on CT, CyFRA21-1, and ProGRP and Prognosis of Lung Cancer Patients under Nursing Intervention.

Objective: Molecular targeted drug therapy and chemotherapy are the main treatments for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, and the combination of both has advantages in prolonging patients' progression-free survival and overall survival. This study investigated the effects of bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy under nursing intervention on CT, cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1), and gastrin-releasing peptide precursor (ProGRP) and prognosis of lung cancer patients.

Methods: 102 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to May 2019 were divided into observation group and control group, with 51 cases each.

Research on the Dealkalization Treatment of Bauxite Residue and Deep Extraction of Alumina.

Bauxite residue is the bulk solid waste generated by the alumina industry, and the environmental treatment of bauxite residue has always been a focus of attention. In this study, in the high calcium system, the bauxite residue was intensively digestion by the calcification-carbonation method, and the mole ratio of solution, the mass ratio of CaO/SiO of the digestion process were changed, so that the high-efficiency dealkalization of bauxite residue was realized and the aluminum oxide in bauxite residue was deeply extracted. The experimental results showed that the calcification process could achieve the recovery of 17.

OsOSCA1.1 Mediates Hyperosmolality and Salt Stress Sensing in .

OSCA () is a family of mechanosensitive calcium-permeable channels that play a role in osmosensing and stomatal immunity in plants. has 11 genes; some of these were shown to complement hyperosmolality-induced [Ca] increases (OICI), salt stress-induced [Ca] increases (SICI), and the associated growth phenotype in the mutant . However, their biological functions in rice remain unclear.

Research on the mechanism of sodium separation in bauxite residue synergy preparation of potassium-containing compound fertilizer raw materials by the hydrothermal method.

Bauxite residue poses an increasingly serious ecological safety problem in the alumina industry. A novel process for removing sodium in bauxite residue synergistic preparation of potassium-containing compound fertilizer raw materials was proposed to relieve pressure on the fertilizer industry. In this paper, synthetic sodalite and katoite were used to simulate the main mineral phases of bauxite residue to determine the suitable conditions for the method, and the transformation mechanism of the process was researched by analyzing the phase structure and microscopic morphology of the samples using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and specific surface area detection.

OsHSD2 interaction with and phosphorylation by OsCPK21 is essential for lipid metabolism during rice caryopsis development.

Rice calcium-dependent protein kinase 21 (OsCPK21) is specifically and highly expressed throughout reproductive development and plays a critical role in rice pollen development by indirectly regulating the MIKC*-type MADS box transcription factor. However, little is known about the function of OsCPK21 in rice caryopsis development. In this study, we performed an in vitro pull-down experiment followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis and identified hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (HSD2) as a candidate OsCPK21-interacting protein in 25 DAF (days after flowering) rice caryopses.

Research on Bayer Red Mud Slurry Electrolysis.

The Bayer red mud is the solid waste generated during the production of alumina by the Bayer process. At present, the stock of red mud in China exceeds 1.1 billion tons, covering an area of more than 120,000 mu, and the annual production volume is increasing by 100 million tons.

Study on Iron Extraction from High Iron Bauxite Residue by Pyrite Reduction.

A new method of solid-phase reduction magnetic separation with pyrite as a reducing agent was proposed in order to realize resource utilization of high iron bauxite residue while reducing environmental harm. FeS powder and high iron bauxite residue powder were uniformly blended and roasted in a closed environment. A magnetic separator was utilized to separate the magnetic iron concentrate at 2400 GS, and the recovery rates were calculated.

Extraction and Utilization of Valuable Elements from Bauxite and Bauxite Residue: A Review.

Bauxite is the ideal raw material for the manufacturing of alumina. Aside from the primary constituents of aluminum and silicon, bauxite is frequently coupled with many valuable elements such as gallium (Ga), titanium (Ti), scandium (Sc), and lithium (Li). The bauxite residue and circulating spent liquor in alumina production typically include significant amounts of valuable elements, making them a potential source of polymetallic.

Experimental Research on Vortex Melting Reduction of High-Iron Red Mud (Bauxite Residue).

In this study, the advantages of the vortex melting reduction treatment of red mud were verified. Vortex melting reduction can improve the feeding rate, promote the reaction and the directional deposition of iron, which was conducive to the separation of slag and gold. The effects of different adding methods, stirring speed and reaction time on iron recovery were investigated by using red mud, aluminum leached slag and calcified slag as raw materials.

Transcriptomic identification of long noncoding RNAs and their hormone-associated nearby coding genes involved in the differential development of caryopses localized on different branches in rice.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important regulatory roles in caryopsis development and grain size in rice. However, whether there exist differences in lncRNA expression between caryopses located on primary branches (CPB) and caryopses located on secondary branches (CSB) that contribute to their differential development remains elusive. Here, we performed transcriptome-wide analysis to identify 2,273 lncRNAs expressed in CPB and CSB at 0, 5, 12, and 20 days after flowering (DAF).

Comprehensive Application Technology of Bauxite Residue Treatment in the Ecological Environment: A Review.

The emission of bauxite residue continues to grow with the increase of alumina production capacity, along with the large amounts of bauxite residue currently stored in stockpiles. The exposed problems of high yield, strong alkalinity, low comprehensive utilization rate, and threats to the ecological environment are becoming increasingly prominent. With the strict requirements of environmental protection, improving the comprehensive utilization rate of bauxite residue and bulk consumption of bauxite residue has become an urgent issue to be solved.

MPK3/MPK6-mediated phosphorylation of ERF72 positively regulates resistance to Botrytis cinerea through directly and indirectly activating the transcription of camalexin biosynthesis enzymes.

Ethylene response factor (ERF) Group VII members generally function in regulating plant growth and development, abiotic stress responses, and plant immunity in Arabidopsis; however, the details of the regulatory mechanism by which Group VII ERFs mediate plant immune responses remain elusive. Here, we characterized one such member, ERF72, as a positive regulator that mediates resistance to the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Compared with the wild-type (WT), the erf72 mutant showed lower camalexin concentration and was more susceptible to B.

Catalpol enhanced physical exercise-mediated brain functional improvement in post-traumatic stress disorder model via promoting adult hippocampal neurogenesis.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious psychiatric disorder characterized by hyper-response to environmental cues as well as the associated depressive and cognitive dysfunctions. According to the key roles of hippocampus for cognitive and emotional regulation, improving hippocampal functions, particularly hippocampal neural plasticity, is the necessary pathway to attenuate the core symptoms of PTSD. The effects of the alternative therapies such as exercise and natural compounds to reduce PTSD symptoms and promote adult hippocampal neurogenesis have been widely demonstrated.