Se vacancies and interface engineering modulated bifunctionality prussian blue analogue derivatives for overall water splitting.

It is a challenging task to design and synthesize stable, and high-performance non-precious metals bifunctional catalysts for water-splitting. Herein, the coupling between Se vacancy and interface engineering is highlighted to synthesize a unique CoFeSe hollow nanocubes structure on MXene-modified nickel foam (NF) by in-situ phase transition from bifunctionality prussian blue analogue (PBA) derivatives (V-CoFeSe@MXene/NF). DFT theory reveals that the Se vacancy and interface engineering modulate the surface electronic structure and optimize the surface adsorption energy of the intermediates.

FeS coupled with VS heterogeneous interface engineering driven by FeV bimetallic MOFs: An efficient all-pH and durable hydrogen evolution.

Rational design and preparation of a multiphase electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has become a hot research topic, while applicable and pH versatility of vanadium tetrasulfide (VS) and heptairon octasulfide (FeS) composites have rarely been reported. Here, the facile topological sulfide self-template sacrifice method using FeV bimetallic MOFs is designed to obtain FeS coupled with VS heterostructures, enhancing the electron precipitation in the catalysts and attracts electrons to migrate. According to DFT simulations, the electronic coupling at the atomic orbital level and the modulation of interfacial electrons among various interfaces play a crucial role in enhancing the intermediate state process of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) across the entire pH range, promoting the optimal d-band centroid value (ε).

Advances in Host-Free White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Utilizing Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence: A Comprehensive Review.

The ever-growing prominence and widespread acceptance of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), particularly those employing thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), have firmly established them as formidable contenders in the field of lighting technology. TADF enables achieving a 100% utilization rate and efficient luminescence through reverse intersystem crossing (RISC). However, the effectiveness of TADF-OLEDs is influenced by their high current density and limited device lifetime, which result in a significant reduction in efficiency.

Bidirectional Solid-State Fermentation of Highland Barley by Edible Fungi to Improve Its Functional Components, Antioxidant Activity and Texture Characteristics.

In food industry, the characteristics of food substrate could be improved through its bidirectional solid-state fermentation (BSF) by fungi, because the functional components were produced during BSF. Six edible fungi were selected for BSF to study their effects on highland barley properties, such as functional components, antioxidant activity, and texture characteristics. After BSF, the triterpenes content in Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma leucocontextum samples increased by 76.

Compact conformal tattoo-polymer antenna for on-body wireless power transfer.

This paper presents a 35.0 × 35.0 × 2.

Load-dependent inverted U-shaped connectivity of the default mode network in schizophrenia during a working-memory task: evidence from a replication functional MRI study.

Background: Working-memory deficit is associated with aberrant degree distribution of the brain connectome in schizophrenia. However, the brain neural mechanism underlying the degree redistribution pattern in schizophrenia is still uncertain.

Methods: We examined the functional degree distribution of the connectome in 81 patients with schizophrenia and 77 healthy controls across different working-memory loads during an n-back task.

Shared and distinct patterns of dynamical degree centrality in bipolar disorder across different mood states.

Background: Previous studies have probed the brain static activity pattern in bipolar disorder across different states. However, human intrinsic brain activity is time-varying and dynamic. There is a lack of knowledge about the brain dynamical pattern in bipolar disorder across different mood states.

Treatment Effect of Long-Term Antipsychotics on Default-Mode Network Dysfunction in Drug-Naïve Patients With First-Episode Schizophrenia: A Longitudinal Study.

The maintenance of antipsychotic treatment is an efficient way to prevent the relapse of schizophrenia (SCZ). Previous studies have identified beneficial effects of antipsychotics on brain structural and functional abnormalities during mostly the acute phase in SCZ, but seldom is known about the effects of long-term antipsychotics on the brain. The present study focused on the long-term antipsychotic effect on the default mode network (DMN) dysfunction in SCZ.

Multimetric structural covariance in first-episode major depressive disorder: a graph theoretical analysis.

Background: Abnormalities of cortical morphology have been consistently reported in major depressive disorder (MDD), with widespread focal alterations in cortical thickness, surface area and gyrification. However, it is unclear whether these distributed focal changes disrupt the system-level architecture (topology) of brain morphology in MDD. If present, such a topological disruption might explain the mechanisms that underlie altered cortical morphology in MDD.

The centrality of working memory networks in differentiating bipolar type I depression from unipolar depression: A task-fMRI study.

Objectives: Up to 70%-80% of patients with bipolar disorder are misdiagnosed as having major depressive disorder (MDD), leading to both delayed intervention and worsening disability. Differences in the cognitive neurophysiology may serve to distinguish between the depressive phase of type 1 bipolar disorder (BDD-I) from MDD, though this remains to be demonstrated. To this end, we investigate the discriminatory signal in the topological organization of the functional connectome during a working memory (WM) task in BDD-I and MDD, as a candidate identification approach.

Dynamical regional activity in putamen distinguishes bipolar type I depression and unipolar depression.

Objectives: Intrinsic human brain activity is time-varying and dynamic. However, there is still a lack of knowledge about the dynamic regional activity differences between unipolar depression (UD) and bipolar type I depression (BD-I), and whether their differential pattern can help to distinguish these two patient groups who are prone to misdiagnosis in clinical practice.

Method: In this study, we used the dynamical fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (dfALFF) to examine the resting-state dynamical regional activity in 40 BD-I, 42 UD, and 44 healthy controls (HCs).

Decreased Cortical Folding of the Fusiform Gyrus and Its Hypoconnectivity with Sensorimotor Areas in Major Depressive Disorder.

Background: Neuroimaging studies have revealed abnormal cortical folding pattern and disruptive functional connectivity in major depressive disorder (MDD). Combining structure and function in the same population may further our understanding of the neuropathological mechanisms of MDD.

Method: Sixty-two patients with MDD and 61 healthy controls (HCs) underwent structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Imbalance Between Prefronto-Thalamic and Sensorimotor-Thalamic Circuitries Associated with Working Memory Deficit in Schizophrenia.

Background: Thalamocortical circuit imbalance characterized by prefronto-thalamic hypoconnectivity and sensorimotor-thalamic hyperconnectivity has been consistently documented at rest in schizophrenia (SCZ). However, this thalamocortical imbalance has not been studied during task engagement to date, limiting our understanding of its role in cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia.

Methods: Both n-back working memory (WM) task-fMRI and resting-state fMRI data were collected from 172 patients with SCZ and 103 healthy control subjects (HC).

Mitigating COVID-19 infection disease transmission in indoor environment using physical barriers.

During the normalized phase of COVID-19, droplets or aerosol particles produced by infected personnel are considered as the potential source of infection with uncertain exposure risk. As such, in densely populated open spaces, it is necessary to adopt strategies to mitigate the risk of infection disease transmission while providing sufficient ventilation air. An example of such strategies is use of physical barriers.

Exploration of the natural waxes-tuned crystallization behavior, droplet shape and rheology properties of O/W emulsions.

Lipid crystallization in O/W emulsions is essential to control the release of nutrients and to food structuring. While few information is involved in adjusting and controlling the performance of emulsions by adjusting oil phase crystallization behavior. We herein developed a novel strategy for designing lipid crystallization inside oil droplets by natural waxes to modify the O/W emulsion properties.

Decreased integration of the frontoparietal network during a working memory task in major depressive disorder.

Background: Working memory deficits are a common feature in major depressive disorder and are associated with poor functional outcomes. Intact working memory performance requires the recruitment of large-scale brain networks. However, it is unknown how the disrupted recruitment of distributed regions belonging to these large-scale networks at the whole-brain level brings about working memory impairment seen in major depressive disorder.

Impaired set-shifting in drug-naïve patients with borderline personality disorder: an event-related potentials study.

Background: Neurocognitive impairments might play a key role in the development of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), however, the pathophysiological mechanism underlying cognitive impairment of BPD is largely unknown. This study was aimed to examine the electrophysiological mechanism of deficits in set-shifting processing in patients with BPD.

Methods: Twenty-seven drug-naïve patients with BPD and twenty-four healthy controls were recruited.

Bipolar Mood State Reflected in Functional Connectivity of the Hate Circuit: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Background: Previous studies suggested bipolar disorder caused an aberrant alteration in the insular, putamen, and left superior frontal gyrus, which are the main components of the hate circuit. However, the relationship between the hate circuit and the pathophysiologic substrate underlying different phases of bipolar disorder remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify group differences of resting-state functional connectivity within the hate circuit in healthy controls (HCs) and bipolar patients in different mood states.

Medication adherence and its correlates among patients affected by schizophrenia with an episodic course: A large-scale multi-center cross-sectional study in China.

The Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) is a fast, non-intrusive way of measuring adherence to medication in order to improve the management of patients with schizophrenia. The current cross-sectional study evaluated the reliability of the Chinese (Mandarin) version of the MARS and explored clinical and demographic correlates to medication adherence in a large sample of patients affected by schizophrenia with an episodic course in China. 1198 patients were recruited from 37 different hospitals in 17 provinces/municipalities of China and evaluated with the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS), Clinical Global Impression-Severity of Illness (CGI-SI) and Sheehan Disability Scale-Chinese version (SDS-C).

Psychometric properties of the 15-item positive subscale of the community assessment of psychic experiences.

Objective: A new 15-item version of the positive subscale of Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE-P15) has been recently proposed and used to measure psychotic-like experiences. The wide application of this scale is thought to be feasible and cost-effective, due to its manageable length and higher level of internal consistency. However, its psychometric properties have not been well established.