The ReAct project: Analysis of data from 23 different laboratories to characterise DNA recovery given two sets of activity level propositions.

The ReAct (Recovery, Activity) project is an ENFSI (European Network of Forensic Science Institutes) supported initiative comprising a large consortium of laboratories. Here, the results from more than 23 laboratories are presented. The primary purpose was to design experiments simulating typical casework circumstances; collect data and to implement Bayesian networks to assess the value (i.

Correction: The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, an emerging paradigm of a gender egalitarian organisation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Deciphering the maternal ancestral lineage of Greek Cypriots, Armenian Cypriots and Maronite Cypriots.

Cyprus was conquered from several populations because of its special geographical location. In this study, 406 unrelated Cypriot samples were tested based on their mitochondrial DNA. In more detail, 185 were Greek Cypriots, 114 Armenian Cypriots and 107 Maronite Cypriots.

Medical imagery in Maximus of Tyre's .

Imagery is an overarching feature of Maximus of Tyre's which has never been the subject of systematic investigation. This paper provides a starting point by focusing exclusively on medical imagery, one of the most pervasive and instrumental types of imagery in Maximus' work that has gone entirely unnoticed in the literature to date. This paper shows that Maximus uses medicine (especially its scientific basis and historical development), the physician (e.

Tissue and plasma proteomic profiling indicates AHSG as a potential biomarker for ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms.

Background: Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms (TAAs) develop asymptomatically and are characterized by dilatation of the aorta. This is considered a life-threatening vascular disorder due to the risk of aortic dissection and rupture. There is an urgent need to identify blood-borne biomarkers for the early detection of TAA.

The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, an emerging paradigm of a gender egalitarian organisation.

Females are underrepresented in the science, technology, engineering, mathematics and medicine (STEMM) disciplines globally and although progress has been made, the gender gap persists. Our aim was to explore gender parity in the context of gender representation and internal collaboration at the Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics (CING), a leading national biomedical organisation accredited as an equal opportunity employer. Towards this aim we (1) explored trends in gender parity within the different departments, positions and qualifications and in student representation in the CING's postgraduate school and, (2) investigated the degree of collaboration between male and female researchers within the Institute and the degree of influence within its co-authorship network.

Correction: Comparative Y-chromosome analysis among Cypriots in the context of historical events and migrations.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Inflammation and physical dysfunction: responses to moderate intensity exercise in chronic kidney disease.

Background: People with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience skeletal muscle wasting, reduced levels of physical function and performance, and chronic systemic inflammation. While it is known that a relationship exists between inflammation and muscle wasting, the association between inflammation and physical function or performance in CKD has not been well studied. Exercise has anti-inflammatory effects, but little is known regarding the effect of moderate intensity exercise.

Comparative Y-chromosome analysis among Cypriots in the context of historical events and migrations.

Y-chromosome analysis provides valuable information regarding the migration patterns of male ancestors, ranging from the Paleolithic age to the modern humans. STR and SNP genotyping analysis provides data regarding the genetic and geographical ancestry of the populations studied. This study focused on the analysis of the Y-chromosome in Maronite Cypriots and Armenian Cypriots, who came to the island as a result of different historical events.

Association between vitamin D deficiency and exercise capacity in patients with CKD, a cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Evidence is growing for a role of vitamin D in regulating skeletal muscle mass, strength and functional capacity. Given the role the kidneys play in activating total vitamin D, and the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), it is possible that deficiency contributes to the low levels of physical function and muscle mass in these patients.

Methods: This is a secondary cross-sectional analysis of previously published interventional study, with in vitro follow up work.

"Other psychotherapies": Healing interactions across time, geography, and culture.

This article introduces the special issue of entitled "Other Psychotherapies": Healing Interactions across Time, Geographies, and Cultures. This special issue is intended to highlight that, rather than being exclusively a modern phenomenon, variants of psychotherapeutic practice have existed for millennia in diverse sociocultural contexts. This article explores the historical development of Western psychotherapy and points to the important contribution that Greco-Roman scholars from antiquity made to contemporary understandings of mental states and emotional wellbeing.

Peak aerobic capacity from incremental shuttle walk test in chronic kidney disease.

Background: Assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness is an important outcome in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to develop a predictive equation to estimate peak oxygen uptake (VO ) and power output (W ), as measured during a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), from the distance walked (DW) during the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT).

Methods: Thirty-six non-dialysing patients with CKD [17 male, age: 61 ± 12 years, eGFR: 25±7 ml/min/1.

Ultrasound assessment of muscle mass in response to exercise training in chronic kidney disease: a comparison with MRI.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a catabolic condition associated with muscle wasting and dysfunction, which associates with morbidity and mortality. There is a need for simple techniques capable of monitoring changes in muscle size with disease progression and in response to interventions aiming to increase muscle mass and function. Ultrasound is one such technique; however, it is unknown how well changes in muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) measured using ultrasound relate to changes in whole muscle volume measured using magnetic resonance imaging.

Twelve weeks of supervised exercise improves self-reported symptom burden and fatigue in chronic kidney disease: a secondary analysis of the 'ExTra CKD' trial.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients experience a high symptom burden including fatigue, sleep difficulties, muscle weakness and pain. These symptoms reduce levels of physical function (PF) and activity, and contribute to poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Despite the gathering evidence of positive physiological changes following exercise in CKD, there is limited evidence on its effect on self-reported symptom burden, fatigue, HRQoL and physical activity.

The association of physical function and physical activity with all-cause mortality and adverse clinical outcomes in nondialysis chronic kidney disease: a systematic review.

Objective: People with nondialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal transplant recipients (RTRs) have compromised physical function and reduced physical activity (PA) levels. Whilst established in healthy older adults and other chronic diseases, this association remains underexplored in CKD. We aimed to review the existing research investigating poor physical function and PA with clinical outcome in nondialysis CKD.

The "Minimum Clinically Important Difference" in Frequently Reported Objective Physical Function Tests After a 12-Week Renal Rehabilitation Exercise Intervention in Nondialysis Chronic Kidney Disease.

Objective: Chronic kidney disease patients are characterized by impaired physical function. The goal of exercise-based interventions is an improvement in functional performance. However, improvements are often determined by "statistically significant" changes.

Test-retest reliability, validation, and "minimal detectable change" scores for frequently reported tests of objective physical function in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease.

Physical function is an important outcome in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to establish the reliability, validity, and the "minimal detectable change" (MDC) of several common tests used in renal rehabilitation and research. In a repeated measures design, 41 patients with CKD not requiring dialysis (stage 3b to 5) were assessed at an interval of 6 weeks.

An evaluation of low volume high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) for health risk reduction in overweight and obese men.

ᅟ: Both sprint interval training (SIT) and high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) have been described as time-efficient strategies for inducing favourable metabolic and cardiorespiratory adaptations in healthy and diseased participants.

Background: To date, little attention has been given to profiling the potential health benefits of HIIT or modified HIIT training within overweight and obese cohorts with particular focus on inflammation. Within this pilot trial, we tested the hypothesis that 6 sessions of HIIT performed over 2 weeks with 1-2 days' rest would improve aerobic capacity, glucose metabolism and inflammatory profile in an overweight and obese male cohort.

Sex-specific age association with primary DNA transfer.

Practicing forensic scientists who are called to provide expert witness testimony are often asked to explain both the presence and the absence of DNA on objects that have been handled by perpetrators with bare hands. Unwashed hands, depending on what they have come in contact with previously, may become the vehicle of both primary and secondary transfer of DNA. In this study, we investigated the propensity of primary and secondary transfer of DNA from unwashed bare hands of 128 individuals onto plastic tubes.

Appetite-regulatory hormone responses on the day following a prolonged bout of moderate-intensity exercise.

Exercise increases energy expenditure however acutely this does not cause compensatory changes in appetite or food intake. This unresponsiveness contrasts the rapid counter-regulatory changes seen after food restriction. The present investigation examined whether corrective changes in appetite-regulatory parameters occur after a time delay, namely, on the day after a single bout of exercise.

Psychotherapy and moralising rhetoric in Galen's newly discovered Avoiding Distress (Peri Alypias).

In this article, I examine Galen's credentials as an ethical philosopher on the basis of his recently discovered essay Avoiding Distress (Peri alypias). As compensation for the scholarly neglect from which Galen's ethics suffers, I argue that his moral agenda is an essential part of his philosophical discourse, one that situates him firmly within the tradition of practical ethics of the Roman period. Galen's engagement with Stoic psychotherapy and the Platonic-Aristotelian educational model affirms his ethical authority; on the other hand, his distinctive moralising features such as the autobiographical perspective of his narrative and the intimacy between author and addressee render his Avoiding Distress exceptional among other essays, Greek or Latin, treating anxiety.

Spectrum of LDLR gene mutations, including a novel mutation causing familial hypercholesterolaemia, in North-western Greece.

Background: Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a clinical syndrome characterised by elevated serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, by tendon xanthomata and clinical manifestations of ischaemic heart disease in early life. Typically, it results from mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene. Furthermore, there are 3 additional genetic disorders that cause clinical syndromes that mimic FH.

Characterization of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene mutations in Albania.

Introduction: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a clinical syndrome characterised by elevated serum total cholesterol (TCHOL) levels due to an increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, by tendon xanthomata and clinical manifestations of ischaemic heart disease in early life. Typically, it results from mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene. So far, more than 800 mutations have been reported for the LDLR gene and account for FH.