There is a demand for new quick-acting treatments for affective disorders, particularly through the use of 3α-reduced neurosteroids like allopregnanolone, which enhance GABA receptor activity.
These neurosteroids are produced by the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO), which also influences mitochondrial function and has anti-inflammatory properties.
Recent developments show that TSPO ligands and 3α-reduced neurosteroids, including etifoxine and brexanolone, could offer promising treatment options for conditions like depression and anxiety.