Publications by authors named "Xavier S"
Background And Aim: We aimed to develop and validate a simple capsule endoscopy (CE) training assessment tool, the Capsule Endoscopy Training Assessment (CETA), and prospectively use it to analyze the learning progression achieved by participants in our CE training program.
Methods: Over a 3-year period, all participants in our CE training program completed pre-training and post-training CETA, ranging between 0% and 100%, and encompassing theoretical questions and interpretation of segmented CE videos. We compared the mean differences in overall, theoretical, and practical pre-training and post-training CETA, and assessed the influence of previous endoscopic experience (upper gastrointestinal endoscopy [UGE], colonoscopy, device-assisted enteroscopy [DAE] and CE) using generalized linear models.
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to review and meta-analyze RNA sequencing research comparing brain tissue from Alzheimer's disease patients to control subjects, focusing on study quality and identifying important genes and pathways linked to the disease.
- - Researchers examined 3,266 published studies and included 24 that met their criteria, discovering 571 differentially expressed genes in the temporal lobe and 189 in the frontal lobe, highlighting pathways like "Tube morphogenesis" and "Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction."
- - The review faced challenges due to study differences and limited data but emphasizes that thorough methods are crucial for understanding Alzheimer's transcriptomic changes, which can help in the development of biomarkers and treatments.
Unusual partners: a rare cause of small bowel bulges and a common cause of anemia.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig
October 2024
Article Synopsis
- * Imaging showed intestinal pneumatosis in her proximal jejunum and right colon, and upper endoscopy diagnosed non-atrophic gastritis with an H.pylori infection, which was treated.
- * A small bowel capsule endoscopy and enteroscopy revealed bulging areas in the bowel, which were treated successfully using coagulation and clips, resulting in the patient being asymptomatic and free from anemia after six months.
Article Synopsis
- Cervical cancer (CC) is a significant public health issue in Brazil, particularly in Mato Grosso, where late diagnoses and geographical challenges complicate treatment outcomes.
- A study analysis revealed that the hospital mortality rate for CC patients was 9.88%, with a median survival of 43.7% and significant factors affecting survival, such as age, surgical procedures, and ICU usage.
- The findings emphasize the urgent need for improved healthcare strategies, including better early diagnosis and increased access to quality services for cervical cancer patients in Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- South Korea introduced a combined vaccine for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, and type b invasive infections (DTaP-IPV/Hib) for infants starting at 2 months old in 2018, and a study evaluated its safety from 2018 to 2022.
- In total, 646 out of 660 infants were monitored for 30 days after vaccination, and 22.1% experienced adverse events (AEs), primarily mild issues like fever, injection site swelling, and irritability.
- The study found that most AEs were not serious, with very few leading to serious adverse events (SAEs), confirming that the DTaP-IPV/H
Purpose: To assess the efficacy and safety of a sticky dual-phase porcine-derived bone substitute, compared to a similar non-adhesive graft, in addressing induced perforations of the Schneider membrane during sinus lift using a within-subject design rabbit model.
Materials And Methods: Bilateral sinus floor elevations were performed in 12 rabbits. The sinus mucosa was intentionally perforated using a blade on both sides and randomly filled with either a cortico-cancellous bone embedded in a 20% thermosensitive gel (GTO sticky bone test) or a cortical cancellous bone and 10% collagen (mp3 control).
Cutting-edge 3-dimensional technologies like 3-dimensional printing and extended reality visualization provide novel, immersive ways to understand and interact with volumetric medical imaging data for preprocedural planning. We present a case that illustrates the utility of these techniques in a patient requiring a complex transcatheter intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibiotics are often prescribed inappropriately, either when they are not needed or with an unnecessarily broad spectrum of activity. This is a serious problem that can lead to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study was conducted to assess the antibiotic prescribing pattern in pediatric patients hospitalized at a quaternary hospital in Nampula, Mozambique, using the WHO indicators and Framework as a reference.
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- Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is utilized to diagnose common bile duct (CBD) dilation in patients who show no issues in initial imaging tests like ultrasound or CT scans.
- In a study of 109 patients, EUS identified underlying conditions in 41 patients, predominantly choledocholithiasis and chronic pancreatitis; the likelihood of a positive EUS increased with factors like age, jaundice, and abnormal liver tests.
- The findings suggest that EUS is effective for unexplained CBD dilation, particularly for older patients or those with specific symptoms, and certain CBD size measurements can help predict positive EUS outcomes in asymptomatic individuals.
Background: The effectiveness of dengue control interventions depends on an effective integrated surveillance system that involves analysis of multiple variables associated with the natural history and transmission dynamics of this arbovirus. Entomological indicators associated with other biotic and abiotic parameters can assertively characterize the spatiotemporal trends related to dengue transmission risk. However, the unpredictability of the non-linear nature of the data, as well as the uncertainty and subjectivity inherent in biological data are often neglected in conventional models.
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- Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a hereditary condition that increases the risk of lung and liver diseases, particularly associated with the Pi*Z genetic mutation.
- A study involving 69 patients identified key factors influencing liver fibrosis, including age over 50, early diagnosis age, low AAT levels, and various metabolic risk factors, with those having a Pi*Z allele and type 2 diabetes at heightened risk.
- An algorithm for liver disease screening in AATD patients was developed to assist primary care providers in identifying individuals needing further liver evaluation.
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the biological behavior of a novel implant design incorporating decompressive cervical blades. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the healing outcomes in cortical regions where decompressive protocols were implemented using implants equipped with blades and installed applying a bicortical anchorage.
Materials And Methods: Blades with varying diameters were integrated into the coronal portion of the implant to prepare the cortical region of rabbit tibiae.
Subcutaneous versus intravenous infliximab therapy - a real-world study: toward higher drug concentrations.
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol
November 2024
Article Synopsis
- A new subcutaneous form of infliximab (SC-IFX) has been approved for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and shows improved pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity compared to the intravenous form (IV-IFX), while maintaining similar safety and efficacy levels.
- This study aimed to analyze the outcomes for IBD patients who switched from IV-IFX to SC-IFX, focusing on clinical, biochemical, and pharmacological changes over a 6-month follow-up.
- Results indicated that all 41 patients remained in clinical remission, with significantly higher serum concentrations of infliximab observed after the switch, while other biochemical markers showed no significant differences.*
Chagas disease (CD), caused by the protozoan , is an important public health problem, occurring mainly in Latin America. The disease has a major social and economical effect, negatively impacting the life of the infected individuals, and bringing great costs to public health. An early and accurate diagnosis is essential for administration of early treatment.
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- The study focuses on Crohn's disease (CD) that affects the small bowel, specifically looking at how inflammation in the upper parts (duodenum and jejunum) impacts patient outcomes.
- Researchers analyzed 53 patients who underwent Capsule Endoscopy to measure inflammation levels in different segments of the small bowel.
- Findings revealed that those with inflammation in both upper and lower parts had significantly worse inflammation levels, resulting in a higher likelihood of needing advanced treatment options like biologic drugs.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates sleep disturbances and epilepsy in patients with SYNGAP1-associated syndrome, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder that leads to intellectual disability and other challenges.
- - An online survey involving 11 caregivers revealed that 82% of patients experienced epilepsy, with a significant number showing drug-resistant seizures and poor sleep habits, as assessed by standardized questionnaires.
- - Findings indicate that both patients and caregivers struggle with sleep quality, underscoring the need for further research and interventions aimed at improving sleep and overall quality of life in individuals affected by this syndrome.
This prospective study aims to evaluate dental pain, anxiety, and catastrophizing levels in pregnant women undergoing root canal treatment. Sixty pregnant and non-pregnant women presenting dental pain and an indication for root canal treatment were included in the study. Dental anxiety and catastrophizing were investigated using validated questionnaires.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTOP 100 and detection of colorectal lesions in colon capsule endoscopy: more than meets the eye.
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- Colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) is used to detect colorectal lesions, and a study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of the TOP 100 software for this purpose compared to traditional reading methods.
- In the retrospective study involving 188 patients, TOP 100 demonstrated high sensitivity (92.5%) and good overall accuracy (87.2%) in identifying various colorectal lesions, particularly excelling in detecting non-polyp lesions with 100% accuracy.
- The results suggest that TOP 100 is an effective tool for assisting clinicians in detecting colorectal lesions during CCE, indicating its potential to enhance diagnostic procedures in cases of incomplete colonoscopy.
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the association of anxiety, headache, and insomnia on the QoL of patients with long COVID-19.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey between August 2020 and March 2023. A total of 200 participants were eligible, 53 were excluded and 147 patients with long COVID were included.
Recombinant multiepitope proteins (RMPs) are a promising alternative for application in diagnostic tests and, given their wide application in the most diverse diseases, this review article aims to survey the use of these antigens for diagnosis, as well as discuss the main points surrounding these antigens. RMPs usually consisting of linear, immunodominant, and phylogenetically conserved epitopes, has been applied in the experimental diagnosis of various human and animal diseases, such as leishmaniasis, brucellosis, cysticercosis, Chagas disease, hepatitis, leptospirosis, leprosy, filariasis, schistosomiasis, dengue, and COVID-19. The synthetic genes for these epitopes are joined to code a single RMP, either with spacers or fused, with different biochemical properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging is associated with a priming of microglia such that they are hypersensitive to further immune challenges. As such high-fat diet during aging can have detrimental effects on cognition that is not seen in the young. However, conflicting findings also suggest that obesity may protect against cognitive decline during aging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChagas disease, caused by the protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi, continues to be a serious public health problem in Latin America, worsened by the limitations in its detection. Given the importance of developing new diagnostic methods for this disease, the present review aimed to verify the number of publications dedicated to research on peptides that demonstrate their usefulness in serodiagnosis. To this end, a bibliographic survey was conducted on the PubMed platform using the keyword "peptide" or "epitope" combined with "Chagas disease" or "Trypanosoma cruzi"; "diagno*" or "serodiagnosis" or "immunodiagnosis", without period restriction.
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