Canonical correlation analysis as a statistical method to relate underwater acoustic propagation and ocean fluctuations.

Numerical models are currently used to understand how environmental fluctuations impact acoustic propagation. Such a process can be tedious in complex fluctuating environments. This letter proposes a complementary approach based upon canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to determine statistical relationships between two sets of observed acoustic and oceanographic variables.

Scattering of low-frequency acoustic waves from a moving source by the sea surface.

This paper examines the scattering of a monochromatic acoustic wave by sea-surface gravity waves in the 1-200 Hz frequency range. The source is moving in a straight line at a constant speed, and the acoustic waves are traveling upward in a refractive channel. Considering the scales of the problem, the small perturbation method coupled with the normal-mode theory and an asymptotic analysis are used to derive the first-order scattered pressure field p.

Understanding deep-water striation patterns and predicting the waveguide invariant as a distribution depending on range and depth.

The Waveguide Invariant (WI) theory has been introduced to quantify the orientation of the intensity interference patterns in a range-frequency domain. When the sound speed is constant over the water column, the WI is a scalar with the canonical value of 1. But, when considering shallow waters with a stratified sound speed profile, the WI ceases to be constant and is more appropriately described by a distribution, which is mainly sensitive to source/receiver depths.