[Long-term prognosis of women with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. a case-control study].

Background And Objectives: Women with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction have a worse prognosis than men. However, information about the prognosis of women with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS) is scarce. The aim of this study was to determine if the long-term prognosis of men and women with NSTEACS differs.

Environmental co-factors in HPV carcinogenesis.

Epidemiological studies have shown that only a small fraction of women infected with oncogenic HPV types will eventually progress to high-grade intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and cervical cancer (CC). Because infection by oncogenic HPVs is a necessary but not a sufficient cause of CC, it has been assumed that other factors, acting in conjunction with HPV, influence the risk of transition from cervical HPV infection to cervical malignancy. This paper reviews the epidemiological evidence for the role of environmental co-factors in HPV carcinogenesis as assessed from selected studies that report associations within a well-defined HPV-DNA positive group.

The viral etiology of cervical cancer.

Epidemiological studies supported by molecular technology have provided sufficient evidence on the causal role of some Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections in the development of cervical cancer. This association has been evaluated under all proposed sets of causality criteria and endorsed by the scientific community and major review institutes. HPV has been proposed as the first-ever identified, necessary cause of a human cancer.

Prognostic value of clinical variables at presentation in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: results of the Proyecto de Estudio del Pronóstico de la Angina (PEPA).

Patients with suspected non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS) constitute a heterogeneous population with variable outcomes. Risk stratification in this population of patients is difficult due to the complexity in patient risk profile. We conducted this study to characterize the value of clinical and electrocardiographic variables for risk stratification in an unselected population of consecutive patients with NSTEACS on admission.

Elevation of serum levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 and decreased risk of coronary events in patients with unstable angina.

Background: Inflammation is an important phenomenon in atherosclerotic plaque growth and in plaque instability. Cytokines are nuclear mediators in the inflammatory response; some have proinflammatory and others anti-inflammatory roles. Proinflammatory cytokines have been associated with worse outcomes in unstable angina.

Herpes simplex virus-2 as a human papillomavirus cofactor in the etiology of invasive cervical cancer.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of invasive cervical cancer, but cofactors may act in conjunction with HPV. We performed a pooled analysis of seven case-control studies to examine the effect of one possible HPV cofactor, herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) infection, in the etiology of invasive cervical cancer.

Methods: Blood and exfoliated cervical specimens were obtained from 1263 case patients with invasive cervical cancer (1158 with squamous-cell carcinomas and 105 with adeno- or adenosquamous-cell carcinomas) and 1117 age-matched control subjects.