Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes Intervention Evaluations: A Scoping Review of Research Methods.

Introduction: Since its inception in 2003, the Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) tele-education model has reached and improved outcomes for patients, providers, and health centers through interventions in >180 countries. Utilization of this model has recently increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic and a higher demand for remote education. However, limited research has examined the methodologies used to evaluate Project ECHO interventions.

Recruiting historically under-represented individuals into Project ECHO Diabetes: using barrier analysis to understand disparities in clinical research in the USA.

Objectives: Individuals under-recruited in diabetes research studies include those not seen at endocrinology centres and those from rural, low socioeconomic and/or under-represented racial/ethnic groups. The purpose of this descriptive analysis is to detail recruitment and retention efforts of Project ECHO Diabetes clinical sites affiliated with Stanford University and University of Florida.

Design: Prospective collection of participant engagement and qualitative analysis of barriers and facilitators of research engagement within Project ECHO Diabetes, a virtual tele-education programme for healthcare providers in the management of individuals with insulin-requiring diabetes.

Using Peer Power to Reduce Health Disparities: Implementation of a Diabetes Support Coach Program in Federally Qualified Health Centers.

Community health workers (CHWs) provide vital support to underserved communities in the promotion of health equity by addressing barriers related to the social determinants of health that often prevent people living with diabetes from achieving optimal health outcomes. Peer support programs in diabetes can also offer people living with diabetes invaluable support through a shared understanding of the disease and by offsetting diabetes-related stigma. As part of a Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) Diabetes program, participating federally qualified healthcare centers were provided diabetes support coaches (DSCs) to facilitate patient engagement.

Democratizing type 1 diabetes specialty care in the primary care setting to reduce health disparities: project extension for community healthcare outcomes (ECHO) T1D.

Introduction: Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) is a tele-education outreach model that seeks to democratize specialty knowledge to reduce disparities and improve health outcomes. Limited utilization of endocrinologists forces many primary care providers (PCPs) to care for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) without specialty support. Accordingly, an ECHO T1D program was developed and piloted in Florida and California.

Barriers to Technology Use and Endocrinology Care for Underserved Communities With Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: Disparities in type 1 diabetes related to use of technologies like continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) and utilization of diabetes care are pronounced based on socioeconomic status (SES), race, and ethnicity. However, systematic reports of perspectives from patients in vulnerable communities regarding barriers are limited.

Research Design And Methods: To better understand barriers, focus groups were conducted in Florida and California with adults ≥18 years old with type 1 diabetes with selection criteria including hospitalization for diabetic ketoacidosis, HbA >9%, and/or receiving care at a Federally Qualified Health Center.