Young Patients With Colorectal Cancer Have Higher Early Mortality but Better Long-Term Survival.

Introduction: To define the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) in young patients and to compare their postoperative treatment with that of older patients.

Methods: This multicenter study enrolled 5,457 patients with primary CRC who underwent surgical resection. The overall survival (OS), clinicopathologic characteristics, and postoperative treatment of 253 young patients aged 18-44 years and 5,204 older patients aged 44-80 years were analyzed.

Nanoparticle elasticity regulates the formation of cell membrane-coated nanoparticles and their nano-bio interactions.

Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles are emerging as a new type of promising nanomaterials for immune evasion and targeted delivery. An underlying premise is that the unique biological functions of natural cell membranes can be conferred on the inherent physiochemical properties of nanoparticles by coating them with a cell membrane. However, the extent to which the membrane protein properties are preserved on these nanoparticles and the consequent bio-nano interactions are largely unexplored.

GPX2 Gene Affects Feed Efficiency of Pigs by Inhibiting Fat Deposition and Promoting Muscle Development.

GPX2 has been recognized as a potential candidate gene for feed efficiency in pigs. This article aimed to elucidate polymorphism of GPX2 associated with feed efficiency and its related molecular mechanism. In this study, seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of GPX2 were found among 383 Duroc pigs.

Ticagrelor Aspirin vs Clopidogrel Aspirin in Loss-of-Function Carriers With Minor Stroke or TIA Stratified by Risk Profile.

Background And Objective: Genotype data of the Clopidogrel with Aspirin in Acute Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (CHANCE) trial showed that efficacy of clopidogrel aspirin depended on genotype and risk profile. A stratification of patients who carried loss-of-function (LOF) alleles according to the risk of recurrent stroke may be important for selecting optimal antiplatelet therapy. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor aspirin with clopidogrel aspirin in LOF carriers with minor stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) stratified by risk profile.

Tubular epithelial cells-derived small extracellular vesicle-VEGF-A promotes peritubular capillary repair in ischemic kidney injury.

Peritubular capillaries (PTCs) are closely related to renal tubules in structure and function, and both are pivotal regulators in the development and progression of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the mechanisms that underlie the interaction between PTCs and tubules during AKI remain unclear. Here we explored a new mode of tubulovascular crosstalk mediated by small extracellular vesicles (sEV) after AKI.

Automated Classification of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumors and Inflammatory Demyelinating Lesions Using Deep Learning.

Accurate differentiation of intramedullary spinal cord tumors and inflammatory demyelinating lesions and their subtypes are warranted because of their overlapping characteristics at MRI but with different treatments and prognosis. The authors aimed to develop a pipeline for spinal cord lesion segmentation and classification using two-dimensional MultiResUNet and DenseNet121 networks based on T2-weighted images. A retrospective cohort of 490 patients (118 patients with astrocytoma, 130 with ependymoma, 101 with multiple sclerosis [MS], and 141 with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders [NMOSD]) was used for model development, and a prospective cohort of 157 patients (34 patients with astrocytoma, 45 with ependymoma, 33 with MS, and 45 with NMOSD) was used for model testing.

Elevated Placental microRNA-155 Is a Biomarker of a Preeclamptic Subtype.

Background: Preeclampsia is a complicated syndrome with marked heterogeneity. The biomarker-based classification for this syndrome is more constructive to the targeted prevention and treatment of preeclampsia. It has been reported that preeclamptic patients had elevated microRNA-155 (miR-155) in placentas or circulation.

Generation of a humanized afucosylated BAFF-R antibody with broad activity against human B-cell malignancies.

B-cell activating factor receptor (BAFF-R) is a mature B-cell survival receptor, which is highly expressed in a wide variety of B-cell malignancies but with minimal expression in immature B cells. These properties make BAFF-R an attractive target for therapy of B-cell lymphomas. We generated a novel humanized anti BAFF-R monoclonal antibody (mAb) with high specificity and potent in vitro and in vivo activity against B-cell lymphomas and leukemias.

An FcRn-targeted mucosal vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission.

SARS-CoV-2 and its variants cause COVID-19, which is primarily transmitted through droplets and airborne aerosols. To prevent viral infection and reduce viral spread, vaccine strategies must elicit protective immunity in the airways. FcRn transfers IgG across epithelial barriers; we explore FcRn-mediated respiratory delivery of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S).

Lp-PLA (Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A) Deficiency Lowers Cholesterol Levels and Protects Against Atherosclerosis in Rabbits.

Background: Elevated plasma Lp-PLA (lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A) activity is closely associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. However, whether and how Lp-PLA is directly involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is still unclear. To examine the hypothesis that Lp-PLA could be a potential preventative target of atherosclerosis, we generated Lp-PLA knockout rabbits and investigated the pathophysiological functions of Lp-PLA.

Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) Versus Laser Assisted Stromal In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) for Astigmatism Corrections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: To compare small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and laser assisted stromal in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for astigmatism correction.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis METHODS: We reviewed published studies comparing outcomes after LASIK and SMILE for astigmatism correction by querying PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science, with a cut-off date of September 3, 2022. We also compared the changes in visual acuity, refraction, and high-order aberrations between the surgeries.

A pH-sensitive DNA tetrahedron for targeted release of anthracyclines: Binding properties investigation and cytotoxicity evaluation.

The anticancer efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents can be enhanced by the loading of DNA nanostructures, which is closely related to their interactions. This study achieved pH-responsive and targeted anthracycline delivery using i-motif and MUC1 aptamer co-modified DNA tetrahedron (MUC1-TD). The thermodynamic parameters for the binding of doxorubicin (DOX) and epirubicin (EPI) to MUC1-TD at pHs 7.

Blocking MG53 Phosphorylation Protects Diabetic Heart From Ischemic Injury.

Background: As an integral component of cell membrane repair machinery, MG53 (mitsugumin 53) is important for cardioprotection induced by ischemia preconditioning and postconditioning. However, it also impairs insulin signaling via its E3 ligase activity-mediated ubiquitination-dependent degradation of IR (insulin receptor) and IRS1 (insulin receptor substrate 1) and its myokine function-induced allosteric blockage of IR. Here, we sought to develop MG53 into a cardioprotection therapy by separating its detrimental metabolic effects from beneficial actions.

Indobufen or Aspirin on Top of Clopidogrel After Coronary Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation (OPTION): A Randomized, Open-Label, End Point-Blinded, Noninferiority Trial.

Background: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin as a background therapy has become the standard care after percutaneous coronary intervention. However, some adverse noncardiac effects limited the use of aspirin in clinical practice. Thus, evaluation of pharmacological alternatives to aspirin is attractive.

The Gene at the 15q26 Coronary-Artery-Disease Locus Inhibits Atherosclerosis.

Background: Genome-wide association studies have discovered a link between genetic variants on human chromosome 15q26.1 and increased coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility; however, the underlying pathobiological mechanism is unclear. This genetic locus contains the (FES proto-oncogene, tyrosine kinase) gene encoding a cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine kinase involved in the regulation of cell behavior.

Hippo-Yap Signaling Maintains Sinoatrial Node Homeostasis.

Background: The sinoatrial node (SAN) functions as the pacemaker of the heart, initiating rhythmic heartbeats. Despite its importance, the SAN is one of the most poorly understood cardiac entities because of its small size and complex composition and function. The Hippo signaling pathway is a molecular signaling pathway fundamental to heart development and regeneration.

Ticagrelor-Aspirin Versus Clopidogrel-Aspirin Among Loss-of-Function Carriers With Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack in Relation to Renal Function: A Post Hoc Analysis of the CHANCE-2 Trial.

Background: Evidence on the risk-benefit ratio of dual antiplatelet therapies among patients with stroke and impaired renal function is limited and inconsistent.

Objective: To investigate the effect of renal function on the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor-aspirin versus clopidogrel-aspirin treatment.

Design: Post hoc analysis of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Ultrasensitive sensors reveal the spatiotemporal landscape of lactate metabolism in physiology and disease.

Despite its central importance in cellular metabolism, many details remain to be determined regarding subcellular lactate metabolism and its regulation in physiology and disease, as there is sensitive spatiotemporal resolution of lactate distribution, and dynamics remains a technical challenge. Here, we develop and characterize an ultrasensitive, highly responsive, ratiometric lactate sensor, named FiLa, enabling the monitoring of subtle lactate fluctuations in living cells and animals. Utilizing FiLa, we demonstrate that lactate is highly enriched in mammalian mitochondria and compile an atlas of subcellular lactate metabolism that reveals lactate as a key hub sensing various metabolic activities.

Left Bundle Branch Pacing Versus Biventricular Pacing for Acute Cardiac Resynchronization in Patients With Heart Failure.

Background: Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) has emerged as an alternative to biventricular pacing (BVP) for delivering cardiac resynchronization therapy. We sought to compare the acute improvement of electrical and mechanical synchrony, and hemodynamics between LBBP and BVP in patients with heart failure and left bundle branch block.

Methods: LBBP and BVP were performed and compared in a crossover fashion in patients with heart failure and left bundle branch block undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation.

Specific Loss of ABCA1 (ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter A1) Suppresses TCR (T-Cell Receptor) Signaling and Provides Protection Against Atherosclerosis.

Background: ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1) mediates cholesterol efflux to apo AI to maintain cellular cholesterol homeostasis. The current study aims to investigate whether T-cell-specific deletion of ABCA1 modulates the phenotype/function of T cells and the development of atherosclerosis.

Methods: Mice with T-cell-specific deletion of ABCA1 on low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout () background () were generated by multiple steps of (cross)-breedings among , CD4-, and mice.

A haplodiploid mite adjusts fecundity and sex ratio in response to density changes during the reproductive period.

Population density is one of the main socio-environmental factors that have critical impacts on reproduction of animals. Consequently, they need to adjust their reproductive strategies in response to changes of local population density. In this study we used a haplodiploid spider mite, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher (Acari: Tetranychidae), to test how population density dynamics during the reproductive period altered female reproductive performance.

Genetic deconvolution of fetal and maternal cell-free DNA in maternal plasma enables next-generation non-invasive prenatal screening.

Current non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) analyzes circulating fetal cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in maternal peripheral blood for selected aneuploidies or microdeletion/duplication syndromes. Many genetic disorders are refractory to NIPS largely because the maternal genetic material constitutes most of the total cfDNA present in the maternal plasma, which hinders the detection of fetus-specific genetic variants. Here, we developed an innovative sequencing method, termed coordinative allele-aware target enrichment sequencing (COATE-seq), followed by multidimensional genomic analyses of sequencing read depth, allelic fraction, and linked single nucleotide polymorphisms, to accurately separate the fetal genome from the maternal background.

Association of Ultraprocessed Food Consumption With Risk of Dementia: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background And Objectives: There has been a growing body of evidence associating consumption of ultraprocessed foods (UPF) with adverse health outcomes including depression, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. However, whether UPF are associated with dementia is unknown. The authors investigated the associations between UPF and dementia incidence in the UK Biobank.

Area Postrema Syndrome in Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Background And Objectives: To report the frequency of area postrema syndrome (APS) in glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoglobulin G (GFAP-IgG)-positive patients and emphasize the importance of APS among the phenotypes in autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy.

Methods: Eight GFAP-IgG-positive cases with APS were retrospectively identified during 2015-2021. The APS phenotypes were described.