Novel MRI-based Hyper-Fused Radiomics for Predicting Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy in Breast Cancer.

Rationale And Objectives: To propose a novel MRI-based hyper-fused radiomic approach to predict pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in breast cancer (BC).

Materials And Methods: Pretreatment dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI and ultra-multi-b-value (UMB) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data were acquired in BC patients who received NAT followed by surgery at two centers. Hyper-fused radiomic features (RFs) and conventional RFs were extracted from DCE-MRI or UMB-DWI.

Characterization of auditory sensation in .

Research using the model organism nematode has greatly facilitated our understanding of sensory biology, including touch, olfaction, taste, vision and proprioception. While hearing had long been considered to be restricted to vertebrates and some arthropods, we recently discovered that is capable of sensing and responding to airborne sound in a frequency and sound source-size-dependent manner. auditory sensation occurs when airborne sound physically vibrates their external cuticle (skin) to activate the sound-sensitive mechanosensory FLP/PVD neurons via nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), triggering aversive phonotaxis behavior.

A tunable human intestinal organoid system achieves controlled balance between self-renewal and differentiation.

A balance between stem cell self-renewal and differentiation is required to maintain concurrent proliferation and cellular diversification in organoids; however, this has proven difficult in homogeneous cultures devoid of in vivo spatial niche gradients for adult stem cell-derived organoids. In this study, we leverage a combination of small molecule pathway modulators to enhance the stemness of organoid stem cells, thereby amplifying their differentiation potential and subsequently increasing cellular diversity within human intestinal organoids without the need for artificial spatial or temporal signaling gradients. Moreover, we demonstrate that this balance between self-renewal and differentiation can be effectively and reversibly shifted from secretory cell differentiation to the enterocyte lineage with enhanced proliferation using BET inhibitors, or unidirectional differentiation towards specific intestinal cell types by manipulating in vivo niche signals such as Wnt, Notch, and BMP.

Intravenous liposomal irinotecan in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer after ≥ 2 prior lines of chemotherapy: a phase Ib study.

This study (NCT04728035) aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of liposomal irinotecan (HE072) in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). This study consisted of two parts. In part 1, the 3 + 3 design was used to investigate three dose levels of HE072 (50, 70 and 90 mg/m).

Tenecteplase Thrombolysis for Stroke up to 24 Hours After Onset With Perfusion Imaging Selection: The CHABLIS-T II Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Whether it is effective and safe to extend the time window of intravenous thrombolysis up to 24 hours after the last known well is unknown. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of tenecteplase in Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large/medium vessel occlusion within an extended time window.

Methods: Patients with ischemic stroke presenting 4.

Transcriptional Reprogramming Deploys a Compartmentalized 'Timebomb' in Catharanthus roseus to Fend Off Chewing Herbivores.

The evolutionary arms race between plants and insects has led to key adaptive innovations that drive diversification. Alkaloids are well-documented anti-herbivory compounds in plant chemical defences, but how these specialized metabolites are allocated to cope with both biotic and abiotic stresses concomitantly is largely unknown. To examine how plants prioritize their metabolic resources responding to herbivory and cold, we integrated dietary toxicity bioassay in insects with co-expression analysis, hierarchical clustering, promoter assay, and protein-protein interaction in plants.

Arthroscopic V-Shaped Double-Pulley Suture-Bridge Repair of Massive Rotator Cuff Tear.

At present, suture bridge is a feasible choice in the treatment of massive rotator cuff tears (MRCTs). However, high tension on the repair site and medial tension during suture tightening and after medial knotting are unavoidable problems in MRCT repair with a suture bridge. Arthroscopic V-shaped double-pulley suture-bridge repair is a pragmatic surgical technique for the repair of MRCTs.

Diagnostic Efficacy of Ventilation-Perfusion Single Photo Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography for Pulmonary Hypertension due to Fibrinous Mediastinitis.

Rationale And Objectives: Comprehensive data on the use of ventilation-perfusion single-photo emission computed tomography/computed tomography (V/Q SPECT/CT), an established diagnostic tool for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, in identifying pulmonary hypertension secondary to fibrinous mediastinitis (PH-FM) is scarce. This study aimed to assess its diagnostic efficacy for PH-FM.

Materials And Methods: Patients with PH due to pulmonary artery stenosis were assessed using V/Q SPECT/CT, computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA), and digital subtraction pulmonary angiography (PAG).

ACKR1ECs Promote Aortic Dissection Through Adjusting Macrophage Behavior.

Background: Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is a life-threatening condition characterized by complex pathophysiology, in which macrophages play a critical but not yet fully understood role. This study focused on the role of endothelial cells with elevated expression of ACKR1 (atypical chemokine receptor 1) and their interaction with proinflammatory macrophages in TAAD development.

Methods And Results: Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of human aortic tissues revealed increased populations of endothelial cells exhibiting high ACKR1 expression and proinflammatory macrophages in TAAD samples.

Association Between Time to Treatment and Outcomes of Endovascular Therapy vs Medical Management in Patients With Large Ischemic Stroke.

Background And Objectives: Randomized trials have proven the benefit of endovascular therapy (EVT) for acute large ischemic stroke. This study was to characterize the effect of time to treatment on benefit of EVT vs medical management (MM) among patients with large ischemic stroke.

Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of the Endovascular Therapy in Acute Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusive Patients with a Large Infarct Core randomized trial.

Manipulation of Unconventional Spin Polarization in Non-Collinear Exchange-Spring Magnetic Structures.

Manipulating the polarization of spin current is essential for understanding the mechanism of charge-to-spin conversion and achieving efficient electrically driven magnetization switching. Here, a novel exchange-spring magnetic structure is introduced formed by the coupling of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) CoTb and in-plane magnetic anisotropy (IMA) Co films. When a spin current with the polarization along the y-direction flows through this exchange-spring (x-z plane) structure, the interaction between the y-spin and the local exchange field with a non-collinear spatial distribution gives rise to substantial unconventional spin polarizations in the x- and z-directions, enabling field-free spin-orbit torque driven perpendicular magnetization switching at room temperature.

Virtual MR Elastography and Multi-b-value DWI Models for Predicting Microvascular Invasion in Solitary BCLC Stage A Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate the performance of virtual MR elastography (vMRE) for predicting microvascular invasion (MVI) in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage A (≤ 5.0 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to construct a combined nomogram based on vMRE, multi-b-value DWI models, and clinical-radiological (CR) features.

Methods: Consecutive patients with suspected HCC who underwent multi-b-value DWI examinations were prospectively collected.

Identification of Circulating Proteins Associated With Blood Pressure.

Background: Circulating proteins in blood are involved in various physiological processes, but their contributions to blood pressure regulation remain partially understood. In traditional observational studies, identifying circulating proteins causally associated with blood pressure is challenging because of potentially unmeasured confounding and possible reverse causality.

Methods: Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted to estimate the causal effects of 2270 circulating proteins (data sourced from 8 genome-wide association studies) on diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure.

Pulsed Field Ablation of Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia: A Prospective Multicenter Single-Arm Study in China.

Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has gained attention in cardiac electrophysiology, but data on its application to paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia are limited. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of PFA and its combination with radiofrequency ablation for treating paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.

Methods: A prospective, multicenter, single-arm study was conducted across 8 centers in China.

Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography Radiomics Predicts Colony-Stimulating Factor 3 Expression and Clinical Prognosis in Ovarian Cancer.

Rationale And Objectives: To develop a radiomics model for non-invasive prediction of colony-stimulating factor 3 (CSF3) expression in ovarian cancer (OC) and evaluate its prognostic value.

Materials And Methods: We acquired clinical data, genetic information, and corresponding computed tomography (CT) scans of OC from The Cancer Genome Atlas and The Cancer Imaging Archive repositories. We assessed the prognostic significance of CSF3 and its association with clinical features through the utilization of Kaplan-Meier analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, along with subgroup analysis.

Pedunculoside alleviates cognitive deficits and neuronal cell apoptosis by activating the AMPK signaling cascade.

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction emerges as an early pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are pivotal in the initiation of neuronal cell apoptosis. Pedunculoside(Ped), a novel triterpene saponin derived from the dried barks of Ilex rotunda Thunb, exhibits a potent anti-inflammatory effect.

[18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake as a Marker of Residual Anaplastic and Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Following BRAF-Targeted Therapy.

Background And Purpose: Neoadjuvant BRAF-directed therapy and immunotherapy followed by surgery improves survival in patients with BRAF-mutant anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), more so in those who have complete ATC pathologic response. This study assesses the ability of FDG-PET to non-invasively detect residual high-risk pathologies including ATC and poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) in the preoperative setting.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective, single-center study included consecutive BRAF-mutant ATC patients treated with at least 30 days of neoadjuvant BRAF-directed therapy and who underwent FDG-PET/CT within 30 days prior to surgery.

Improving Prediction Accuracy of Residual Axillary Lymph Node Metastases in Node-Positive Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Radiomics Analysis of Ultrasound-Guided Clip Locations Using the SHAP Method.

Rationale And Objectives: To construct a radiomics nomogram derived from multiparametric ultrasound (US) imaging using the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method for the accurate identification of residual axillary lymph node metastases post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) among patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Methods: A total of 405 consecutive patients with pathologically confirmed TNBC between 2016 and 2023 were recruited in the study and were divided into training (n = 284) and validation cohorts (n = 121). Radiomics features capturing detailed tumor characteristics were extracted from pre-NAC gray-scale US images at the locations of US-guided clip placement.

Belimumab safety in adult and paediatric Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A Phase 4, multicentre, observational study.

Objective: Although belimumab has been widely used in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) globally, real-world safety data among Chinese patients are limited, particularly for children. This study assessed the safety and tolerability of belimumab in adult and paediatric patients with SLE in China in real-world clinical practice.

Methods: This Phase 4, multicentre, prospective, observational study enrolled patients prescribed intravenous belimumab by their physicians in tertiary hospitals, independent of a clinical study, during routine clinical visits between May 2021 and May 2022.

Neuroimaging Correlates with Clinical Severity in Wilson Disease: A Multiparametric Quantitative Brain MRI.

Background And Purpose: Previous studies have reported metal accumulation and microstructure changes in deep gray nuclei (DGN) in Wilson disease (WD). However, there are limited studies that investigate whether there is metal accumulation and microstructure changes in DGN of patients with WD with normal-appearing routine MRI. This study aimed to evaluate multiparametric changes in DGN of WD and whether the findings correlate with clinical severity in patients with WD.