Machine Learning Model for Risk Stratification of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Based on Radiopathomics.

Rationale And Objectives: This study aims to develop a radiopathomics model based on preoperative ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) images to enable accurate, non-invasive preoperative risk stratification for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The model seeks to enhance clinical decision-making by optimizing preoperative treatment strategies.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from PTC patients who underwent thyroidectomy between October 2022 and May 2024 across six centers.

Biosynthesis of 10-Hydroxy-2-Decenoic Acid in Escherichia coli.

10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), a unique unsaturated fatty acid present in royal jelly, has attracted considerable interest due to its potential medical applications. However, its low concentration in royal jelly and complex conformational structure present challenges for large-scale production. In this study, we designed and constructed a de novo biosynthetic pathway for 10-HDA in Escherichia coli.

iDIA-QC: AI-empowered data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry-based quality control.

Quality control (QC) in mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics is mainly based on data-dependent acquisition (DDA) analysis of standard samples. Here, we collect 2754 files acquired by data independent acquisition (DIA) and paired 2638 DDA files from mouse liver digests using 21 mass spectrometers across nine laboratories over 31 months. Our data demonstrate that DIA-based LC-MS/MS-related consensus QC metrics exhibit higher sensitivity compared to DDA-based QC metrics in detecting changes in LC-MS status.

Early Versus Delayed Antihypertensive Treatment After Acute Ischemic Stroke by Hypertension History.

Background: We performed a prespecified subgroup analysis of the CATIS-2 trial (China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke II) to compare the effect of early versus delayed antihypertensive treatment on death and disability in patients with and without medical history of hypertension.

Methods: CATIS-2 is a multicenter randomized clinical trial conducted in 106 hospitals in China. The trial randomized 4810 patients with acute ischemic stroke within 24 to 48 hours of symptom onset and elevated systolic blood pressure between 140 and <220 mm Hg to receive antihypertensive treatment immediately after randomization or to discontinue antihypertensive medications for 7 days and then receive treatment on day 8.

A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study of Socazolimab or placebo combined with carboplatin and etoposide in the first-line treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.

This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04878016) conducted in 54 hospitals in China. Adults who were histologically diagnosed and never treated for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) were enrolled.

Advances in biopharmaceutical products for hemophilia.

Hemophilia is caused by the deficiency of clotting factors due to a single genetic abnormality. Replacement therapies have evolved from plasma-derived to recombinant coagulation factor concentrates but continue to have certain limitations. Monoclonal antibodies are clinical prophylactic treatment options unaffected by inhibitors and have better compliance than coagulation factor concentrates for patients with hemophilia.

General anesthesia induces acute cell-free DNA methylation changes in peripheral blood.

Background: Short-term and long-term adverse events could occur after general anesthesia (GA) and the specific mechanism driving these effects has not yet been well-characterized. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the global effect of GA on DNA methylation in the cell-free DNA (cfDNA) of surgical lung-nodule patients.

Methods: This large retrospective cohort study enrolled 1,006 surgical lung nodule patients (529 pre-anesthesia, and 477 post-anesthesia).

Mapping fetal brain development of 10 weeks gestational age with 9.4T postmortem MRI and histological sections.

Background And Purpose: The 10th week of gestational age (GA) is a critical period for evaluating brain development, but there is limited knowledge regarding the specific characteristics at this GA. This study is to map the brain structures at 10 weeks GA using 9.4T MRI and histological sections.

Integrative mapping of human CD8 T cells in inflammation and cancer.

CD8 T cells exhibit remarkable phenotypic diversity in inflammation and cancer. However, a comprehensive understanding of their clonal landscape and dynamics remains elusive. Here we introduce scAtlasVAE, a deep-learning-based model for the integration of large-scale single-cell RNA sequencing data and cross-atlas comparisons.

Prediction for children with autism spectrum disorder based on digital behavioral features during free play.

Background: Play is an indispensable and meaningful activity in children's daily life. Research has shown that autistic children often exhibit differences in play development. The core traits of autism, such as distinct patterns in social interaction and communication, focused interests, and repetitive behaviors, frequently manifest in their play.

Single-point mutated lanmodulin as a high-performance MRI contrast agent for vascular and kidney imaging.

Magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents can enhance diagnostic precision but often face limitations such as short imaging windows, low tissue specificity, suboptimal contrast enhancement, or potential toxicity, which affect resolution and long-term monitoring. Here, we present a protein contrast agent based on lanmodulin, engineered with a single-point mutation at position 108 from N to D to yield maximum gadolinium binding sites. After loading with Gd ions, the resulting protein complex, LanND-Gd, exhibits efficient renal clearance, high relaxivity, and prolonged renal retention compared to commercial agents.

Inflammation, tertiary lymphoid structures, and lung cancer: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: The intricate interplay between inflammation and lung cancer has long been recognized by large number of studies, yet a comprehensive understanding of this relationship remains elusive. There is a clinical need to elucidate the role of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) in lung cancer, particularly their impact on prognosis and therapy. This study aims to address these gaps by conducting a bibliometric analysis to explore the correlations between lung cancer, inflammation, and TLS, highlighting collaborative networks, publication trends, and emerging research directions.

Exposure-lag response of surface net solar radiation on lung cancer incidence: a global time-series analysis.

Background: Recently, the impact of solar radiation (RAD) on diseases worldwide has garnered growing attention. However, the association between RAD and lung cancer remains largely unknow and no consensus has been reached. The aim of this study was to investigate the lag exposure-response of RAD on lung cancer and provide robust scientific evidence for updating prevention and treatment strategies of lung cancer.

Trem2/Tyrobp Signaling Protects Against Aortic Dissection and Rupture by Inhibiting Macrophage Activation in Mice.

Background: The development of aortic dissection (AD) is closely associated with inflammation. The Trem2 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2)/Tyrobp (TYRO protein tyrosine kinase-binding protein) signaling pathway critically regulates innate immunity and has emerged as an important target in cardiovascular diseases; however, its role in AD remains unclear.

Methods: Transcriptome data from human and mouse ADs were used to perform differentially expressed gene-based protein-protein interaction network analyses.

CAR-Macrophage Therapy Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Background: Given the growing acknowledgment of the detrimental effects of excessive myocardial fibrosis on pathological remodeling after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R), targeting the modulation of myocardial fibrosis may offer protective and therapeutic advantages. However, effective clinical interventions and therapies that target myocardial fibrosis remain limited. As a promising chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cell therapy, whether CAR macrophages (CAR-Ms) can be used to treat I/R remains unclear.

Tailoring Energy Transfer in Mixed Eu/Tb Metal-Organic Frameworks for Ratiometric Temperature Sensing.

Eu/Tb metal-organic frameworks (Eu/Tb-MOFs), exhibiting Eu and Tb emissions, stand out as some of the most fascinating luminescent thermometers. As the relative thermal sensitivity model is limited to its lack of precision for fitting ratio of Eu and Tb emissions, accurately predicting the sensing performance of Eu/Tb-MOFs remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report a series of luminescent Eu/Tb-MOF thermometers, EuTbL, with excellent thermal sensitivity around physiological levels, achieved through the tuning energy transfer from ligands to Eu and Tb and between the Ln ions.

Gβγ dimers mediate low K stress-inhibited root growth via modulating auxin redistribution in Arabidopsis.

In the investigation of heterotrimeric G protein-mediated signal transduction in planta, their roles in the transmittance of low K stimuli remain to be elucidated. Here, we found that the primary root growth of wild-type Arabidopsis was gradually inhibited with the decrease of external K concentrations, while the primary root of the mutants for G protein β subunit AGB1 and γ subunits AGG1, AGG2 and AGG3 could still grow under low K conditions (LK). Exogenous NAA application attenuated primary root elongation in agb1 and agg1/2/3 but promoted the growth in wild-type seedlings under LK stress.

Effects of the Thiol Methyltransferase Inhibitor (±)-2,3-Dichloro--Methylbenzylamine (DCMB) on the Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of Vicagrel in Rats.

P2Y receptor inhibitors are commonly used in clinical antiplatelet therapy, typically alongside other medications. Vicagrel, a promising P2Y receptor inhibitor, has submitted a new drug marketing application to the United States Food and Drug Administration. Its primary metabolites and some metabolic pathways are identical to those of clopidogrel.

Evaluation of pancreatic iodine uptake and related influential factors in multiphase dual-energy CT.

Objectives: To establish normative values and identify potential factors influencing pancreatic iodine uptake using dual-energy CT (DECT).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included participants without pancreatic diseases undergoing DECT at two institutions with different platforms. Their protocols both included arterial phase (AP), portal venous phase (PP), and equilibrium phase (EP), defined as 35 s-40 s, 60 s-70 s, and 150 s-180 s after injection of contrast agent, respectively.