Diagnosis of liver hemangioma using magnetic resonance diffusion-derived vessel density (DDVD) pixelwise map: a preliminary descriptive study.

Background: Liver hemangiomas (HGs) are characterized by cavernous venous spaces delineated by a lining of vascular endothelial cells and interspersed with connective tissue septa. Typically, a liver HG has higher apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and T2 values than those of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and liver metastases, and lower ADC and T2 values than those of liver simple cysts. However, a portion of HGs shows ADC and T2 overlapping with those of HCC, liver metastasis, and simple cyst.

ACKR1ECs Promote Aortic Dissection Through Adjusting Macrophage Behavior.

Background: Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is a life-threatening condition characterized by complex pathophysiology, in which macrophages play a critical but not yet fully understood role. This study focused on the role of endothelial cells with elevated expression of ACKR1 (atypical chemokine receptor 1) and their interaction with proinflammatory macrophages in TAAD development.

Methods And Results: Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of human aortic tissues revealed increased populations of endothelial cells exhibiting high ACKR1 expression and proinflammatory macrophages in TAAD samples.

Radiomics of multimodal ultrasound for early prediction of pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.

Rationale And Objectives: To construct and validate a clinical-radiomics model based on radiomics features extracted from two-stage multimodal ultrasound and clinicopathologic information for early predicting pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients treated with NAC.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive women with biopsy-proven breast cancer undergoing multimodal US pretreatment and after two cycles of NAC and followed by surgery between January 2014 and November 2023 were retrospectively collected for clinical-radiomics model construction (n = 274) and retrospective test (n = 134). The predictive performance of it was further tested in a subsequent prospective internal test set recruited between January 2024 to July 2024 (n = 76).

Effects of Physical Activity and Inactivity on Microvasculature in Children: The Hong Kong Children Eye Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical activity and inactivity on the microvasculature in children, as measured from retinal photographs.

Methods: All participants were from the Hong Kong Children Eye Study, a population-based cross-sectional study of children aged 6 to 8 years. They received comprehensive ophthalmic examinations and retinal photography.

Radiomics Biomarkers to Predict Checkpoint Inhibitor Pneumonitis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Rationale And Objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, immune-related adverse events still occur, of which checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is the most common. We aimed to construct and validate a contrast-enhanced computed tomography-based radiomic nomogram to predict the probability of CIP before ICIs treatment in NSCLC.

ASGR1 Deficiency Inhibits Atherosclerosis in Western Diet-Fed Mice by Regulating Lipoprotein Metabolism and Promoting Cholesterol Efflux.

Background: Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of cardiovascular diseases. Clinical studies indicate that loss-of-function ASGR1 (asialoglycoprotein receptor 1) is significantly associated with lower plasma cholesterol levels and reduces cardiovascular disease risk. However, the effect of ASGR1 on atherosclerosis remains incompletely understood; whether inhibition of ASGR1 causes liver injury remains controversial.

Agonist antibody to guanylate cyclase receptor NPR1 regulates vascular tone.

Heart failure is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Elevated intracardiac pressures and myocyte stretch in heart failure trigger the release of counter-regulatory natriuretic peptides, which act through their receptor (NPR1) to affect vasodilation, diuresis and natriuresis, lowering venous pressures and relieving venous congestion. Recombinant natriuretic peptide infusions were developed to treat heart failure but have been limited by a short duration of effect.

Heritability and Genetic Factors of Astigmatism and Corneal Curvature: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: To systematically review and meta-analyze all reported heritability studies of refractive astigmatism (RA), corneal astigmatism (CA) and corneal curvature (CC), and evaluate the existing genetic associations of RA, CA and CC.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO ID: CRD42023447370).

Methods: Studies that reported the heritability and genetic associations of RA, CA and/or CC were identified from PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE (from inception to October 1, 2023).

Turning copper into an efficient and stable CO evolution catalyst beyond noble metals.

Using renewable electricity to convert CO into CO offers a sustainable route to produce a versatile intermediate to synthesize various chemicals and fuels. For economic CO-to-CO conversion at scale, however, there exists a trade-off between selectivity and activity, necessitating the delicate design of efficient catalysts to hit the sweet spot. We demonstrate here that copper co-alloyed with isolated antimony and palladium atoms can efficiently activate and convert CO molecules into CO.

Sirt1 Deficiency Promotes Age-Related AF Through Enhancing Atrial Necroptosis by Activation of RIPK1 Acetylation.

Background: Aging is one of the most potent risk determinants for the onset of atrial fibrillation (AF). Sirts (sirtuins) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, and their expression declines with aging. However, whether Sirts involved in age-related AF and its underlying mechanisms remain unknown.

Emerging Roles and Therapeutic Applications of Arachidonic Acid Pathways in Cardiometabolic Diseases.

Cardiometabolic disease has become a major health burden worldwide, with sharply increasing prevalence but highly limited therapeutic interventions. Emerging evidence has revealed that arachidonic acid derivatives and pathway factors link metabolic disorders to cardiovascular risks and intimately participate in the progression and severity of cardiometabolic diseases. In this review, we systemically summarized and updated the biological functions of arachidonic acid pathways in cardiometabolic diseases, mainly focusing on heart failure, hypertension, atherosclerosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, and diabetes.

Antibody-activation of connexin hemichannels in bone osteocytes with ATP release suppresses breast cancer and osteosarcoma malignancy.

Bone tissue represents the most frequent site of cancer metastasis. We developed a hemichannel-activating antibody, Cx43-M2. Cx43-M2, directly targeting osteocytes in situ, activates osteocytic hemichannels and elevates extracellular ATP, thereby inhibiting the growth and migration of cultured breast and osteosarcoma cancer cells.

Improved efficacy and safety of zanubrutinib versus ibrutinib in patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (R/R CLL) in China: a subgroup of ALPINE.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) has different epidemiology in Chinese vs. Western patients, but there are few studies of CLL/SLL in large populations of Chinese patients. ALPINE is a global phase 3 trial investigating Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors zanubrutinib vs.

Massively parallel in vivo Perturb-seq reveals cell-type-specific transcriptional networks in cortical development.

Leveraging AAVs' versatile tropism and labeling capacity, we expanded the scale of in vivo CRISPR screening with single-cell transcriptomic phenotyping across embryonic to adult brains and peripheral nervous systems. Through extensive tests of 86 vectors across AAV serotypes combined with a transposon system, we substantially amplified labeling efficacy and accelerated in vivo gene delivery from weeks to days. Our proof-of-principle in utero screen identified the pleiotropic effects of Foxg1, highlighting its tight regulation of distinct networks essential for cell fate specification of Layer 6 corticothalamic neurons.

Post-Transcriptional Modular Synthetic Receptors.

Inspired by the power of transcriptional synthetic receptors and hoping to complement them to expand the toolbox for cell engineering, we establish LIDAR (Ligand-Induced Dimerization Activating RNA editing), a modular post-transcriptional synthetic receptor platform that harnesses RNA editing by ADAR. LIDAR is compatible with various receptor architectures in different cellular contexts, and enables the sensing of diverse ligands and the production of functional outputs. Furthermore, LIDAR can sense orthogonal signals in the same cell and produce synthetic spatial patterns, potentially enabling the programming of complex multicellular behaviors.

Higher perfusion of rectum carcinoma relative to tumor-free rectal wall: quantification by a new imaging biomarker diffusion-derived vessel density (DDVD).

Background: Diffusion-derived vessel density (DDVD) is a physiological surrogate of the area of micro-vessels per unit tissue area. DDVD is calculated according to: DDVD(b0b5) = Sb0/ROIarea0 - Sb5/ROIarea5, where Sb0 and Sb5 refer to the tissue signal when is 0 or 5 s/mm. This study applied DDVD to assess the perfusion of rectal carcinoma (RC).

Efficacy of Polyethylene Glycol Electrolyte Powder Combined With Linaclotide for Colon Cleansing in Patients With Chronic Constipation Undergoing Colonoscopy: A Multicenter, Single-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Constipation is an independent risk factor for poor bowel preparation. This study aimed to evaluate the bowel cleansing efficacy and safety of polyethylene glycol (PEG) combined with linaclotide (lin) for colonoscopy in patients with chronic constipation (CC).

Methods: This single-blinded, randomized, controlled, and multicenter study was conducted from July 2021 to December 2022 at 7 hospitals.

Enantioselective synthesis of chiral α,α-dialkyl indoles and related azoles by cobalt-catalyzed hydroalkylation and regioselectivity switch.

General, catalytic and enantioselective construction of chiral α,α-dialkyl indoles represents an important yet challenging objective to be developed. Herein we describe a cobalt catalyzed enantioselective anti-Markovnikov alkene hydroalkylation via the remote stereocontrol for the synthesis of α,α-dialkyl indoles and other N-heterocycles. This asymmetric C(sp)-C(sp) coupling features high flexibility in introducing a diverse set of alkyl groups at the α-position of chiral N-heterocycles.