A novel acid resource: Waste hydrochlorofluorocarbons refrigerants selective leaching Cu-In-Ga-Se (CIGS) and catalyzed mineralization under the hydrothermal atmosphere.

With the upgrading and obsoleting of electric refrigeration equipment, significant amounts of waste hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFCs) refrigerants are being generated, bringing serious ozone-depleting and global warming effects. HCFCs, containing chlorine and fluorine, have the potential to be converted into acids by mineralization. Hydrothermal technology possesses a tightly sealed environment and high thermal efficiency, providing significant advantages in treating volatile HCFCs.

Rational design of a two-dimensional high-temperature ferromagnet from HCP cobalt.

Cobalt has the highest Curie temperature () among the elemental ferromagnetic metals and has a hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structure at room temperature. In this study, HCP Co was thinned to the thickness of several () unit cells along the -axis and then passivated by halogen atoms, thus being named CoX (X = F, Cl, Br and I). For CoX and CoX, all of them are not only kinetically but also thermodynamically stable from the viewpoint of the phonon spectra and molecular dynamics.

Retraction Note: Interferon-γ affects leukemia cell apoptosis through regulating Fas/FasL signaling pathway.

The article "Interferon-γ affects leukemia cell apoptosis through regulating Fas/FasL signaling pathway" by H.-L. Xia, C.

Design of hepadnavirus core protein-based chimeric virus-like particles carrying epitopes from respiratory syncytial virus.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most important pathogens causing respiratory tract infection in humans, especially in infants and the elderly. The identification and structural resolution of the potent neutralizing epitopes on RSV fusion (F) protein enable an "epitope-focused" vaccine design. However, the display of RSV F epitope II on the surface of the widely-used human hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg) has failed to induce neutralizing antibody response in mice.

Two-Dimensional Spin-Crossover Molecular Solid Solutions with Tunable Transition Temperatures across 90 K.

Spin-crossover (SCO) materials exhibit remarkable potential as bistable switches in molecular devices. However, the spin transition temperatures () of known compounds are unable to cover the entire ambient temperature spectrum, largely limiting their practical utility. This study reports an exemplary two-dimensional SCO solid solution system, = 5--2-hydroxybenzylidene-hydrazinecarbothioamide, = F or Cl, = 0 to 1), in which the adjacent layers are adhered via hydrogen bonding.

Target-Oriented Synthesis of Borate Derivatives Featuring Isolated [BO] Six-Membered Rings as Structural Features.

Borates provide an excellent platform for investigating the optical nonlinearity and linearity of crystals as photoelectric functional materials. In our work, borate derivatives with isolated [BO] six-membered rings as structural features are the preferred system due to their simple functional units and excellent properties. Herein, by utilizing the target-oriented synthesis, a series of borate derivatives, A[BOF(OH)] (A= NH, Rb, Cs) (ABOFH), KCsBOF (KCsBOF), and Cs[BO(OH)]Cl (CsBOHCl), with novel heteroanionic groups containing [BOF] ( = 0-3) and/or [BO(OH)] units were obtained.

Quantitative Descriptions of Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson Bonding Model: A Case Study of Zeise and Its Family Ions.

Historically, Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson (DCD) model is a heuristic device to advance the development of organometallic chemistry and deepen our understanding of the metal-ligand bonding nature. Zeise's ion, the first man-made organometallic compound and a quintessential transition metal-olefin complex, was qualitatively explained using the DCD bonding scheme in 1950s. In this work, we quantified the explicit contributions of the σ donation and π back-donation to the metal-ligand bonding in Zeise and its family ions, [PtX L] (X=F, Cl, Br, I, and At; L=C H , CO, and N ), using state-of-the-art quantum chemical calculations and energy decomposition analysis.

Potent Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Efficacy of COVID-19 Hyperimmune Globulin from Vaccine-Immunized Plasma.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a global public health threat. Hence, more effective and specific antivirals are urgently needed. Here, COVID-19 hyperimmune globulin (COVID-HIG), a passive immunotherapy, is prepared from the plasma of healthy donors vaccinated with BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine).

Functional Group Regulated Ni/TiCT (T = F, -OH) Holding Bimolecular Activation Tunnel for Enhanced Ammonia Borane Hydrolysis.

Developing economical and efficient catalyst for hydrogen generation from ammonia borane (AB) hydrolysis is still a huge challenge. As an alternative strategy, the functional group regulation of metal nanoparticles (NPs)-based catalysts is believed to be capable of improving the catalytic activity. Herein, a series of Ni/TiCT-Y (T = F, -OH; Y denotes etching time (d)) catalysts are synthesized and show remarkably enhanced catalytic activity on the hydrolysis of AB in contrast to the corresponding without regulating.

Design of a mutation-integrated trimeric RBD with broad protection against SARS-CoV-2.

The continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants highlights the need of developing vaccines with broad protection. Here, according to the immune-escape capability and evolutionary convergence, the representative SARS-CoV-2 strains carrying the hotspot mutations were selected. Then, guided by structural and computational analyses, we present a mutation-integrated trimeric form of spike receptor-binding domain (mutI-tri-RBD) as a broadly protective vaccine candidate, which combined heterologous RBDs from different representative strains into a hybrid immunogen and integrated immune-escape hotspots into a single antigen.

Spectroscopic Signature of Proton Location in Proton Bound HSO·H·X (X = F, Cl, Br, and I) Clusters.

Proton transfer plays a vital role in a variety of chemical and biological processes. The proton location in proton bound clusters, specifically, in the anions of HSO·H·X (X = F, Cl, Br, and I), has been studied by negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The measured photoelectron spectra of HSO·H·X (X = Cl, Br, and I) closely resemble those of X by simply shifting to higher electron binding energies, suggesting that X is the chromophore of the electron photodetachment, a fact clearly violating gas-phase acidity predictions.

Unlimited expansion of intestinal stem cells from a wide range of ages.

The recent technical advance in cloning and culturing ground-state intestinal stem cells (ISC) provides us an opportunity of accurate assessment of age-related impact on the function of highly proliferative intestinal stem cells. Our ability of indefinitely and robustly expanding single-stem-cell derived pedigrees allows us to study intestinal stem cells at the clonal level. Interestingly, comparable number of ISC clones was yielded from 1mm endoscopic biopsy of all donors despite the age.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate Receptor 2 Signaling Promotes Caspase-11-dependent Macrophage Pyroptosis and Worsens Escherichia coli Sepsis Outcome.

What We Already Know About This Topic: WHAT THIS ARTICLE TELLS US THAT IS NEW: BACKGROUND:: Pyroptosis, a type of proinflammatory programmed cell death, drives cytokine storm. Caspase-11-dependent macrophage pyroptosis contributes to mortality during sepsis. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) signaling can amplify interleukin-1β secretion in endotoxin-induced inflammation.

Time-dependent disturbances of chloride salts on overall redox reaction and luminescence in Vibrio fischeri.

The redox state of NADH/NADPH balance (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) is crucial in cellular homeostasis. Recent studies reported that sodium halide ions (NaX, X = F, Cl, Br and I) stimulated NAD(P)H in Vibrio fischeri (VF). However, it remained unanswered whether this pattern applied in salts with other cations, e.

Electronic Structure and Stability of [BX] (X = F-At): A Combined Photoelectron Spectroscopic and Theoretical Study.

The stability and electron loss process of numerous multiply charged anions (MCAs) have been traditionally explained in terms of the classical Coulomb interaction between spatially separated charged groups. An understanding of these processes in MCAs with not well-separated excess charges is still lacking. We report the surprising properties and physical behavior of [BX], X = F, Cl, Br, I, At, which are MCAs with not well-separated excess charges and cannot be described by the prevailing classical picture.

The time-dependent stimulation of sodium halide salts on redox reactants, energy supply and luminescence in Vibrio fischeri.

The excess of halide ions (F, Cl, Br, I) can cause adverse effects. Earlier studies demonstrated time-dependent stimulations of organic salts with halide ions on photobacteria. Therefore, inorganic ones with halide ions (e.

Sphingosine 1-phosphate Receptor 2 Signaling Suppresses Macrophage Phagocytosis and Impairs Host Defense against Sepsis.

Background: Sepsis is characterized by an inappropriate systemic inflammatory response and bacteremia that promote multiorgan failure and mortality. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) modulates endotoxin-induced inflammation in endothelium. However, as a highly expressed S1P receptor in macrophages, its role in regulating macrophage response to bacterial infection remains unclear.

A preliminary study of acoustic radiation force impulse quantification for the assessment of skin in diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis.

Objective: To investigate skin elasticity using acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) quantification in systemic sclerosis (SSc), and compare the modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) with measured shear wave velocity (SWV) and thickness of the skin.

Methods: Fifteen patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) and 15 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls were evaluated. The SWV and thickness of skin were measured at 17 sites corresponding to those assessed in the mRSS in each participant.

Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 protects mice against polymicrobial sepsis by enhancing bacterial clearance.

Background: Recent studies suggest that the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) channel plays an important role in inflammation and immune response. However, the role and mechanism of TRPM2 in polymicrobial sepsis remain unclear.

Methods: The authors explored the effects of genetic disruption of TRPM2 on mortality (n = 15), bacterial clearance (n = 6), organ injury, and systemic inflammation during cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis.