Enhancing drug solubility through competitive adsorption on silica nanosurfaces with ultrahigh silanol densities.

We develop a technology based on competitive adsorption between drug molecules and water, specifically designed to address the critical issue of poor drug solubility. By specially engineering silica nanosurfaces with ultrahigh densities of silanol, we significantly enhance their affinity for both drug molecules and water, with a notably greater increase in water affinity. Such surfaces can effectively adsorb a variety of drug molecules under dry conditions.

iDIA-QC: AI-empowered data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry-based quality control.

Quality control (QC) in mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics is mainly based on data-dependent acquisition (DDA) analysis of standard samples. Here, we collect 2754 files acquired by data independent acquisition (DIA) and paired 2638 DDA files from mouse liver digests using 21 mass spectrometers across nine laboratories over 31 months. Our data demonstrate that DIA-based LC-MS/MS-related consensus QC metrics exhibit higher sensitivity compared to DDA-based QC metrics in detecting changes in LC-MS status.

Location-specific net water uptake and malignant cerebral edema in acute anterior circulation occlusion ischemic stroke.

Background And Purpose: Early identification of malignant cerebral edema (MCE) in patients with acute ischemic stroke is crucial for timely interventions. We aimed to identify regions critically associated with MCE using the Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) to evaluate the association between location-specific-net water uptake (NWU) and MCE.

Materials And Methods: This multicentre, retrospective cohort study included patients with acute ischemic stroke following large anterior circulation occlusion.

Age-related decline in CD8 tissue resident memory T cells compromises antitumor immunity.

Aging compromises antitumor immunity, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we report that aging impairs the generation of CD8 tissue resident memory T (T) cells in nonlymphoid tissues in mice, thus compromising the antitumor activity of aged CD8 T cells, which we also observed in human lung adenocarcinoma. We further identified that the apoptosis regulator BFAR was highly enriched in aged CD8 T cells, in which BFAR suppressed cytokine-induced JAK2 signaling by activating JAK2 deubiquitination, thereby limiting downstream STAT1-mediated T reprogramming.

Expanded Field OCT Angiography Biomarkers for Predicting Clinically Significant Outcomes in Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate the utility of extended field swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (SS-OCTA) imaging biomarkers in predicting the occurrence of clinically significant outcomes in eyes with Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR).

Design: Retrospective clinical case-control study.

Methods: Single-center clinical study.

Ziresovir in Hospitalized Infants with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe illness in infants, with no effective treatment. Results of a phase 2 trial suggested that ziresovir may have efficacy in the treatment of infants hospitalized with RSV infection.

Methods: In a phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted in China, we enrolled participants 1 to 24 months of age who were hospitalized with RSV infection.

Drug-Related Keratitis: A Real-World FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Database Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the drug risk of drug-related keratitis and track the epidemiological characteristics of drug-related keratitis.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the U.S.

Development and Validation of a Supplementary Grading Scale for Outcomes of Brainstem Cavernous Malformations.

Background: Surgical risk assessment is intriguing for clinical decision-making of brainstem cavernous malformation (BSCM) treatment. While the BSCM grading scale, encompassing size, developmental venous anomaly, crossing axial midpoint, age, and timing of intervention, is increasingly utilized, the clinical relevance of neurological fluctuation and recurrent hemorrhage has not been incorporated. This study aimed to propose a supplementary grading scale with enhanced predictive efficacy.

Application of Electro-Activated Dissociation Fragmentation Technique to Identifying Glucuronidation and Oxidative Metabolism Sites of Vepdegestrant by Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry.

Drug metabolite identification is an integrated part of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics studies in drug discovery and development. Definitive identification of metabolic modification sides of test compounds such as screening metabolic soft spots and supporting metabolite synthesis are often required. Currently, liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry is the dominant analytical platform for metabolite identification.

Hybridizing carbonate and ether at molecular scales for high-energy and high-safety lithium metal batteries.

Commonly-used ether and carbonate electrolytes show distinct advantages in active lithium-metal anode and high-voltage cathode, respectively. While these complementary characteristics hold promise for energy-dense lithium metal batteries, such synergy cannot be realized solely through physical blending. Herein, a linear functionalized solvent, bis(2-methoxyethyl) carbonate (BMC), is conceived by intramolecularly hybridizing ethers and carbonates.

Associations of Intrapancreatic Fat Deposition With Incident Diseases of the Exocrine and Endocrine Pancreas: A UK Biobank Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: To investigate whether increased intrapancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) heightens the risk of diseases of the exocrine and endocrine pancreas.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted using data from the UK Biobank. IPFD was quantified using MRI and a deep learning-based framework called nnUNet.

Corneal Biomechanical Characteristics in Myopes and Emmetropes Measured by Corvis ST: A Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: To comprehensively identify the corneal biomechanical differences measured by Corvis ST between different degrees of myopia and emmetropia.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, were systematically searched for studies comparing the corneal biomechanics among various degrees of myopes and emmetropes using Corvis ST.

CD24+ decidual stromal cells: a novel heterogeneous population with impaired regulatory T cell induction and potential association with recurrent miscarriage.

Objective: To explore the heterogeneity of CD24+ decidual stromal cells (DSCs) in patients with recurrent miscarriages (RMs).

Design: We have discerned that the expression of CD24 serves to differentiate two stable and functionally distinct lineages of DSCs. The heterogeneity of CD24+ DSCs has been scrutinized, encompassing variances in stromal markers, transcriptional profiles, metabolic activity, and immune regulation.

Reduced Mitochondrial Protein Translation Promotes Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Heart Regeneration.

Background: The importance of mitochondria in normal heart function are well recognized and recent studies have implicated changes in mitochondrial metabolism with some forms of heart disease. Previous studies demonstrated that knockdown of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein S5 (MRPS5) by small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibits mitochondrial translation and thereby causes a mitonuclear protein imbalance. Therefore, we decided to examine the effects of MRPS5 loss and the role of these processes on cardiomyocyte proliferation.

Adenosine Triphosphate Stress Myocardial Strain in Ischemic Heart Disease: An Animal Study with Histological Validation.

Rationale And Objectives: It is still challenging for cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) to detect ischemic heart disease (IHD) without the use of gadolinium contrast. We aimed to evaluate the potential value of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stress myocardial strain derived from feature tracking (FT) as a novel method for detecting IHD in a swine model.

Materials And Methods: CMR cines, myocardial perfusion imaging at rest and during ATP stress, and late gadolinium enhancement were obtained in both control and IHD swine.

Spectroscopic characterization of two peroxyl radicals during the O-oxidation of the methylthio radical.

The atmospheric oxidation of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) yields sulfuric acid and methane sulfonic acid (MSA), which are key precursors to new particles formed via homogeneous nucleation and further cluster growth in air masses. Comprehensive experimental and theoretical studies have suggested that the oxidation of DMS involves the formation of the methylthio radical (CHS•), followed by its O-oxidation reaction via the intermediacy of free radicals CHSO• (x = 1-4). Therefore, capturing these transient radicals and disclosing their reactivity are of vital importance in understanding the complex mechanism.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection Induces Ferroptosis of Sinoatrial Node Pacemaker Cells.

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that cardiac arrhythmias are frequent clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Sinus node damage may lead to bradycardia. However, it is challenging to explore human sinoatrial node (SAN) pathophysiology due to difficulty in isolating and culturing human SAN cells.

The experimental and simulation investigation of the dynamic characteristic of submicron-scale aerosol in high-voltage electric field by a visualization method.

The high-voltage electric field can effectively capture charged aerosols and has the effect of killing microbial aerosols simultaneously. In this article, an innovative visualization method for investigating the dynamic characteristic of submicron-scale aerosol particles in the high-voltage electric field is developed. Based on reasonable working principles and reliable experimental schemes, the movement of submicron-scale aerosol particles is observed and visualization images in different working conditions are photographed.

Downstaging and Resection of Initially Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor and Anti-PD-1 Antibody Combinations.

Background: Combined therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and anti-PD-1 antibodies has shown high tumor response rates for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, using this treatment strategy to convert initially unresectable HCC to resectable HCC was not reported.

Methods: Consecutive patients with unresectable HCC who received first-line therapy with combined TKI/anti-PD-1 antibodies were analyzed.

Polysaccharides from Diels et Gilg: optimum extraction, monosaccharide compositions, and antioxidant activity.

The optimization of extraction of Diels et Gilg polysaccharides (THP) using ultrasonic with enzyme method and its monosaccharide compositions and antioxidant activity were investigated in this work. Single-factor experiments and response surface methodology (RSM) were performed to optimize conditions for extraction, and the independent variables were () dosage of cellulase, () extraction time, () ultrasonic power, and () ratio of water to the material. The extraction rate of THP was increased effectively under the optimum conditions, and the maximum (4.

In vitro assessment and phase I randomized clinical trial of anfibatide a snake venom derived anti-thrombotic agent targeting human platelet GPIbα.

The interaction of platelet GPIbα with von Willebrand factor (VWF) is essential to initiate platelet adhesion and thrombosis, particularly under high shear stress conditions. However, no drug targeting GPIbα has been developed for clinical practice. Here we characterized anfibatide, a GPIbα antagonist purified from snake (Deinagkistrodon acutus) venom, and evaluated its interaction with GPIbα by surface plasmon resonance and in silico modeling.

Electro-optic coefficient measurement of a K(HD)PO crystal based on χ nonlinear optical technology.

We present a novel method utilizing the χ nonlinear optical technology, which can realize high precision measurement of linear electro-optic (EO) coefficients of nonlinear materials. By applying the linear EO effect to the nonlinear optical process, the theoretical model of this measurement method was established, and the calculation formula of the linear EO coefficient was given. In the proof-of-principle experiment, by introducing an external electric field into the fourth harmonic generation (FHG) process, we comprehensively obtained the linear EO coefficients of K(HD)PO crystals and revealed the relationship between deuterium content (x) and EO coefficient (γ): γ = -9.