Evolutionary and functional analysis of the DIR gene family in Moso bamboo: insights into rapid shoot growth and stress responses.

Dirigent (DIR) proteins are key regulators of lignin and lignan biosynthesis and play critical roles in plant hormone responses, abiotic stress tolerance, and growth and development. This study identified and characterized 47 genes in Moso bamboo, classifying them into three groups. Phylogenetic and comparative analyses revealed strong evolutionary conservation, with the Moso bamboo genes being most closely related to those in rice and maize.

Transcription factor ELF-1 protects against colitis by maintaining intestinal epithelium homeostasis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing, and remitting disease characterized by chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. The exact etiology and pathogenesis of IBD remain elusive. Although ELF-1 has been known to be highly expressed in epithelial cells for past twenty years, little is known about its function in epithelial cells and epithelial-related IBD.

AttributionScanner: A Visual Analytics System for Model Validation with Metadata-Free Slice Finding.

Data slice finding is an emerging technique for validating machine learning (ML) models by identifying and analyzing subgroups in a dataset that exhibit poor performance, often characterized by distinct feature sets or descriptive metadata. However, in the context of validating vision models involving unstructured image data, this approach faces significant challenges, including the laborious and costly requirement for additional metadata and the complex task of interpreting the root causes of underperformance. To address these challenges, we introduce AttributionScanner, an innovative human-in-the-loop Visual Analytics (VA) system, designed for metadata-free data slice finding.

VISTA: A Visual Analytics Framework to Enhance Foundation Model-Generated Data Labels.

The advances in multi-modal foundation models (FMs) (e.g., CLIP and LLaVA) have facilitated the auto-labeling of large-scale datasets, enhancing model performance in challenging downstream tasks such as open-vocabulary object detection and segmentation.

Flexible Au-Pt-vertical graphene neural microelectrode for the rapid detection of steady-state and transient dopamine in rats.

Dopamine (DA) can serve as a biomarker to evaluate emotional and cognitive disorders; however, the correlation between transient and steady-state DA levels in the brain remains unclear. In this study, gold and platinum co-doped vertical graphene (AuPt-VG) is deposited onto the surface of carbon fibers (CFs) to prepare flexible neural microwires for DA detection. The diameter of the AuPt-VG/CFs is approximately 8.