The synergistic roles of MsRCI2B and MsRCI2E in the regulation of ion balance and ROS homeostasis in alfalfa under salt stress.

Under salt stress, plasma membrane proteins regulate ion homeostasis and the balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we investigated the functions of two small membrane proteins-MsRCI2B (tailless) and MsRCI2E (tailed)-encoded by the RCI2 (Rare Cold Inducible 2) gene family in Medicago sativa (alfalfa). We identified the distinct subcellular localization and expression patterns of these proteins under salt stress.

Transgastric single-incision laparoscopic resection for a recurrent gastric adenoma at the prepyloric antrum: A case report.

Introduction: Endoscopic resection is suitable for most benign gastric or early stage cancerous polyps. Laparoscopic local resection is performed only for gastric polyps that are difficult to treat with endoscopic resection, such as recurrent or large polyps. However, when polyps are located in difficult regions, such as the gastric cardia and prepyloric antrum, wedge resection may damage the sphincter around the cardia or pylorus, resulting in postoperative deformity or stenosis.

Effects of Multiple Treatments of Formic Acid on the Chemical Properties and Structural Features of Bamboo Powder.

Under mild conditions, formic acid effectively separates the components of lignocellulose, removing the majority of the hemicellulose and lignin from the cellulose. However, it has not yet been determined if multiple treatments with fresh formic acid may totally remove hemicellulose and lignin. In this study, fresh formic acid was used to repeatedly pretreat the bamboo powder, and the effect of multiple treatments on the physicochemical structure of the bamboo powder was investigated using changes in fractions, enzymatic hydrolysis, hydrophilicity, cellulose crystallinity, and lignin structure.

Tilted-Mode All-Optical Diffractive Deep Neural Networks.

Diffractive deep neural networks (DNNs) typically adopt a densely cascaded arrangement of diffractive masks, leading to multiple reflections of diffracted light between adjacent masks, thereby affecting the network's inference capability. It is challenging to fully simulate this multiple-reflection phenomenon. To eliminate this phenomenon, we designed tilted-mode all-optical diffractive deep neural networks (T-DNNs) and proposed a theoretical model for diffraction propagation in the tilted mode.

Protease activity of NIa-Pro determines systemic pathogenicity of clover yellow vein virus.

Clover yellow vein virus (ClYVV), a potyvirus that infects various dicotyledonous plants, poses a significant threat to the cultivation of legumes. Although potyviral NIa-Pro was extensively studied in viral infection cycle and host antiviral responses, the contribution of NIa-Pro protease activity to virus systemic symptoms has not yet been reported. In this study, we developed infectious clones of a ClYVV isolated from Pisum sativum.