Computational design and improvement of a broad influenza virus HA stem targeting antibody.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) are vital therapeutic tools to counteract both pandemic and seasonal influenza threats. Traditional strategies for optimizing nAbs generally rely on labor-intensive, high-throughput mutagenesis screens. Here, we present an innovative structure-based design framework for the optimization of nAbs, which integrates epitope-paratope analysis, computational modeling, and rational design approaches, complemented by comprehensive experimental assessment.

Varroa Volatiles Offer Chemical Cues to Honey Bees for Initial Parasitic Recognition.

Olfaction mediated by the antennae is a vital sensory modality for arthropods and could be applied as a tool in pest control. The ectoparasitic mite poses a significant threat to the health of the honey bee worldwide and has garnered global attention. To better understand the chemical ecology of this host-parasite relationship, we collected and characterized the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from and used electroantennography (EAG) to record the responses of honey bee ( and ) antennae to the different VOCs.

Modeling based dynamics mechanism and pathway of liposome penetration in multicellular tumor spheroid for liposome optimization.

Liposomes are widely recognized as effective drug delivery systems, characterized by biodegradability, biocompatibility, and ability to minimize toxicity. However, liposome-based nanotechnology has not demonstrated superior anti-tumor efficacy due to their limited intratumor penetration. Strategies to improve the tumor delivery efficiency of nanomedicine remain to be developed.

Rational design of a triple-type HPV53/56/66 vaccine with one preferable base particle incorporating two identified immunodominant sites.

The numerous high-risk carcinogenic types of human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) that lack vaccine protection underscore the urgent need to develop broader-spectrum HPV vaccines. This study addresses this need by focusing on HR-HPV types 53, 56, and 66, which are not currently targeted by existing vaccines. It introduces an effective method for their soluble expression, as well as that of their mutants, within an Escherichia coli expression system.