Anatomy of the Flexor Hallucis Longus and Its Relationship With Hallux Valgus: A Cadaveric Study.

Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is a complex deformity, with many associated risk factors. The flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon is a dynamic and potentially deforming force as it bowstrings laterally with HV. We hypothesized that FHL is more laterally inserted in the distal phalanx in cadavers with HV; therefore, it might be also a primary destabilizing force.

Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome by ixazomib prevents mitochondrial dysfunction during myocardial ischemia.

The heart is critically dependent on mitochondrial respiration for energy supply. Ischemia decreases oxygen availability, with catastrophic consequences for cellular energy systems. After a few minutes of ischemia, the mitochondrial respiratory chain halts, ATP levels drop and ion gradients across cell membranes collapse.

Posterior pilon fracture: Epidemiology and surgical technique.

Objectives: To review a case series of patients with posterior pilon variant fracture using a novel approach, focusing on demographic data, injury pattern, surgical results based on computed tomography (CT) scan, and short-term complications.

Design: Consecutive case series.

Setting: Level I trauma center.

Platelet-rich plasma use in anterior cruciate ligament surgery: systematic review of the literature.

Purpose: To systematically review the current literature for evidence that would substantiate the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures.

Methods: We performed a systematic search in PubMed and Embase of studies written in the English and Spanish languages that compared the use of PRP with a control group in patients with ACL injuries assessing graft-to-bone healing, graft maturation, and/or clinical outcomes and were randomized controlled trials or prospective cohort studies.

Results: Eleven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria, comprising 516 patients (266 ACL reconstructions using PRP and 250 ACL reconstructions without PRP).

[Osteochodral lesion mouse model: an alternative for experimental work].

Objective: To report a reproducible and inexpensive model of critical osteochondral lesion (LOC) in adult mice for experimental studies

Material And Method: An experimental study was conducted on 20 BKS mice of 15 weeks old, in which a LOC of 0.5mm in diameter was made in the trochlear groove. Ten animals were sacrificed at day 7, and the other 10 animals at day 14 of follow up.