Closed loop mechanical ventilation.

Mechanical ventilation is a sophisticated technique with very narrow therapeutic ranges i.e. highly efficient and able to keep alive the most severe patients, but with considerable side effects and unwanted complications if not properly and timely used.

Analyses of hospitalization of diabetes mellitus patients in Poland by gender, age and place of residence.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to analyze the hospitalization of diabetes mellitus patients in Polish hospitals in 2005-2009.

Materials And Methods: Data was taken from a nationwide database, kept at the National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw. Data gathered for this work related to patients whose main cause of hospitalization was diabetes.

Individual tumor response testing in multiple relapsed acute myeloid leukemia in children.

Aim: The analysis of the individualized tumor response testing (ITRT) at first and subsequent relapse in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Patients And Methods: A total of 76 pediatric AML samples underwent ITRT for up to 21 drugs.

Results: No significant differences between ITRT at first and subsequent relapse were found, and no drug was found, for which significantly higher resistance of myeloblasts was observed at subsequent relapse, when compared to first relapse of AML.

Anatomical variability of the anterolateral thigh flap perforators between sexes: a cadaveric study.

BACKGROUND: Anterolateral thigh flap (ALTF) has gain popularity as a workhorse flap in the management of simple as well as complex tissue defects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in ALTF's perforators' location in male and female human cadavers. METHODS: The study involved 30 fresh human cadavers of both sexes.

A framework for scientific advice on health: EuSANH's principles and guidelines.

Background: Society expects politicians to make sound decisions by bringing the best evidence to bear on the health problems in question. Performing this task requires access to independent sources of sound scientific advice. The European Science Advisory Network for Health (EuSANH) is a network of national science advisory bodies in Europe which are active in the field of health and provide independent scientific advice to their authorities.

Cold-nuclear-matter effects on heavy-quark production in d+Au collisions at sqrt[S(NN)]=200 GeV.

The PHENIX experiment has measured electrons and positrons at midrapidity from the decays of hadrons containing charm and bottom quarks produced in d+Au and p+p collisions at sqrt[S(NN)]=200 GeV in the transverse-momentum range 0.85 ≤ p(T)(e) ≤ 8.5 GeV/c.

Evaluation of fully automated ventilation: a randomized controlled study in post-cardiac surgery patients.

Purpose: Discrepancies between the demand and availability of clinicians to care for mechanically ventilated patients can be anticipated due to an aging population and to increasing severity of illness. The use of closed-loop ventilation provides a potential solution. The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety of a fully automated ventilator.

The scope and results of selected epidemiological studies conducted at the National Institute of Hygiene in the years 1945-1989.

The authors present the first article in the series concerning the scope ofresearch, scientific, practical, educational and other achievements of the National Institute of Hygiene (PZH) since 1945. This article is limited to discussing selected studies conducted in the field of epidemiology until the year 1989. The selection was based on PZH annual reports on the accomplishment of planned objectives and the literature positins listed in these reports, as well as other documents.

"Health 2020"--new framework for health policy. Part II.

The papers continues presentation of the new framework for health policy related to "Health 2020" strategy adopted in September 2012 unanimously by all member countries of EURO Region during the 62nd session of the World Health Organization Regional Committee for Europe. Four priority areas for action are presented.

Public health research in Horizon 2020. Results of the work of Independent Expert Group of the European Commission.

The recommendations of Independent Expert Group of European Commission on the future public health research priorities for Horizon 2020 funding stream in 2014-2020 are herewith presented. The group was commissioned in September 2012 by DG Research & Innovation of (DG-RTD) of European Commission.

[The role of science in policy making--EuSANH-ISA project, framework for science advice for health].

Governments and other authorities (including MPs) should be well informed on issues of science and technology. This is particularly important in the era of evidence-based practice. This implies the need to get expert advice.

Comparison of prognostic value of in vitro drug resistance and bone marrow residual disease on day 15 of therapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Aim: The analysis of the prognostic impact of residual disease at day 15 of induction therapy, individual tumor response testing (ITRT) at diagnosis, initial factors and initial therapy response to the risk of relapse in children with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Patients And Methods: A total of 87 children were tested at diagnosis for ITRT and for persistence of blasts in bone marrow at day 15 (BML15>0.5%) and were followed-up in long-term analysis.

Absolute measurement of cerebral optical coefficients, hemoglobin concentration and oxygen saturation in old and young adults with near-infrared spectroscopy.

We present near-infrared spectroscopy measurement of absolute cerebral hemoglobin concentration and saturation in a large sample of 36 healthy elderly (mean age, 85 ± 6 years) and 19 young adults (mean age, 28 ± 4 years). Non-invasive measurements were obtained on the forehead using a commercially available multi-distance frequency-domain system and analyzed using a diffusion theory model for a semi-infinite, homogeneous medium with semi-infinite boundary conditions. Our study included repeat measurements, taken five months apart, on 16 elderly volunteers that demonstrate intra-subject reproducibility of the absolute measurements with cross-correlation coefficients of 0.

Determinants of self-rated health of Warsaw inhabitants.

Background: Self-rated health is a one-point measure commonly used for recognising subjectively perceived health and covering a wide range of individual's health aspects.

Objective: The aim of our study was to examine the extent to which self-rated health reflects the differences due to demographic characteristics, physical, psychical and social well-being, health disorders, occurrence of chronic disease and negative life events in Polish social and cultural conditions.

Material And Method: Data were collected by non-addressed questionnaire methods from 402 Warsaw inhabitants.

Adaptive support ventilation with and without end-tidal CO2 closed loop control versus conventional ventilation.

Purpose: Our aim was to compare adaptive support ventilation with and without closed loop control by end tidal CO2 (ASVCO2, ASV) with pressure (PC) and volume control ventilation (VC) during simulated clinical scenarios [normal lungs (N), COPD, ARDS, brain injury (BI)].

Methods: A lung model was used to simulate representative compliance (mL/cmH2O): resistance (cmH2O/L/s) combinations, 45:5 for N and BI, 60:7.7 for COPD, 15:7.

Measurement of direct photons in Au+Au collisions at √(s(NN))=200 GeV.

We report the measurement of direct photons at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at √(s(NN))=200 GeV. The direct photon signal was extracted for the transverse momentum range of 4 GeV/c View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Evolution of π(0) suppression in Au+Au collisions from √(s(NN))=39 to 200 GeV.

Neutral-pion π(0) spectra were measured at midrapidity (|y|<0.35) in Au+Au collisions at √(s(NN))=39 and 62.4 GeV and compared with earlier measurements at 200 GeV in a transverse-momentum range of 1 View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Individualized tumor response testing profile has a prognostic value in childhood acute leukemias: multicenter non-interventional long-term follow-up study.

A total number of 817 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 181 with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) were assessed for individualized tumor response testing (ITRT) profile as a prognostic factor in long-term follow-up. For each patient, ITRT, initial response to therapy and long-term outcome were assessed. In initial ALL, an impact on long-term response was shown in ITRT for 13 drugs, while in initial AML only for cytarabine.

Observation of direct-photon collective flow in Au + Au collisions at √s(NN)] = 200 GeV.

The second Fourier component v(2) of the azimuthal anisotropy with respect to the reaction plane is measured for direct photons at midrapidity and transverse momentum (p(T)) of 1-12 GeV/c in Au + Au collisions at √s(NN)] = 200 GeV. Previous measurements of this quantity for hadrons with p(T) < 6 GeV/c indicate that the medium behaves like a nearly perfect fluid, while for p(T) > 6 GeV/c a reduced anisotropy is interpreted in terms of a path-length dependence for parton energy loss. In this measurement with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider we find that for p(T) > 4 GeV/c the anisotropy for direct photons is consistent with zero, which is as expected if the dominant source of direct photons is initial hard scattering.

Identification of the genes expression profile associated with the ex vivo resistance to etoposide in childhood acute leukemias.

Introduction: Drug resistance and the gene expression profiles might discriminate the therapy outcome, and indicate the subgroup of patients with poor prognosis. In this study we analyzed the gene expression profile in correlation with the profile of ex vivo resistance to etoposide in children with acute leukemias.

Methods: The ex vivo drug resistance profile was determined by the MTT cytotoxicity assay performed on leukemic blasts of 56 patients.

Intrathecal therapy with rituximab in central nervous system involvement of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder.

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a severe complication in high-risk allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement of PTLD is a very rare event in patients with HSCT. As no established standard therapy in CNS-EBV-PTLD is available, the aim of this study was analysis of the safety and efficacy of intrathecal rituximab therapy in a group of eight children and adolescents with CNS-EBV-PTLD.

[Willingness of Warsaw inhabitants to cooperate with health service. II. Evaluation of health and retirement security].

Providing citizens with health security is one of the main challenges for health policy. For the effective modifying the health an social care system it is very important to recognize how citizens themselves perceived their health and retirement assurance. The article presents the analysis of assessment of health care system, out-of-pocket payments for treatment, and retirement system by Warsaw inhabitants in relation to demographic characteristics and health indicators.

[Willingness of Warsaw inhabitants to cooperate with health service. I. Opinions on health reforms].

Social participation in undertaking public decisions is one of the main determinants of good governance. Recognizing to what extent people are ready to participate in the process of reforming health care as an active partners seems to be necessary. Therefore, in Health Promotion and Postgraduate Education Department of NIPH-NIH the study aimed at examining citizen's willingness to cooperate with health staff and gathering their opinions on health reform was carried out.

[Initiative of introducing the applications of genetics for public health purposes in Poland].

An integration of scientific associations involved in public health and genetics to apply genetics achievements might create new perspectives of public health and health promotion in Poland and allow to apply genomic applications that are currently in transition from research to public health practice. Activities might enable to undertake preventive actions as population screening programs based on genome-based knowledge and technologies as targeted preventive interventions. The achievements in the field of public health genetics or genomics have been taking place in several countries and have begun to have an impact on population health status.

Consolidation of first-line therapy with busulphan and melphalan, and autologous stem cell rescue in children with Ewing's sarcoma.

According to the published report on current practice of hematopoietic SCT in Europe, high-dose therapy (HDT) with autologous stem cell support is a standard of care in paediatric patients with high risk (HR) or relapsed Ewing's sarcoma (ES). Randomized trials, however, have not confirmed the value of this procedure yet. In this retrospective analysis we intended to evaluate the role of HDT as a consolidation therapy in first remission of ES.