The role of clinical practice guidelines has changed dramatically the past 50 years. Both beneficial, as also having some disadvantageous effects. Considering the international developments, such as a growing body of evidence and evolving methodologies, some limits might be in reach or already been reached.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFYoung patients are thought to have a more severe disease course and a higher rate of recurrent diverticulitis. However, these understandings are mainly based on studies with important limitations. This review aimed to clarify the true natural history of acute diverticulitis in young patients compared to elderly patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: To describe approaches used in systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy studies for assessing variability in estimates of accuracy between studies and to provide guidance in this area.
Methods: Meta-analyses of diagnostic test accuracy studies published between May and September 2012 were systematically identified. Information on how the variability in results was investigated was extracted.
Background: Small-study effects and time trends have been identified in meta-analyses of randomized trials. We evaluated whether these effects are also present in meta-analyses of diagnostic test accuracy studies.
Methods: A systematic search identified test accuracy meta-analyses published between May and September 2012.
Purpose: To provide an overview of available clinical evaluation tests for scaphoid fractures and to compare their diagnostic accuracies.
Methods: PWe performed a systematic review of all studies assessing diagnostic characteristics of clinical evaluation in scaphoid fractures by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and CINAHL databases. Only studies on clinical testing prior to radiographic evaluation and with acceptable reference standard for occult fractures were included.
Objectives: To examine how authors explore and report on sources of heterogeneity in systematic reviews of diagnostic accuracy studies.
Study Design And Setting: A cohort of systematic reviews of diagnostic tests was systematically identified. Data were extracted on whether an exploration of the sources of heterogeneity was undertaken, how this was done, the number and type of potential sources explored, and how results and conclusions were reported.
Objectives: To investigate how the summary estimates in diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) systematic reviews are affected when searches are limited to MEDLINE.
Study Design And Setting: A systematic search was performed to identify DTA reviews that had conducted exhaustive searches and included a meta-analysis. Primary studies included in selected reviews were assessed to determine whether they were indexed on MEDLINE.
Background: Drawing conclusions from systematic reviews of test accuracy studies without considering the methodological quality (risk of bias) of included studies may lead to unwarranted optimism about the value of the test(s) under study. We sought to identify to what extent the results of quality assessment of included studies are incorporated in the conclusions of diagnostic accuracy reviews.
Methods: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for test accuracy reviews published between May and September 2012.
Background: Until now, multiple reviews on the pharmacological treatment of dementia have been published.
Methods: We performed a scoping review to summarize research findings and to identify gaps in the existing literature. We searched the literature and assessed the risk of bias of the included reviews.
Background: Publication and selective outcome reporting bias are a threat to the validity of systematic reviews. Extensive searching for additional trials in prospective trial registers could reduce this problem. We have evaluated how authors of Cochrane systematic reviews currently make use of trial registers as an additional source for the identification of potentially eligible trials.
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