Demystifying Artificial Intelligence for Health Care Professionals: Continuing Professional Development as an Agent of Transformation Leading to Artificial Intelligence-Augmented Practice.

The rapid rise of artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming society; yet, the education of health care providers in this field is lagging. In health care, where AI promises to facilitate diagnostic accuracy, and allow for personalized treatment, bridging the knowledge and skill gaps for providers becomes vital. This article explores the challenges of AI education, such as the emergence of self-proclaimed experts during the pandemic, and the need for comprehensive training in AI language, mechanics, and ethics.

Developing a national undergraduate medical education pain management and substance use disorder curriculum to address the opioid crisis: a program evaluation pilot study.

Background: Pain and addiction are one of the most common reasons for adults to seek health care, yet educational programs focused on pain are often underrepresented in medical school curricula. In January 2021, the Association of Faculties of Medicine of Canada (AFMC) launched an online national, bilingual, competency-based curriculum for undergraduate medical (UGME) students in pain management and substance use in response to the opioid crisis and to bridge the content gaps in programs across Canada. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pilot of this national curriculum.

COVID-19 Pivoted Virtual Skills Teaching Model: Project ECHO Ontario Skin and Wound Care Boot Camp.

Objective: To describe a virtual, competency-based skin and wound care (SWC) skills training model. The ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) Ontario SWC pivoted from an in-person boot camp to a virtual format because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: An outcome-based program evaluation was conducted.

Developing a Curriculum for Addressing the Opioid Crisis: A National Collaborative Process.

Background: The burgeoning use of opioids and the lack of attention to the safe prescribing, storage, and disposal of these drugs remains a societal concern. Education plays a critical role in providing a comprehensive response to this crisis by closing the training gaps and empowering the next generation of physicians with the knowledge, skills, and resources needed to diagnose, treat and manage pain and substance use. Curricular Development: The Association of Faculties of Medicine of Canada (AFMC) developed a competency-based, bilingual curriculum for undergraduate medical students to be implemented in all Canadian medical schools.

Outcomes of Cystic Fibrosis Screening-Positive Infants With Inconclusive Diagnosis at School Age.

Background And Objectives: Cystic fibrosis (CF) screen-positive infants with an inconclusive diagnosis (CFSPID) are infants in whom sweat testing and genetic analysis does not resolve a CF diagnosis. Lack of knowledge about the health outcome of these children who require clinical follow-up challenges effective consultation. Early predictive biomarkers to delineate the CF risk would allow a more targeted approach to these children.

An innovation procurement clinical framework: A qualitative study.

Innovation Procurement Strategies (IPS) strive for purchasing healthcare solutions that do not yet exist on the market and are increasingly being advocated to improve health outcomes while managing escalating healthcare costs. Due to the newness of IPS, there are limited resources available to healthcare organizations and professionals looking to engage in IPS. The purpose of this study was to develop an evidence-based clinical framework to guide healthcare organizations and professionals.

A systems approach for institutional CBME adoption at Queen's University.

The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC) has begun the transition to Competency by Design (CBD), a new curricular model for residency education that 'ensure[s] competence, but teaches for excellence'. By 2022, all Canadian specialty programs are anticipated to have completed the CBD cohort process which includes workshops facilitated by a Royal College Clinician Educator. Queen's University in Ontario, Canada, was granted approval by the RCPSC to embark upon an accelerated path to competency-based medical education (CBME) for all our postgraduate specialties.

Developing Academic Advisors and Competence Committees members: A community approach to developing CBME faculty leaders.

Introduction: Implementing competency-based medical education (CBME) at the institutional level poses many challenges including having to rapidly enable faculty to be facilitators and champions of a new curriculum which utilizes feedback, coaching, and models of programmatic assessment. This study presents the necessary competencies required for Academic Advisors (AA) and Competence Committee (CC) members, as identified in the literature and as perceived by faculty members at Queen's University.

Methods: This study integrated a review of available literature (n=26) yielding competencies that were reviewed by the authors followed by an external review consisting of CBME experts (n=5).

Immunoreactive trypsinogen levels in newborn screened infants with an inconclusive diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.

Background: Newborn screening (NBS) for cystic fibrosis (CF) not only identifies infants with a diagnosis of CF, but also those with an uncertain diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF), i.e. CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-related metabolic syndrome (CRMS) or CF screen positive inconclusive diagnosis (CFSPID).

Delivering on the promise of competency based medical education - an institutional approach.

The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC) adopted a plan to transform, over a seven-year horizon (2014-2021), residency education across all specialties to competency-based medical education (CBME) curriculum models. The RCPSC plan recommended implementing a more responsive and accountable training model with four discrete stages of training, explicit, specialty specific entrustable professional activities, with associated milestones, and a programmatic approach to assessment across residency education. Embracing this vision, the leadership at Queen's University (in Kingston, Ontario, Canada) applied for and was granted special permission by the RCPSC to embark on an accelerated institutional path.

Prospective assessment of practice pattern variations in the treatment of pediatric gastroenteritis.

Objectives: We aimed to determine whether significant variations in the use of intravenous rehydration existed among institutions, controlling for clinical variables, and to assess variations in the use of ancillary therapeutic and diagnostic modalities.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of children 3 to 48 months of age who presented to 11 emergency departments with acute gastroenteritis, using surveys, medical record reviews, and telephone follow-up evaluations.

Results: A total of 647 eligible children were enrolled and underwent chart review; 69% (446 of 647 children) participated in the survey, and 89% of survey participants (398 of 446 children) had complete follow-up data.

Invasive aspergillosis in cystic fibrosis: a fatal case in an adolescent and review of the literature.

Invasive aspergillosis is a rare complication of cystic fibrosis. In this article, we describe a case of an adolescent with cystic fibrosis, which was well-controlled previously, colonized with Aspergillus fumigatus. The patient developed fatal disseminated aspergillosis in the absence of any preexisting risk factors after a short course of intravenous corticosteroid treatment.

Cervical dysplasia and associated risk factors in a juvenile detainee population.

Study Objective: Canada has licensed a human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine for adolescent females, with the goal of decreasing the incidence of HPV infection and associated cervical cancer. This study identifies the juvenile detainee population as a high-risk group for HPV infection and therefore an important target for primary prevention.

Design: A retrospective chart review.

Immunization rates in a Canadian juvenile corrections facility.

In Canada's judicial system there are more than 31,700 youths admitted to correctional services each year. Given the prevalence of documented medical problems and high-risk behavior in this population, it is important to assess the immunization status of adolescents admitted to juvenile detention facilities. We completed a chart review of all youth admitted to an adolescent custody facility in Kingston, Ontario, between January 2003 and October 2005.

Congenital erythroleukemia in a neonate with severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.

We report a case of a neonate who presented with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, persistent hypoglycemia and hypotension, intractable metabolic acidosis, renal failure and a coagulopathy but who, at autopsy, was found to have massive infiltration of nonhematopoietic tissues with blasts. The diagnosis of congenital erythroleukemia was confirmed by the detection of glycophorin A, a major erythrocyte membrane protein, on the surface of the blasts. The clinical presentation and course of the case described here have not previously been reported for this extremely rare condition.

Neonatal tracheal obstruction caused by aspiration of decidual tissue.

We report a newborn female born at 29 weeks' gestation who was unable to be resuscitated following a vaginal breech delivery. At autopsy the larynx and trachea contained a 1.2 x 0.