Trend and Equity in Maternal and Child Health Resource Allocation in China Since the New Health System Reform: A Nationwide Study from 2008 to 2020.

Purpose: China has made considerable efforts to promote the development of maternal and child health (MCH) care since the new health system reform in 2009. This study aims to evaluate the trend and equity of MCH resources allocation in China from 2008 to 2020 and provide a reference for rational distribution of MCH resources.

Methods: Data were collected from the China Health Statistics Yearbook and China Statistics Yearbook.

External Validation of the International IgA Nephropathy Prediction Tool in Older Adult Patients.

Purpose: The International IgA Nephropathy Prediction Tool (IIgAN-PT) can predict the risk of End-stage renal disease (ESRD) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline ≥ 50% for adult IgAN patients. Considering the differential progression between older adult and adult patients, this study aims to externally validate its performance in the older adult cohort.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed 165 IgAN patients aged 60 and above from six medical centers, categorizing them by their predicted risk.

Post-Synthetic and In Situ Vacancy Repairing of Iron Hexacyanoferrate Toward Highly Stable Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Iron hexacyanoferrate (FeHCF) is a promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries. However, FeHCF always suffers from a poor cycling stability, which is closely related to the abundant vacancy defects in its framework. Herein, post-synthetic and in-situ vacancy repairing strategies are proposed for the synthesis of high-quality FeHCF in a highly concentrated NaFe(CN) solution.

Polycationic Polymer Layer for Air-Stable and Dendrite-Free Li Metal Anodes in Carbonate Electrolytes.

The short cycle life and safety concerns caused by uncontrollable dendrite growth have severely hindered the commercialization of lithium metal batteries. Here, a polycationic and hydrophobic polymer protective layer fabricated by a scalable tape-casting method is developed to enable air-stable, dendrite-free, and highly efficient Li metal anodes. The polymeric cations of poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium) (PDDA) provide an electrostatic shielding effect that unifies Li flux at the surface of the Li anode and promotes a homogeneous Li plating, while the bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI) anions bring hydrophobic characteristics and improve moisture stability.

Constructing Stable Anodic Interphase for Quasi-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Replacing organic porous separators with an inorganic solid-state electrolyte (SSE) is a promising strategy to suppress lithium dendrite and inhibit polysulfide dissolution in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. However, the realization of such a concept is still limited by the large interfacial resistance between SSE and lithium anode. Herein, a new electrolyte additive, copper fluoride (CuF), is used in liquid electrolytes to construct a stable interphase between LiAlGe(PO) (LAGP) SSE and Li metal for a quasi-solid-state Li-S battery.

Mechanism of Capacity Fade in Sodium Storage and the Strategies of Improvement for FeS Anode.

Pyrite FeS has attracted extensive interest as anode material for sodium-ion batteries due to its high capacity, low cost, and abundant resource. However, the micron-sized FeS usually suffers from poor cyclability, which stems from structure collapse, exfoliation of active materials, and sulfur dissolution. Here, we use a synergistic approach to enhance the sodium storage performance of the micron-sized FeS through voltage control (0.

A Ternary Polyaniline/Active Carbon/Lithium Iron Phosphate Composite as Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Battery.

Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) has been evaluated as the most promising cathode material for the next generation lithium-ion batteries because of its high operating voltage, good cycle performance, low cost, and environmentally friendly safety. However, pure LiFePO4 shows poor reversible capacity and charge/discharge performance at high current density. Many methods including optimization of particle size, introduction of coating carbon and conductive polymer, and the doping of metal and halogen ions have been developed to improve its electrochemical performance.

Hollow K0.27MnO2 Nanospheres as Cathode for High-Performance Aqueous Sodium Ion Batteries.

Hollow K0.27MnO2 nanospheres as cathode material were designed for aqueous sodium ion batteries (SIBs) using polystyrene (PS) as a template. The samples were systematically studied by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.

Carbon coated K(0.8)Ti(1.73)Li(0.27)O4: a novel anode material for sodium-ion batteries with a long cycle life.

Carbon coated K0.8Ti1.73Li0.

Sonographic measurement of renal size in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis: Correlation with residual renal function.

Previous studies have reported that renal size may change when the function is compromised. However, it is not known whether sonographically measured renal size reflects the residual renal function (RRF) in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. A total of 140 patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis (≥3 months) were investigated in the present study.

Andrographolide induced acute kidney injury: analysis of 26 cases reported in Chinese Literature.

Aim: Some Chinese herbs have been known for their kidney toxicity. Andrographolide, the primary component of a traditional medicinal herb, Andrographis paniculata, is widely used in China for the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infection, and dysentery etc. The aim of the study was to identify and summarize any case of kidney injury attributed to its use in the Chinese literature.

A SnO2@carbon nanocluster anode material with superior cyclability and rate capability for lithium-ion batteries.

A nanocluster composite assembled by interconnected ultrafine SnO2-C core-shell (SnO2@C) nanospheres is successfully synthesized via a simple one-pot hydrothermal method and subsequent carbonization. As an anode material for lithium-ion batteries, the thus-obtained nano-construction can provide a three-dimensional transport access for fast transfer of electrons and lithium ions. With the mixture of sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose and styrene butadiene rubber as a binder, the SnO2@C nanocluster anode exhibits superior cycling stability and rate capability due to a stable electrode structure.

Evaluation of Ca3Co2O6 as cathode material for high-performance solid-oxide fuel cell.

A cobalt-based thermoelectric compound Ca(3)Co(2)O(6) (CCO) has been developed as new cathode material with superior performance for intermediate-temperature (IT) solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Systematic evaluation has been carried out. Measurement of thermal expansion coefficient (TEC), thermal-stress (σ) and interfacial shearing stress (τ) with the electrolyte show that CCO matches well with several commonly-used IT electrolytes.

Controllable synthesis of hollow bipyramid β-MnO(2) and its high electrochemical performance for lithium storage.

Three types of MnO2 nanostructures, viz., α-MnO2 nanotubes, hollow β-MnO2 bipyramids, and solid β-MnO2 bipyramids, have been synthesized via a simple template-free hydrothermal method. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements demonstrate that the hollow β-MnO2 bipyramids exhibit the highest specific capacity and the best cyclability; the capacity retains 213 mAh g(-1) at a current density of 100 mA g(-1) after 150 cycles.

Nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanofiber webs as anodes for lithium ion batteries with a superhigh capacity and rate capability.

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber webs (CNFWs) with high surface areas are successfully prepared by carbonization-activation of polypyrrole nanofiber webs with KOH. The as-obtained CNFWs exhibit a superhigh reversible capacity of 943 mAh g(-1) at a current density of 2 A g(-1) even after 600 cycles, which is ascribed to the novel porous nanostructure and high-level nitrogen doping.

Expression and activation of STAT3 in chronic proliferative immune complex glomerulonephritis and the effect of fosinopril.

Background: Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) are cytoplasmic proteins that are activated in response to stimulation from various cytokines. Among these, STAT3 is an important member that has been implicated in the inflammatory proliferation of cells. We hypothesized that STAT3 may be activated in kidneys of rats having modified chronic immune complex glomerulonephritis, and that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition with fosinopril may prevent the activation of STAT3 and subsequent upregulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), which are effects that may explain the therapeutic effects of fosinopril on nephritis.

[Curative machanism of Shenle capsule on 5/6 nephrectomy rats].

Objective: To explore curative machanism of Shenle capsule on the 5/6 nephrectomy rats.

Method: Fibrin plate method was applied to examine activity of urinary plasminogen activator(PA). Semi-quantitative analysis was used to observe stained intensity and area of tissue-type plasminogen activator, urokinas-type plasminogen activator/ plasminogen activator inhibitor(tPA, uPA/PAI-1)in remnant renal tissue.