Curcumin ameliorates traumatic brain injury via C1ql3-mediated microglia M2 polarization.

Purpose: Curcumin can regulate the polarization of microglia and alleviate traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, its detailed action mechanism on downregulating Complement 1q-like-3 protein (C1ql3) in TBI is less reported. The purpose of this study is to explore the role and mechanism of curcumin-regulated C1ql3 in TBI.

Pre-hospital mild therapeutic hypothermia for patients with severe traumatic brain injury.

Background: We aimed to assess the effects of pre-hospital mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) on patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).

Methods: Eighty-six patients with sTBI were prospectively enrolled into the pre-hospital MTH group and the late MTH group (initiated in hospital). Patients in the pre-hospital MTH group were maintained at a tympanic temperature of 33°C-35°C before admission and continued to be treated with a therapeutic hypothermia device for 4 days.

IMP-ICDX: an injury mortality prediction based on ICD-10-CM codes.

Background: The International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) Injury Severity Score (ICISS) is a risk adjustment model when injuries are recorded using ICD-9-CM coding. The trauma mortality prediction model (TMPM-ICD9) provides better calibration and discrimination compared with ICISS and injury severity score (ISS). Though TMPM-ICD9 is statistically rigorous, it is not precise enough mathematically and has the tendency to overestimate injury severity.

Resveratrol Attenuates Cognitive Deficits of Traumatic Brain Injury by Activating p38 Signaling in the Brain.

BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by cognitive deficits, which was associated with brain oxidative stress and apoptosis. Resveratrol (RSV) is an anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative. This study aimed to investigate neuroprotective effects and involved molecular mechanisms in TBI.

Tumor Tissue Detection using Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent Functional MRI based on Independent Component Analysis.

Accurate delineation of gliomas from the surrounding normal brain areas helps maximize tumor resection and improves outcome. Blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI) has been routinely adopted for presurgical mapping of the surrounding functional areas. For completely utilizing such imaging data, here we show the feasibility of using presurgical fMRI for tumor delineation.

Application of pulsed arterial resuscitation in a rabbit model of hemorrhagic shock.

Background: Hemorrhagic shock is characterized by tissue hypoperfusion caused by a sharp reduction in the effective circulating volume of blood. The key to successful resuscitation lies in eliminating the shock as soon as possible while simultaneously restoring blood perfusion to vital organs. We present the applicability of pulsed arterial blood reinfusion for resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock.

An injury mortality prediction based on the anatomic injury scale.

To determine whether the injury mortality prediction (IMP) statistically outperforms the trauma mortality prediction model (TMPM) as a predictor of mortality.The TMPM is currently the best trauma score method, which is based on the anatomic injury. Its ability of mortality prediction is superior to the injury severity score (ISS) and to the new injury severity score (NISS).

Potential mechanisms of microRNA-129-5p in inhibiting cell processes including viability, proliferation, migration and invasiveness of glioblastoma cells U87 through targeting FNDC3B.

The purpose of our study is to clarify the effects of microRNA-129-5p (miR-129-5p) in cellular processes correlated with cancer development and progression of Glioblastoma (GBM) cell by regulating FNDC3B. MiR-129-5p and FNDC3B expression in GBM tissues and tumor adjacent tissues were tested by quantitative real-time PCR. We validated the target relationship between miR-129-5p and FNDC3B by dual luciferase reporter gene system.

PreSurgMapp: a MATLAB Toolbox for Presurgical Mapping of Eloquent Functional Areas Based on Task-Related and Resting-State Functional MRI.

The main goal of brain tumor surgery is to maximize tumor resection while minimizing the risk of irreversible postoperative functional sequelae. Eloquent functional areas should be delineated preoperatively, particularly for patients with tumors near eloquent areas. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a noninvasive technique that demonstrates great promise for presurgical planning.

Tangent function transformation of the Abbreviated Injury Scale improves accuracy and simplifies scoring.

Introduction: The Injury Severity Score (ISS) and the New Injury Severity Score (NISS) are widely used for anatomic severity assessments after trauma. We present here the Tangent Injury Severity Score (TISS), which transforms the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) as a predictor of mortality.

Material And Methods: The TISS is defined as the sum of the tangent function of AIS/6 to the power 3.

Changes in intracranial pressure gradients between the cerebral hemispheres in patients with intracerebral hematomas in one cerebral hemisphere.

Background: Intracranial-pressure (ICP) monitoring is useful for patients with increased ICP following hemorrhagic stroke. In this study, the changes in pressure gradients between the two cerebral hemispheres were investigated after hemorrhagic stroke of one side, and after a craniotomy.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with acute cerebral hemorrhages and intracerebral hematomas who exhibited mass effect and midline shift to the contralateral side on computed tomography were selected for this study.

The beta-lactam antibiotic, ceftriaxone, provides neuroprotective potential via anti-excitotoxicity and anti-inflammation response in a rat model of traumatic brain injury.

Background: The beta-lactam antibiotic, ceftriaxone (CTX), has been reported to induce neuroprotection in animal models of diverse neurologic diseases. Currently, no data have explored the potential for CTX to provide neuroprotection in the animal models of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect by CTX on TBI and to determine the underlying mechanisms.

Effects of unilateral decompressive craniectomy on patients with unilateral acute post-traumatic brain swelling after severe traumatic brain injury.

Introduction: Acute post-traumatic brain swelling (BS) is one of the pathological forms that need emergent treatment following traumatic brain injury. There is controversy about the effects of craniotomy on acute post-traumatic BS. The aim of the present clinical study was to assess the efficacy of unilateral decompressive craniectomy (DC) or unilateral routine temporoparietal craniectomy on patients with unilateral acute post-traumatic BS.

Traumatic carotid cavernous fistula accompanying basilar skull fracture: a study on the incidence of traumatic carotid cavernous fistula in the patients with basilar skull fracture and the prognostic analysis about traumatic carotid cavernous fistula.

Background: Traumatic carotid cavernous fistula (TCCF) is a rare vascular complication of traumatic brain and facial injury. The purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence of this disorder in different types of basilar skull fracture, determine whether particular clinical factors impacted outcomes, and discuss ways of improving prognosis.

Method: We performed a retrospective analysis of cases with basilar skull fracture or angiography-confirmed TCCF in inpatients between 1999 and 2005, as well as an analysis of the incidence rate of TCCF in each type of basilar skull fracture.

Effects of therapeutic mild hypothermia on patients with severe traumatic brain injury after craniotomy.

Purpose: We investigated the effects of therapeutic mild hypothermia on patients with severe traumatic brain injury after craniotomy (TBI).

Methods: Eighty patients with severe TBI after unilateral craniotomy were randomized into a therapeutic hypothermia group with the brain temperature maintained at 33 degrees C to 35 degrees C for 4 days, and a normothermia control group in the intensive care unit. Vital signs, intracranial pressure, serum superoxide dismutase level, Glasgow Outcome Scale scores, and complications were prospectively analyzed.

Noninvasive selective brain cooling by head and neck cooling is protective in severe traumatic brain injury.

Therapeutic hypothermia is a promising treatment for patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). We present here the results of a study in which noninvasive selective brain cooling (SBC) was achieved using a head cap and neckband. Ninety patients with severe TBI were divided into a normothermia control group (n=45) and a SBC group (n=45), whose brain temperature was maintained at 33-35 degrees C for 3 days using a combination of head and neck cooling.

Thrombocytopenia after therapeutic hypothermia in severe traumatic brain injury.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and significance of thrombocytopenia after therapeutic hypothermia in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: Ninety-six inpatients with severe brain injury were randomized into three groups: SBC (selective brain cooling) group (n=24), MSH (mild systemic hypothermia) group (n=30), and control (normothermia) group (n=42). The platelet counts and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.

Therapeutic effect of mild hypothermia on severe traumatic head injury.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of mild hypothermia on severe traumatic brain injury.

Methods: Eighty-six in-patients with severe traumatic brain injury treated ordinarily were consecutively randomized into two groups: a hypothermia group (n=43) and a normothermia group (the control group, n=43). In the hypothermia group, the core temperature (i.

Management of posttraumatic brain swelling based on clinical typing.

Objective: To investigate the clinical typing and prophylactico-therapeutic measures for acute posttraumatic brain swelling (BS).

Methods: A retrospective study was performed in 66 cases of acute posttraumatic BS. There were 3 groups based on computered tomography (CT) scanning: 23 cases of hemisphere brain swelling (HBS) with middle line shift for less than 5 mm within 24 hours (Group A), 20 with middle line shift for more than 5 mm (Group B), and 23 with bilateral diffuse brain swelling (Group C).