Ultra-sensitive detection of bacterial toxin with silicon nanowire transistor.

Nanowire field effect transistors (nano-FET) were lithographically fabricated using 50 nm doped polysilicon nanowires attached to two small gold terminals separated from each other by a approximately 150 nm gap to serve as the basis for electronic detection of bacteria toxins. The device characterizations, semiconducting properties and use in a robust and sensitive bio-molecular detection sensor of bacterial toxins were reported in this work. The device characteristics were demonstrated with varying gate and drain voltages.

Non-enzymatic aqueous peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence immune detection using a CCD camera and a CMOS device.

A new method for non-enzymatic aqueous peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence (POCL) biomolecular detection using imaging chip-based devices has been developed. A water-soluble amide of oxalic acid was synthesized and used in the investigation and characterization of POCL immunodetection in an aqueous environment. Six fluorescent dyes commonly used in biological detection were tested, and the intensity of light generated from the aqueous POCL reactions was characterized in the liquid phase.

A novel homogeneous bioluminescence resonance energy transfer element for biomolecular detection with CCD camera or CMOS device.

A novel optical signal element based on homogeneous bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) was developed for biomolecular detection. A fluorescent dye and alkaline phosphatase (AP) conjugate was used as a reporter and light-generation element for imaging detection platforms that use a CCD camera or CMOS chip-based devices. In the presence of a luminescence substrate, the energy from the first light emission of a bioluminescence enzymatic reaction was transferred to fluorescent dyes which were conjugated to an enzyme.

Nanowire-transistor based ultra-sensitive DNA methylation detection.

Accurate detection of DNA methylation at specific gene transcription sites is important to identify potential tumor formation since this epigenetic alteration may result in silencing of tumor suppressor genes that protect against tumor formation or that repair damaged DNA. Current technologies used in DNA methylation detection are complicated and time consuming. This work presents the first nanowire field effect transistor (FET) based biosensor technology which achieves simple and ultra-sensitive electronic DNA methylation detection and avoids complicated bisulfite treatment and PCR amplification.

Detection of Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and staphylococcal enterotoxin B in a single sample using enzymatic bio-nanotransduction.

Enzymatic bio-nanotransduction is a biological detection scheme based on the production of nucleic acid nano-signals (RNA) in response to specific biological recognition events. In this study, we applied an enzymatic bio-nanotransduction system to the detection of important food-related pathogens and a toxin. Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) were chosen because of the implications of these targets to food safety.

Expression of CXC chemokine receptor-4 enhances the pulmonary metastatic potential of murine B16 melanoma cells.

The chemokine receptors CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 7 and CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR) 4 have been implicated in cancer metastasis. To evaluate whether CXCR4 is sufficient to increase tumor metastasis in an organ-specific manner, we transduced murine B16 melanoma cells with CXCR4 (CXCR4-B16) and followed the metastatic fate of the transduced cells in both i.v.

CCR6 colocalizes with CD18 and enhances adhesion to activated endothelial cells in CCR6-transduced Jurkat T cells.

CCR6 is expressed by memory T cells (mTC) and is a requirement for efficient arrest of a subset of mTC to activated human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC) under physiologic shear stress. We now address whether CCR6 alone is sufficient to induce arrest of a model T cell line (Jurkat) that shows low expression of all CCRs tested (CCR1-10). Herein, we transduced Jurkat (JK) T cells expressing fucosyltransferase VII with a chimeric chemokine receptor consisting of CCR6 fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein.