(FEV-FEV)/FVC: a terminal-airflow variable for airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation prediction in patients with symptoms despite preserved spirometry.

Background: Small-airway function assessment is crucial for asthma diagnosis and management. Abnormalities in terminal airflow deserve attention.

Objective: This study investigated whether the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the second and third seconds to forced vital capacity ([FEV-FEV]/FVC) correlates with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammation in patients with preserved spirometry.

Circadian rhythm and variability of large and small airway spirometric variables in healthy individuals.

Objective: To assess the diurnal rhythm and variability of lung function in healthy individuals, encompassing both large and small airways.

Methods: A prospective study enrolled 35 healthy adults without a history of smoking. Initial spirometry and a bronchodilation test were performed using the Jaeger spirometer, followed by a seven-day continuous home monitoring using the GOSPT2000.

Vitamin D status in hospitalized COVID‑19 patients is associated with disease severity and IL-5 production.

Background: There are many studies on the relationship between vitamin D and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), while the results are matters of debate and the mechanisms remain unknown. The present study was performed to assess the impact of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels on the severity of disease in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and identify potential mechanisms of 25(OH)D alterations.

Methods: A total of 399 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were recruited from three centers between December 19, 2022, and February 1, 2023.

K-means cluster analysis of characteristic patterns of allergen in different ages: Real life study.

Background: Atopy varies in people of different ages owing to different physical conditions and exposure to allergens. We aimed to cluster ages based on atopic severity using K-means cluster analysis and identify atopic incidence, severity, as well as the association among peripheral eosinophils, IgE and sensitisation.

Methods: Consecutive patients (n = 7654) with allergic symptoms and undergoing allergen-specific IgE tests were included from 2013 to 2017.

Simultaneous online SPE-HPLC-MS/MS quantification of gefitinib, osimertinib and icotinib in dried plasma spots: Application to therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Gefitinib, osimertinib and icotinib are the most commonly used tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutation. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for these TKIs has become a standard and essential procedure. Dried plasma spots (DPS) was choosen for microsampling strategies for TDM, allowing easy and cost-effective logistics in many settings.

Evaluating the effects of vitamin D Level on airway obstruction in two asthma endotypes in humans and in two mouse models with different intake of vitamin D during early-life.

Introduction: Asthma is primarily divided into two categories: type 2 (T2-high) and non-type 2 (T2-low). A relationship between asthma severity and vitamin D deficiency has been identified, but its impact on each asthma endotype remains unknown.

Methods: We clinically examined the influence of vitamin D on patients with T2-high (n = 60) or T2-low asthma (n = 36) compared with controls (n = 40).

Cellular analysis and metagenomic next-generation sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the distinction between pulmonary non-infectious and infectious disease.

Background: The aim of the current study was to investigate the clinical value of cellular analysis and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in differentiating pulmonary non-infectious and infectious diseases in immunocompetent patients.

Methods: The present retrospective study was conducted from December 2017 to March 2020, and included immunocompetent patients with suspected pulmonary infection. High-resolution computed tomography, total cell counts and classification of BALF, conventional microbiological tests (CMTs), laboratory tests and mNGS of BALF were performed.

Prediction of bronchodilation test in adults with chronic cough suspected of cough variant asthma.

Background: Many patients with cough variant asthma (CVA) are underdiagnosed and undertreated due to the atypical symptoms, low diagnostic sensitivity of bronchodilator response (BDR), and limited application of bronchial challenge test.

Objective: To investigate whether airway reversibility in BDR can predict CVA diagnosis in patients with chronic cough and negative BDR.

Methods: This open-label, prospective cohort study included patients with chronic cough, nearly normal chest CT scan, and negative BDR results.

Age-related circadian rhythm and variability of large- and small-airway function in healthy non-smoking adults: Data from 7-day diurnal and nocturnal home monitoring using an electronic portable spirometer.

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the possible influencing factors of the large- and small-airway function variation in healthy non-smoking adults.

Methods: Healthy non-medical non-smoking adults were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Each participant took the portable spirometer test relying only on video teaching.

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells suppress ozone-mediated airway inflammation in a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objective And Design: Ozone exposure is an important risk factor for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) which is a global public health concern. Until now, there is no effective approach to reverse airflow limitation and accelerated loss of lung function completely. Here, we delineate the efficacy of mouse allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (mASCs) in the treatment of COPD mice by intratracheal and intravenous administration.

Short-acting beta-2 agonist prescription patterns and clinical outcomes in Chinese patients with asthma: an observational study in mainland China for the SABINA programme.

Objectives: The SABINA CHINA study aimed to determine prescription data for asthma medication with a focus on SABA and ICS in a representative population of patients with asthma in China.

Methods: SABINA China was a multicentre, observational, cross-sectional study with data collected retrospectively from a convenience sample of 25 tertiary centres across China. Patients (age ⩾ 12 years) with ⩾3 consultations/year were enrolled.

Translation and validation of the Chinese version of Patient-completed Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire and its implementation in patient education.

Background: Poor control of asthma results from many factors, partly due to inadequate knowledge towards asthma among patients. It is necessary to know patients' knowledge level before education. However, there is no accepted instrument to evaluate knowledge of asthma in Chinese patients with asthma.

STAT3 and IL-6 Contribute to Corticosteroid Resistance in an OVA and Ozone-induced Asthma Model with Neutrophil Infiltration.

Exposure to high levels of ozone contributes to insensitivity to glucocorticoids in asthma treatment, but the underlying mechanisms are not known. We built two asthma models: a "T2-high" asthma model was established by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization/challenge and OVA sensitization/challenge combined with ozone exposure (OVA + ozone) was used to induce airway inflammation with increased numbers of neutrophils to simulate "T2-low" asthma. The expression of T-helper (Th)1/2/17-related cytokines was measured by cytokine antibody arrays.

Effect of Vitamin D Deficiency and Supplementation in Lactation and Early Life on Allergic Airway Inflammation and the Expression of Autophagy-Related Genes in an Ovalbumin Mouse Model.

Background And Objective: Vitamin D is involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including inflammation and autophagy. We aimed to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin D deficiency or supplementation initiated in lactation and early life on inflammation and autophagy in an ovalbumin (OVA) mouse model.

Methods: Female BALB/c were fed with vitamin D-deficient, sufficient or supplemented diets throughout lactation and their offspring followed the same diet after weaning.

Small-Airway Dysfunction is Involved in the Pathogenesis of Asthma: Evidence from Two Mouse Models.

Background: There has been growing evidence of small-airway dysfunction in patients with asthma. Few studies have evaluated the mechanism of small-airway dysfunction in mouse models of asthma.

Purpose: We explored the correlation between small-airway spirometric variables and large-airway function or inflammation in different endotypes of asthma.

Simultaneous and rapid determination of 12 tyrosine kinase inhibitors by LC-MS/MS in human plasma: Application to therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

In recent years, more than 50 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) was indicated against numerous cancers, especially outstanding advantages in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and several studies have shown that therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of TKIs can improve treatment efficacy and safety. The present study aimed to develop and validate a LC-MS/MS method for the TDM of 12 TKIs (gefitinib, erlotinib, afatinib, dacomitinib, icotinib, osimertinib, crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib, dabrafenib, trametinib, anlotinib) in patients with NSCLC. The analytes of interest and internal standard were extracted from human plasma.

Clinical features in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with early clearance and prolonged shedding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA.

Background: Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the pattern of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA shedding has not been well characterized.

Methods: In our study, 652 patients in Wuhan Designated Hospital were recruited, and their clinical and laboratory findings were extracted and analyzed.

Results: The median duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection was 23 days [interquartile range (IQR), 18 days] from symptom onset.

Factors Associated with the Expression of ACE2 in Human Lung Tissue: Pathological Evidence from Patients with Normal FEV and FEV/FVC.

Background: Whether COVID-19 comorbidities and risk factors such as old age, male gender, smoking, obesity, eosinophils and blood types have direct contact with expression of ACE2 and pro-inflammation cytokines in human lung tissues were still unclear.

Patients And Methods: Sixty-four patients with normal FEV and FEV/FVC underwent thoracotomy for pulmonary nodules were included. Blinded histological assessments were performed by two pathologists.

Small-Airway Function Variables in Spirometry, Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide, and Circulating Eosinophils Predicted Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Patients with Mild Asthma.

Purpose: Patients with variable symptoms suggestive of asthma but with normal forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV) often fail to be diagnosed without a bronchial provocation test, but the test is expensive, time-consuming, risky, and not readily available in all clinical settings.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in 692 patients with FEV≥80% predicted; normal neutrophils and chest high-resolution computed tomography; and recurrent dyspnea, cough, wheeze, and chest tightness.

Results: Compared with subjects negative for AHR (n=522), subjects positive for AHR (n=170) showed increased FENO values, peripheral eosinophils (EOS), and R5-R20; decreased FEV, FEV/Forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory flow (FEFs) (≤.

Spirometric Changes in Bronchodilation Tests as Predictors of Asthma Diagnosis and Treatment Response in Patients with FEV ≥ 80% Predicted.

Background: Many patients with mild asthma are undiagnosed and untreated due to the low diagnostic sensitivity of bronchodilation test (BDT).

Objective: To investigate whether airway reversibility in BDT and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Feno) can predict the response to antiasthma therapy (RAT) in patients with suspected asthma.

Methods: This open-label, prospective cohort study included patients with chronic recurrent asthma symptoms, normal FEV, and negative BDT results.

[Intervention of Vascular Dysplasia Caused by Different Mechanisms - Anlotinib for Right Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Combined with Thromboangiitis Obliterans: A Case Report and Literature Review].

Background: To date, there is no effective treatment for thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO). Anlotinib, as a third-line therapy, is recommended for patients with refractory advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We presented a case report of a patient suffering from right lung squamous cell carcinoma combined with thromboangiitis obliterans, and analyzed the treatment dilemma, which provided a new idea for the treatment of these two diseases.

CXCR4 knockdown prevents inflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages by suppressing activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.

Background: Recent evidence has shown that C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) plays a crucial role in acute lung injury (ALI). Macrophages are key factors in the pathogenesis of ALI. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of CXCR4 in macrophages after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation and confirm that CXCR4 knockdown can inhibit inflammatory cytokines by suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway activation.

The effects of neutralizing anti-murine interleukin-17A monoclonal antibody on ozone-induced inflammation and glucocorticoids insensitivity in a murine model of asthma.

Background And Objective: Exposure to ozone contributed to the worsening of inflammation and glucocorticoids insensitivity in OVA-challenged asthma. Interleukin-17A participates centrally in stages of the inflammatory response and glucocorticoids insensitivity. In this study, the effect of neutralizing anti-murine interleukin-17A monoclonal antibody (IL-17A mAb) on inflammation and glucocorticoids insensitivity in ozone-exposed and ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged mice was investigated.