Vibrio salinus sp. nov., a marine nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from the lagoon sediment of an islet inside an atoll in the western Pacific Ocean.

A marine, facultatively anaerobic, nitrogen-fixing bacterium, designated strain DNF-1, was isolated from the lagoon sediment of Dongsha Island, Taiwan. Cells grown in broth cultures were Gram-negative rods that were motile by means of monotrichous flagella. Cells grown on plate medium produced prosthecae and vesicle-like structures.

Vibrio nitrifigilis sp. nov., a marine nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from the lagoon sediment of an islet inside an atoll.

A nitrogen-fixing isolate of facultatively anaerobic, marine bacterium, designated strain NFV-1, was recovered from the lagoon sediment of Dongsha Island, Taiwan. It was a Gram-negative rod which exhibited motility with monotrichous flagellation in broth cultures. The strain required NaCl for growth and grew optimally at about 25-35 °C, 3% NaCl and pH 7-8.

Glaciimonas soli sp. nov., a soil bacterium isolated from the forest of a high elevation mountain.

A Gram-negative, psychrophilic bacterium, designated strain GS1, was isolated from a forest soil sample collected from the West Peak of Mt. Yushan, Yushan National Park, Taiwan. Cells grown in broth cultures were mostly non-motile and non-flagellated, whereas motile cells with monotrichous, subpolar flagella were also observed.

gen. nov., sp. nov., a facultatively anaerobic marine bacterium that ferments glucose with gas production.

Two isolates of heterotrophic, facultatively anaerobic, marine bacteria, designated DM1 and DM2, were recovered from a lagoon sediment sample of Dongsha Island, Taiwan. Cells were Gram-reaction-negative rods. Nearly all of the cells were non-motile and non-flagellated during the late exponential to early stationary phase of growth, while a few of the cells exhibited motility with monotrichous flagellation.

Spongiibacter taiwanensis sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from aged seawater.

A Gram-reaction-negative, heterotrophic, marine bacterium, designated strain SPT1T, was isolated from an aged seawater sample which was collected from the shallow coastal region of Nanya, Keelung, Taiwan and stored at room temperature for more than 7 years. Strain SPT1T was a motile rod which exhibited monotrichous flagellation. It required NaCl for growth and exhibited optimal growth at 30-35 °C, 1-3 % NaCl and pH 7-8.

gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from shallow coastal water.

A Gram-negative, heterotrophic, marine bacterium, designated strain TT1, was isolated from seawater collected from the shallow coastal region of Anping Harbour, Tainan, Taiwan. Cells grown in broth cultures were straight rods that were motile by means of a single polar flagellum. The isolate required NaCl for growth and exhibited optimal growth at 30-35 °C, 2-4 % NaCl and pH 7-8.

Prokaryotic assemblages and metagenomes in pelagic zones of the South China Sea.

Background: Prokaryotic microbes, the most abundant organisms in the ocean, are remarkably diverse. Despite numerous studies of marine prokaryotes, the zonation of their communities in pelagic zones has been poorly delineated. By exploiting the persistent stratification of the South China Sea (SCS), we performed a 2-year, large spatial scale (10, 100, 1000, and 3000 m) survey, which included a pilot study in 2006 and comprehensive sampling in 2007, to investigate the biological zonation of bacteria and archaea using 16S rRNA tag and shotgun metagenome sequencing.

Gemella parahaemolysans sp. nov. and Gemella taiwanensis sp. nov., isolated from human clinical specimens.

Four Gram-staining-positive, catalase-negative, coccoid isolates, designated NTUH_1465(T), NTUH_2196, NTUH_4957 and NTUH_5572(T), were isolated from human specimens. The four isolates displayed more than 99.6% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Gemella haemolysans ATCC 10379(T), and 96.

Aliidiomarina shirensis sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from Shira Lake in Khakasia, southern Siberia, and a proposal to transfer Idiomarina maris to the genus Aliidiomarina.

Strain AIS(T), an aerobic halophilic, Gram-reaction-negative, heterotrophic bacterium isolated from the water of Shira Lake in Khakasia, southern Siberia, was characterized using a polyphasic approach. Our analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that 'Aliidiomarina haloalkalitolerans', 'Aliidiomarina sanyensis', Idiomarina maris and AIS(T) formed a distinct lineage. The sequence similarities between AIS(T) and the type strains of species of the genera Idiomarina and Aliidiomarina were 91.

Complete Genome Sequence of Simiduia agarivorans SA1(T), a Marine Bacterium Able To Degrade a Variety of Polysaccharides.

Simiduia agarivorans strain SA1(T) is able to degrade a variety of polysaccharides found in marine algae, plants, and animals. The genome of S. agarivorans SA1(T) consists of a single chromosome (4,309,711 bp), and its information may provide insights into the polysaccharide-degrading capability, cell division, flagellar motility, and chemotaxis of this bacterium.

Reclassification of [Glaciecola] lipolytica and [Aestuariibacter] litoralis in Aliiglaciecola gen. nov., as Aliiglaciecola lipolytica comb. nov. and Aliiglaciecola litoralis comb. nov., respectively.

Following phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, together with DNA G+C contents and differential chemotaxonomic and physiological characteristics, a new genus with the name Aliiglaciecola gen. nov. is proposed to more appropriately accommodate two recognized species of the genera Glaciecola and Aestuariibacter.

Kangiella taiwanensis sp. nov. and Kangiella marina sp. nov., marine bacteria isolated from shallow coastal water.

Two Gram-negative, heterotrophic, aerobic, marine bacteria, designated strains KT1(T) and KM1(T), were isolated from seawater samples collected from the shallow coastal regions of northern Taiwan. Cells grown in broth cultures were non-flagellated rods. NaCl was required for growth.

Aliidiomarina taiwanensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from shallow coastal water.

A Gram-negative, heterotrophic, aerobic, marine bacterium, designated AIT1(T), was isolated from a seawater sample collected in the shallow coastal region of Bitou Harbour, New Taipei City, Taiwan. Cells grown in broth cultures were straight or slightly curved rods that were motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Strain AIT1(T) required NaCl for growth, grew optimally at 30-40°C and with 1.

Aliagarivorans marinus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Aliagarivorans taiwanensis sp. nov., facultatively anaerobic marine bacteria capable of agar degradation.

Two agarolytic strains of Gram-negative, heterotrophic, facultatively anaerobic, marine bacteria, designated AAM1T and AAT1T, were isolated from seawater samples collected in the shallow coastal region of An-Ping Harbour, Tainan, Taiwan. Cells grown in broth cultures were straight rods that were motile by means of a single polar flagellum. The two isolates required NaCl for growth and grew optimally at about 25-30 degrees C, in 2-4% NaCl and at pH 8.

Pseudidiomarina marina sp. nov. and Pseudidiomarina tainanensis sp. nov. and reclassification of Idiomarina homiensis and Idiomarina salinarum as Pseudidiomarina homiensis comb. nov. and Pseudidiomarina salinarum comb. nov., respectively.

Two Gram-negative strains of heterotrophic, aerobic, marine bacteria, designated PIM1T and PIN1T, were isolated from seawater samples collected from the shallow coastal region of An-Ping Harbour, Tainan, Taiwan. Cells grown in broth cultures were straight rods and non-motile. The two isolates required NaCl for growth and grew optimally at 30-35 degrees C and 2-5 % NaCl.

Simiduia agarivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine, agarolytic bacterium isolated from shallow coastal water from Keelung, Taiwan.

A Gram-negative, heterotrophic, agarolytic, marine bacterium, designated strain SA1T, was isolated from a seawater sample collected in the shallow coastal region of Keelung, Taiwan. Cells were straight to slightly curved rods. Nearly all of the cells were non-motile and non-flagellated during the exponential phase of growth in broth cultures; a few cells (<1 %) were motile and were considered to have monotrichous flagella.

Alteromonas tagae sp. nov. and Alteromonas simiduii sp. nov., mercury-resistant bacteria isolated from a Taiwanese estuary.

Two mercury-resistant strains of heterotrophic, aerobic, marine bacteria, designated AT1(T) and AS1(T), were isolated from water samples collected from the Er-Jen River estuary, Tainan, Taiwan. Cells were Gram-negative rods that were motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Buds and prosthecae were produced.

Isolation and characterization of marine luminous bacteria from shallow coastal waters of Taiwan.

Background And Purpose: Marine luminous bacteria were isolated and identified from samples in shallow coastal waters of Taiwan during the relatively warm seasons.

Methods: Identification of the luminous isolates was performed based on differences of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics together with data from phylogenetic analysis.

Results: Twenty seven strains of marine luminous bacteria were isolated.

Bowmanella denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov., a denitrifying bacterium isolated from seawater from An-Ping Harbour, Taiwan.

A heterotrophic, non-fermentative, denitrifying isolate, designated strain BD1(T), was obtained from a seawater sample collected in the shallow coastal region of An-Ping Harbour, Tainan, Taiwan. The cells of strain BD1(T) were Gram-negative. Cells grown in broth cultures were curved rods that were motile by means of a single polar flagellum.

Thalassomonas agarivorans sp. nov., a marine agarolytic bacterium isolated from shallow coastal water of An-Ping Harbour, Taiwan, and emended description of the genus Thalassomonas.

A marine agarolytic bacterium, designated strain TMA1(T), was isolated from a seawater sample collected in a shallow-water region of An-Ping Harbour, Taiwan. It was non-fermentative and Gram-negative. Cells grown in broth cultures were straight or curved rods, non-motile and non-flagellated.

Zobellella denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov. and Zobellella taiwanensis sp. nov., denitrifying bacteria capable of fermentative metabolism.

Two denitrifying strains of heterotrophic, facultatively anaerobic bacteria, designated ZD1(T) and ZT1(T), were isolated from sediment samples collected from mangrove ecosystems in Taiwan. The isolates were Gram-negative. Cells grown in broth cultures were straight rods that were motile by means of a single polar flagellum.

Pseudidiomarina taiwanensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from shallow coastal water of An-Ping Harbour, Taiwan, and emended description of the family Idiomarinaceae.

Two strains of heterotrophic, aerobic, marine bacteria, designated strains PIT1T and PIT2, were isolated from sea-water samples collected at the shallow coastal region of An-Ping Harbour, Tainan, Taiwan. Both strains were Gram-negative. Cells grown in broth cultures were straight rods that were non-motile, lacking flagella.

Pseudovibrio denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine, facultatively anaerobic, fermentative bacterium capable of denitrification.

Two denitrifying strains of heterotrophic, facultatively anaerobic, marine bacteria, designated DN34(T) and DN33, were isolated from sea-water samples collected in Nanwan Bay, Kenting National Park, Taiwan. They were Gram-negative. Cells in late exponential to early stationary phase of growth were predominantly straight or curved rods, but Y- or V-shaped forms were also observed.

Marinobacter lutaoensis sp. nov., a thermotolerant marine bacterium isolated from a coastal hot spring in Lutao, Taiwan.

A heterotrophic and thermotolerant marine bacterium, designated strain T5054, was isolated from a hot spring on the coast of Lutao, Taiwan. It was a strictly aerobic, Gram-negative rod. Cells grown in broth cultures were non-spore-forming and motile by means of one to several polar flagella.