Temporal stability of tongue microbiota in older patients - A pilot study.

Background/purpose: Healthy states of human microbiota depend on a stable community of symbiotic microbes irrespective of external challenges from the environment. Thus, long-term stability of the oral microbiota is of importance, particularly for older patient populations.

Materials And Methods: We used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to examine the tongue microbiota of 18 individuals receiving long-term care over a 10-month period.

Profiles of oral microbiome associated with nasogastric tube feeding.

Background: Dysbiosis of oral microbiome causes chronic diseases including dental caries and periodontitis, which frequently affect older patient populations. Severely disabled individuals with impaired swallowing functions may require nutritional supply via nasogastric (NG) tubes, further impacting their oral condition and possibly microbial composition. However, little is known about the effect of NG tube on oral microbes and its potential ramification.

Effects of food hardness on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis: Qualitative and quantitative micro-CT analysis of rats in vivo.

Background: Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) is a degenerative joint disease in which quantitative analysis based on magnetic resonance image (MRI) or cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) remains limited. Moreover, the long-term effects of soft food on the adaptive condylar remodeling process in TMJ-OA remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the effects of food hardness on adaptive condylar remodeling in a healthy TMJ, TMJ-OA, and controlled TMJ-OA.

Locational effects on oral microbiota among long-term care patients.

Background: Dysbiosis of oral microbiota is the cause of many diseases related to oral and general health. However, few Asia-based studies have evaluated the role of oral microbiota in patients receiving long-term care. Thus, new indications are needed for early prevention and risk management based on information derived from the oral microbiota.

Comparison of upper airway measurement by lateral cephalogram in upright position and CBCT in supine position.

Background/purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common form of sleep disorder. Lateral cephalograms and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) have been used for evaluation. However, it is lack of position comparison for these two assessments.

Role of Link N in Modulating Inflammatory Conditions.

Aims: To elucidate the role of Link N in regulating inflammatory molecules from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) under interleukin (IL)-1β stimulation in vitro and under Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in vivo.

Methods: In vitro analysis of inflammatory cytokines and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) genes in hMSCs treated with Link N, IL-1β, and co-stimulation of IL-1β and Link N was undertaken using Luminex multiplex assays and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. To determine the impact of Link N in ameliorating TMJ tissue homeostasis in arthritic conditions, histologic changes in CFA-induced arthritic TMJ tissues followed by application of Link N were examined.

Functional disorders of the temporomandibular joints: Internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most complex joints of the human body. Due to its unique movement, in terms of combination of rotation and translator movement, disc of the joint plays an important role to maintain its normal function. In order to sustain the normal function of the TMJ, disc must be kept in proper position as well as maintain normal shape in all circumstances.

Response of the temporomandibular joint tissue of rats to rheumatoid arthritis induction methods.

Background/purpose: The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder remains unclear. Studies have reported the change of the TMJ after complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) injection, which is consistent with osteoarthritis. However, few studies have reported that the tissue response of the TMJ in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) can mimic RA.

Comparison of Three Techniques for Swine Temporomandibular Joint Space Injection.

Aims: To compare the feasibility and accuracy of three injection techniques for entering the superior joint space of the swine temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Methods: Nine swine were used for this study, in which 500 μL of colored dye was injected into both TMJs of each swine. Three injection techniques were used: the posterior injection (PI), the anterosuperior injection (ASI), and the lateral injection (LI) techniques.