The Effect of Competence-Building Narrative on Chinese Adolescents' Persistence.

Persistence is one of the most critical aspects of learning motivation, but little attention has been paid to persistence intervention in the literature. The current study took a perspective from narrative psychology to examine the effect of narrative form on junior middle school students' ability to persist. Thirty-two students were randomly assigned to the experimental group of competence-building narrative and the control group.

Effect of Pr/Zn on the anti-humidity and acetone-sensing properties of CoO prepared by electrospray.

CoO is a P-type metal-oxide semiconductor which can realize acetone detection at a lower temperature, but the lower working temperature brings the enhanced humidity effect. In order to solve the problem of a CoO gas sensor being easily affected by humidity, an acetone-sensing material of CoO mixed with Pr/Zn was prepared by electrospray in this work. The optimal working temperature of Pr/Zn-CoO is 160 °C, and the detection limit can reach 1 ppm.

High acetone sensing properties of InO-NiO one-dimensional heterogeneous nanofibers based on electrospinning.

Pure NiO nanofibers and the InO-NiO one-dimensional heterogeneous nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning, and the gas sensing properties to acetone were also investigated. Material characterization proved that the heterogeneous nanofibers were composed of InO and NiO, and the nanofibers exhibited an enhanced sensitivity to acetone. At the optimal working temperature, the response of InO-NiO nanofibers to 50 ppm acetone was more than 10 times higher than that of pure NiO nanofibers.

Gratitude Intervention Evokes Indebtedness: Moderated by Perceived Social Distance.

Previous study suggests that gratitude intervention evokes indebtedness among people from an interdependent society. This study furtherly hypothesized that perceived social distance moderates the effect of gratitude intervention on felt indebtedness. A total of 275 adolescents were randomly assigned to three gratitude intervention conditions, namely, writing gratitude to significant others, the health of one's own, or nothing.

Relationship between relative deprivation and health of Hainan Island residents: mediating effect of negative health behaviors.

Despite extensive evidence of the direct impact of relative deprivation on health, the mediating role of tobacco, alcohol and betel nuts in this impact has been largely ignored. This study aimed to verify whether these negative health behaviors are mediating factors for relative deprivation and health according to the mediating effect concept. Data from the Hainan Island Residents Health Interview Survey in 2017 were used.

Does Perceiving the Poor as Warm and the Rich as Cold Enhance Perceived Social Justice? The Effects of Activating Compensatory Stereotypes on Justice Perception.

Compensatory stereotypes are the fundamental components of social perception, and competence and warmth are the two fundamental dimensions of social cognition. Previous studies have concluded that, to maintain belief in justice, the system justification motive leads people to believe that upper- and lower-class groups each have their own unique and mutually offsetting advantages and disadvantages (e.g.

Cholinergic tone in ventral tegmental area: Functional organization and behavioral implications.

The ventral tegmental area (VTA), a pivotal brain region of the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system, is substantially innervated and modulated by cholinergic projections from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and laterodorsal tegmental nucleus. In this review, we focus mainly on the current findings on VTA cholinergic compositions and functions, including VTA cholinergic innervations and synaptic connectivity, acetylcholine receptor expression and functional characteristics, cholinergic modulation of neuronal activity and dopamine efflux, cholinergic modulation of VTA-mediated behaviors such as reward and addiction, stress and depression, locomotion, etc. Taken together, these findings indicate that cholinergic transmission to the VTA plays an important role in modulation of the VTA circuit, which is implicated in regulation of multiple behaviors.

A passenger reduces sleepy driver's activation in the right prefrontal cortex: A laboratory study using near-infrared spectroscopy.

The present study aimed to examine how a passenger affects the sleepiness effect (awake vs. sleepy) on an individual's prefrontal activation during a simulated driving-game task using a wireless portable near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device. Participants drove from start to goal along default routes either solely (no-passenger group) or with a friend sitting beside him/her as a passenger (with-passenger group).

The mnemonic mover: nostalgia regulates avoidance and approach motivation.

In light of its role in maintaining psychological equanimity, we proposed that nostalgia--a self-relevant, social, and predominantly positive emotion--regulates avoidance and approach motivation. We advanced a model in which (a) avoidance motivation triggers nostalgia and (b) nostalgia, in turn, increases approach motivation. As a result, nostalgia counteracts the negative impact of avoidance motivation on approach motivation.