Erratum to: Detection and correction of incomplete duplicate 24-hour urine collections - theory and practical evidence.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.11613/BM.2021.

Detection and correction of incomplete duplicate 24-hour urine collections - theory and practical evidence.

Introduction: The intraindividual variability in urinary creatinine excretion is notoriously large. The aims of this study were to investigate the variability of duplicate consecutive 24-hour urinary creatinine excretions in patients and to develop a model for the detection and correction of discrepant creatinine excretions.

Materials And Methods: A group of 270 patients (82 men and 188 women) were included in the study.

Protocolised inpatient care of diabetes mellitus.

Background: The prevalence of hyperglycaemia in patients with diabetes mellitus at admission is high. Prevention and treatment is important to prevent further clinical complications. We have conducted a study evaluating implementation of a new protocol to standardise inpatient care of patients with diabetes mellitus.

Validation of a new generation POCT glucose device with emphasis on aspects important for glycemic control in the hospital care.

Background: Point-of-care (POC) glucose devices are widely used for insulin-dosage decision-making although such an application is not always permitted. In this study, we have evaluated a new generation of POC glucose device, the HemoCue(®) Glucose 201DMRT (201DMRT), for its suitability for (tight) glycemic control.

Materials And Methods: This study was performed according to the CLSI/STARD criteria.

Prophylactic treatment with alkaline phosphatase in cardiac surgery induces endogenous alkaline phosphatase release.

Introduction: Laboratory and clinical data have implicated endotoxin as an important factor in the inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass. We assessed the effects of the administration of bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase (bIAP), an endotoxin detoxifier, on alkaline phosphatase levels in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

Methods: A total of 63 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting were enrolled and prospectively randomized.

Plasma water as a diagnostic tool in the assessment of dehydration in children with acute gastroenteritis.

Acute gastroenteritis is common in childhood. The estimation of the degree of dehydration is essential for management of acute gastroenteritis. Plasma water was assessed as a diagnostic tool in children with acute gastroenteritis and dehydration admitted to hospital.

[Prospective comparison of the flow chart for laboratory investigations for anaemia from the Dutch College of General Practitioners' guideline 'Anaemia' with a self-developed, substantive and logistical alternative flow chart].

Objective: To compare the flow diagram for the diagnosis of anaemia from the guideline 'Anaemia' from the Dutch College of General Practitioners (NHG) with a substantive and logistical alternative protocol.

Design: Prospective.

Method: For evaluation of anaemia, 124 patients from primary care reported to the laboratories of the St.

Cystatin C: unsuited to use as a marker of kidney function in the intensive care unit.

: We read with interest the article by Villa and coworkers 1 advocating the use of cystatin C as a measure of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in critically ill patients. However, we should like to draw attention to several flaws in this study. First, Villa and coworkers compared cystatin C with creatinine as a measure of GFR, using body surface corrected creatinine clearance as, what they call, a 'gold standard'.

Correlation between severity of thyroid dysfunction and renal function.

Objective: Renal function is profoundly influenced by thyroid status; however, this has not been studied in detail in human subjects. The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between renal function and thyroid status before and after treatment for hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, respectively.

Design And Patients: In 37 consecutive hypothyroid and 14 hyperthyroid patients renal function as measured by plasma creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) [based on the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula] was determined before treatment and after regaining euthyroidism.

Procalcitonin as an early marker of infection in neonates and children.

A child or neonate presenting with fever is a common medical problem. To differentiate between those with a severe bacterial infection and those with a localised bacterial or a viral infection can be a challenge. This review provides an overview of neonatal and paediatric studies that assess the use of procalcitonin as an early marker of bacterial infection.

Measurement of pyruvate in blood by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.

Accurate measurement of pyruvate is particularly important in the detection of mitochondrial enzyme disorders. describe a simple high-performance liquid chromatography assay for pyruvate with derivatization and fluorescence detection. Between-run variation is below 4.

Graphical non-linear representation of multi-dimensional laboratory measurements in their clinical context.

A polygon-based graphical representation of laboratory test results using nonlinear scaling is described. It is argued that the nonlinearity of the scale and the use of colors in the representation facilitates interpretation of the test result in its relationship to the standard reference range and critical clinical decision levels. Preliminary results suggest that this representation may be fruitfully used to enhance the efficiency of the information transfer from the clinical chemistry laboratory to clinicians.

Multicentre comparison of the Novo Biolabs immunometric CK-MB assay with four established methods.

The analytical performance of a new immunometric CK-MB assay from Novo Biolabs was evaluated in three hospitals. Comparisons were made with another immunometric assay, an immune inhibition/precipitation technique, an immune inhibition method, and a column separation method. The Novo assay exhibited good precision (CV 3-7%) at all concentration levels tested (6-150 micrograms/L) and was found to be linear over the range 0-200 micrograms/L.

A multi-dimensional analysis of three chemical quantities in the blood.

A three-dimensional model for the analysis of the three quantities pH, pCO2 and base excess (BE), as measured in arterial blood, is presented. Whereas the conventional analysis of these quantities relies on reference regions as established from the univariate distributions, treating the quantities as uncorrelated, the present model estimates the parameters of the three-dimensional reference region from a sample of observations, based on the assumption that the observations inside the reference region follow a multi-dimensional Gaussian distribution. For observations outside the reference region, reference directions are established, corresponding to the conventionally defined specific states of acid-base disturbances.

Pseudohyperkalaemia in thrombocythaemia.

Pseudohyperkalaemia in thrombocythaemia, in its primary form or associated with polycythaemia vera, can occur with platelet counts in excess of 600 X 10(9)/l, and it is not related to high leukocyte or thrombocyte counts. An increment of 0.15 mmol/l serum potassium was found for every 100 X 10(9)/l rise in platelet count with a correlation coefficient of 0.

Detection of aberrant observations in a background of an unknown multidimensional Gaussian distribution.

An exploratory iterative technique for the detection of aberrant observations on a background of a multidimensional Gaussian distribution is described. Its development was motivated by the analysis of a set of three measurements reflecting the acid-base metabolism in the blood of 2,402 intensive care patients. This new, three-dimensional treatment of such data yields a meaningful description.

Serum water determination by means of microwave evaporation.

A novel method is described for the determination of serum water using a microwave oven. The sources of experimental errors were analysed. Serum samples from two hundred patients were analysed for sodium, water and protein, and the data were used to calculate serum sodium molalities.

Renal stone analysis: LITHOS, an expert system for evaluation of X-ray diffractograms of urinary calculi.

An expert system for evaluation of X-ray diffraction patterns of urinary calculi is described and evaluated. The software was developed using the PERSONAL CONSULTANT expert system shell from Texas Instruments.

Alkaline phosphatase and cholestasis.

The process of cholestasis in both man and rat leads in the majority of cases to the appearance of a biliary band in the electrophoresis of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes. In this article, the biochemical nature and mode of formation of the biliary band is discussed, with reference to its appearance in cholestasis and other hepatobiliary diseases.

Hydrophobic properties of alkaline phosphatases.

The butanol extraction method of Morton (1950), a routine step in enzyme purification, is discussed with special reference to a hydrophobic form of alkaline phosphatase from human liver tissue. This form slowly precipitates from butanol-extracted liver tissue homogenates stored at 4 degrees C. Furthermore, it is lost when acetone precipitation is applied as a purification procedure.

Isoelectric focusing of alkaline phosphatases in agarose gel.

An isoelectric focusing technique in agarose gel is presented which is suitable for alkaline phosphatases from both serum and tissue sources. An anomaly in the literature about isoelectric focusing of serum alkaline phosphatase from liver origin is discussed and a possible explanation is proposed. The presented technique is used to demonstrate some differences in behaviour of serum liver and bone isoenzymes towards neuraminidase treatment.