Deciphering the cellular landscape and potential targets of nasopharyngeal and oral cancers using single-cell RNA sequencing.

Cellular heterogeneity in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) and oral cancer remains unclear. In the current study, using single-cell RNA sequencing techniques, we investigated the cellular landscape in NPC and oral cancers. We identified a diverse range of cell types within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and variations in cell infiltration between NPC and oral cancer.

Differentially Infiltrated Identification of Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers Associated with Immune Infiltration in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Background: The prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating immune cells has been widely studied in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the role of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the diagnosis of NPC has not been fully elucidated. Thus, tumor-infiltrating immune cell-related biomarkers in the diagnosis of NPC patients were explored in the current study.

miR-339-3p inhibits cell growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by modulating the KAT6A/TRIM24 axis.

Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of the miR-339-3p/KAT6A/TRIM24 axis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression.

Methods: CNE2 and 5-8F NPC cell lines were transfected with miR-339-3p-mimic or sh-KAT6A alone or co-transfected with miR-339-3p-mimic and oe-KAT6A. The expression levels of miR-339-3p, KAT6A, TRIM24, and EMT-related proteins were assessed, in addition to cell biological behaviors.

Development of a rational strategy for integration of lactate dehydrogenase A suppression into therapeutic algorithms for head and neck cancer.

Background: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a critical metabolic enzyme. LDH A (LDHA) overexpression is a hallmark of aggressive malignancies and has been linked to tumour initiation, reprogramming and progression in multiple tumour types. However, successful LDHA inhibition strategies have not materialised in the translational and clinical space.

Long noncoding RNA HOXC13-AS positively affects cell proliferation and invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma via modulating miR-383-3p/HMGA2 axis.

Long noncoding RNAs have been reported to be important regulators in numerous cancers. In this study, we found that HOXC13 antisense RNA (HOXC13-AS) was highly expressed in head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSC) tissues in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) belongs to HNSC.

Loss of miR-16 contributes to tumor progression by activation of tousled-like kinase 1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

A different expression signature of miRNA in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been validated. MicroRNA-16 (miR-16) as one of the distinctly dysregulated miRNAs in OSCC, its functional role in progression of OSCC remains not fully clear. Herein, miR-16 expression was significantly lower in OSCC tissues compared to that in adjacent normal tissues (n = 131).

A novel dual-luciferase assay for anti-HIV drug screening based on the CCR5/CXCR4 promoters.

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a serious worldwide disease caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) and C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) are important coreceptors mediating HIV-1 cell entry. Many new anti-HIV drugs are currently in preclinical and clinical trials; however, drug development has proceeded slowly partly because of the lack of a high-throughput system to screen these drugs.

miR-15a induces cell apoptosis by targeting BCL2L2 and BCL2 in HPV-positive hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Aberrant expression of miR-15a was recently reported in several types of cancers; however, its role in HPV-positive hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) remains obscure. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism by which miR-15a induces HPV-positive HSCC apoptosis. Synthetic miR-15a mimics were transfected into FaDu cells (HPV-negative), and the miR-15a inhibitor was transfected into HPV-positive HSCC cells.

Effects of HPV-16 infection on hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and FaDu cells.

Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is a common type of malignant tumor among head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Heavy smoking and/or drinking is associated with the development of HNSCC. However, HNSCC also occurs in individuals that do not drink or smoke, possibly due to infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV).

[Study on one stage reconstruction of cranial base defects with ADM].

Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of reconstruction for the nose cranial base defects after removal of tumor with ADM.

Method: Thirteen patients with the nose skull base defects after tumors resection underwent cranial base reconstruction with ADM at the same time. Postoperatively, routine endoscopic and CT scan were performed on all patients at regular intervals.

Various presentations of fourth branchial pouch sinus tract during surgery.

Conclusion: A recurrent neck abscess or acute suppurative thyroiditis should arouse suspicion of fourth branchial pouch sinus. Complete surgical excision is usually curative. The classification of sinus tract according to the area where it is emerging from the larynx may be helpful in identifying the tract during surgery.

[Diagnosis and management of congenital pyriform sinus fistula].

Objective: To explore the clinical presentation and management principles of congenital pyriform sinus fistula.

Methods: Seven sequential cases of congenital pyriform sinus fistula (CPSF) treated between January 2007 and January 2011 were reported. The clinical presentation were recurrent left lower neck abscess or acute suppurative thyroiditis.

[Glossopharyngeal neurotomy through laterocervical approach to treat idiopathic glossopharyngeal neuralgia].

Objective: To introduce a modified laterocervical approach for glossopharyngeal neurotomy to treat idiopathic glossopharyngeal neuralgia.

Methods: The clinical data, the operative technique, the operative effects and (the results of) follow-up of 12 patients were presented. Through reviewing pertinent literatures, the therapeutic advancement of glossopharyngeal neuralgia and the modified technique of laterocervical approach for glossopharyngeal neurotomy were discussed.