Structural, Biophysical, and Computational Studies of a Murine Light Chain Dimer.

Antibodies are widely used in medicinal and scientific research due to their ability to bind to a specific antigen. Most often, antibodies are composed of heavy and light chain domains. Under physiological conditions, light chains are produced in excess, as compared to the heavy chain.

Simultaneous quantification of specific food allergen proteins using a fluorescent multiplex array.

The aim was to develop a fluorescent multiplex array for simultaneously measuring regulated food allergens using specific allergen protein molecules from peanut, tree nut, cow's milk, egg, soy, fish, shellfish, sesame, mustard and celery. Microspheres coupled to specific monoclonal antibodies were used for allergen detection, with purified allergens as reference standards.Standard curves for 17 allergens covered a 5-log dynamic range.

Bos d 11 in baked milk poses a risk for adverse reactions in milk-allergic patients.

Background: Patients are commonly challenged with foods containing baked milk, for example muffins, yet little is known about the specific allergen content of muffins used in milk challenges or of the effect that baking has on allergenicity.

Objective: Our objective was to compare the levels of major milk allergens in uncooked and baked muffins using monoclonal immunoassays and IgE antibody binding before and after baking.

Methods: Uncooked and baked muffins were prepared using recipes from Mount Sinai and Imperial College.

Innate Immunity Induced by the Major Allergen Alt a 1 From the Fungus Is Dependent Upon Toll-Like Receptors 2/4 in Human Lung Epithelial Cells.

Allergens are molecules that elicit a hypersensitive inflammatory response in sensitized individuals and are derived from a variety of sources. Alt a 1 is the most clinically important secreted allergen of the ubiquitous fungus, . It has been shown to be a major allergen causing IgE-mediated allergic response in the vast majority of -sensitized individuals.

Technological Innovations for High-Throughput Approaches to In Vitro Allergy Diagnosis.

Allergy diagnostics is being transformed by the advent of in vitro IgE testing using purified allergen molecules, combined with multiplex technology and biosensors, to deliver discriminating, sensitive, and high-throughput molecular diagnostics at the point of care. Essential elements of IgE molecular diagnostics are purified natural or recombinant allergens with defined purity and IgE reactivity, planar or bead-based multiplex systems to enable IgE to multiple allergens to be measured simultaneously, and, most recently, nanotechnology-based biosensors that facilitate rapid reaction rates and delivery of test results via mobile devices. Molecular diagnostics relies on measurement of IgE to purified allergens, the "active ingredients" of allergenic extracts.

Multilingual education of students on a global scale and perspective-international networking on the example of bioindication and biomonitoring (B&B technologies).

Living or formerly living organisms are being used to obtain information on the quality of the general health status of our environment by bioindication and biomonitoring methods for many decades. Thus, different roads toward this common scientific goal were developed by a lot of different international research groups. Global cooperation in between various scientific teams throughout the world has produced common ideas, scientific definitions, and highly innovative results of this extremely attractive working field.

Arsenic and other trace elements in two catfish species from Paranaguá Estuarine Complex, Paraná, Brazil.

Concentrations of arsenic and four additional trace elements (Cu, Cr, Ni, and Zn) were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry in the muscular tissue of the yellow catfish (Cathorops spixii) and the urutu catfish (Genidens genidens) from Paranaguá Estuarine Complex, Brazil (PEC). The PEC can be characterized by an environment of high ecological and economic importance in which preserved areas of rainforest and mangroves coexist with urban activities as ports and industries. The average concentrations (in milligram per kilogram dry weight) of elements in the muscle tissue of C.

Bioindication of atmospheric trace metals--with special references to megacities.

After considering the particular problems of atmospheric pollution in megacities, i.e. agglomerations larger than 5 mio.

Knowledge explosion in phytotechnologies for environmental solutions.

Bioremediation using biotechnology and biodiversity--a multiscale approach.