TiO NPs induce the reproductive toxicity in mice with gestational diabetes mellitus through the effects on the endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathway.

The effect of one of the most widely studied nanomaterials at present, TiO nanoparticles (NPs), on pregnancy-related diseases is not clear. In this study, the adverse effects of TiO NPs on mice with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their possible mechanism were investigated. GDM mice were orally administered 0, 10, 50 and 250 mg/kg TiO NPs for 14 days.

The effect of reproductive toxicity induced by ZnO NPs in mice during early pregnancy through mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.

The potential toxicity of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) to human beings has become a widespread concern. This study explored the reproductive toxicity and the mechanism of toxicity of ZnO NPs in early pregnant mice. The results showed that abnormal weight changes, induced inflammation, reduced level of serum sex hormones, damaged uterus, increased abortion, and abnormal development of fetus.

Protective effect of the NAC and Sal on zinc oxide nanoparticles-induced reproductive and development toxicity in pregnant mice.

The growing use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in various applications has raised many concerns about the potential risks to human health. In this research, the protective effects of cellular oxidative stress inhibitor N-Acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor Salubrinal (Sal) on reproductive toxicity induced by ZnO NPs were investigated. The results showed that application of these two kinds of cell stress inhibitors after oral ingestion of ZnO NPs could prevent the weight loss of pregnant mice; reduce zinc content in the uterus, placenta and fetus; reduce abnormal development of the offspring; and decrease fetal abortion.

Oral exposure of titanium oxide nanoparticles induce ileum physical barrier dysfunction via Th1/Th2 imbalance.

In this work, we aimed to evaluate the adverse effects and the mechanism of intestinal barrier caused by titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs). Here, the effects of two different dosages (300 and 1200 mg/kg) of TiO NPs on female mice (n = 5) were investigated. After 28-day oral exposure, the results of Ti content were significantly increased in the ileum in comparison with the control.

Nano Zinc Oxide Induced Fetal Mice Growth Restriction, Based on Oxide Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.

ZnO NPs have been assessed to show adverse effects on reproductive organs, but the molecular mechanisms of reproductive toxicity have not been sufficiently studied. In this research, the dosage effects from the oral exposure of ZnO NPs (30 nm) to pregnant mice in gestation day 10.5 to 17.

ZnO Nanoparticles Induced Male Reproductive Toxicity Based on the Effects on the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling Pathway.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the adverse effects of ZnO NPs on male reproductive system and explore the possible mechanism.

Methods: In this study, the effect of oral administration of 50, 150 and 450 mg/kg zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in adult male mice was studied over a 14-day period.

Results: The results showed that the number of sperms in the epididymis and the concentration of testosterone in serum were decreased with an increased dose of ZnO NPs.

CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots Impaired the First Two Generations of Placenta Growth in an Animal Model, Based on the Shh Signaling Pathway.

The toxicity, especially the transgenerational toxicity of quantum dots (QDs) in vivo, is still scarcely understood in spite of great promising applications of QDs in biomedicine. In this study, the maternal status, pregnancy outcome, and fetus development of parental generation (P0) to offspring in three generations (F3) were investigated after Kunming mice perinatal (GD 13-PND 5) exposure to Cd containing QDs (CdSe/ZnS QDs) and CdCl₂. The results show CdSe/ZnS QDs induced placenta injuries in P0 and diminished placenta diameters in F1 and F2.

Nano and bulk ZnO trigger diverse Zn-transport-related gene transcription in distinct regions of the small intestine in mice after oral exposure.

The oral ingestion of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) has attracted considerable attention because of the wide usage in food packaging and additives. The small intestine is the major absorption site for ZnO NPs. Unfortunately, studies on the absorption of ZnO NPs in the GIT were still scarce.