Retracted: Naturally Occurring Sesquiterpene Lactone-Santonin, Exerts Anticancer Effects in Multi-Drug Resistant Breast Cancer Cells by Inducing Mitochondrial Mediated Apoptosis, Caspase Activation, Cell Cycle Arrest, and by Targeting Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK Signaling Pathway.

It is now clear that the photomicrographs in Figure 2 are duplicates of the same image and that Figures 4 and 5 have been 'copied' from a publication "Lupeol triterpene exhibits potent antitumor effects in A427 human lung carcinoma cells via mitochondrial mediated apoptosis, ROS generation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and downregulation of m-TOR/PI3Ksol;AKT signalling pathway" by Wei He, Xiang Li, Shuyue Xia, PMID: 30003730. Because the manuscript contains non-credible results and has also breached copyright, this journal is retracting the above publication.

Complete chloroplast genome sequence of 'Nana' (Lythraceae) and phylogenetic analysis.

Pomegranate ( L.) is of great significance both as a fruit tree and an ornamental plant. Hereon, we sequenced and characterized the complete chloroplast genome of 'Nana' and performed phylogenetic analysis concerning related species.

Case Report: Low-Dose Decitabine Plus Anti-PD-1 Inhibitor Camrelizumab for Previously Treated Advanced Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Although the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have markedly changed the strategies of cancer treatment, most patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) do not respond to PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy. Epigenetic drugs have been hypothesized to possess the potential to sensitize PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Three patients with advanced metastatic NSCLC failed to respond to first-line systemic therapy and had a low tumor mutation burden, low tumor neoantigen burden, low microsatellite instability, and HLA loss of heterozygosity according to their target lesion biopsies, all of which were considered unfavorable factors for PD-1/PD-L1 blockage.

Corrigendum: Identification of Diverse Bat Alphacoronaviruses and Betacoronaviruses in China Provides New Insights Into the Evolution and Origin of Coronavirus-Related Diseases.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.

Trifolium Flavonoids Overcome Gefitinib Resistance of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cell by Suppressing ERK and STAT3 Signaling Pathways.

Gefitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and represents the first-line treatment for EGFR mutation patients with NSCLC (non-small-cell lung cancer) therapeutics. However, NSCLC patients are inclined to develop acquired gefitinib drug resistance through nowadays, unarticulated mechanisms of chemoresistance. Here, we investigated the role of TF (Trifolium flavonoids) on sensitizing gefitinib resistance in NSCLC cells and revealed its potential mechanism of action.

Efficacy and Safety of Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined With Anlotinib for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of using transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with anlotinib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, compared with TACE alone.

Methods: This was a single-center study, retrospectively recruited 82 unresectable HCC patients who received either TACE alone (TA group; n = 46) or TACE combined with anlotinib (TC group; n = 36) between Jan 2018 and Jan 2019. The primary outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Impact of Age on the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Based Combination Therapy for Non-small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Despite the acknowledged benefits of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combination therapy (either with other checkpoint inhibitors, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or radiotherapy), little is known about the impact of age on the efficacy of ICI -based combination therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the differences in the benefits of ICI-based combination therapy for NSCLC by age (cut-off age, 65 years). We systematically searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of ICI plus other therapies including other ICIs, chemotherapies, targeted therapies, or radiotherapies, in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases with available hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for death and disease progression according to patient age.

Novel serological biomarkers for inflammation in predicting disease severity in patients with COVID-19.

Background: Patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) develop acute respiratory distress and multi-system organ failure and are associated with poor prognosis and high mortality. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers to determine the risk of developing serious illness.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 114 patients with COVID-19 at the Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan based on their clinical and laboratory data.

Determinants of pain in advanced HCC patients recieving hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy.

Purpose Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) is one of the options to treat unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The majority of HCC patients suffer great pain in the course of HAIC treatment. To improve the quality of life and the efficacy of HAIC treatment, the causes of pain, the choice of an analgesic regimen, and the relationship between pain and prognosis of HCC were analyzed.

Clinical development of CAR T cell therapy in China: 2020 update.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has achieved significant success in the treatment of hematological malignancies. In recent years, fast-growing CAR T clinical trials have actively explored their potential application scenarios. According to the data from the clinicaltrials.

Occurrence, distribution, and health risk assessment of quinolone antibiotics in water, sediment, and fish species of Qingshitan reservoir, South China.

The residual antibiotics in the environment have lately caused widespread concerns. However, little information is available on the antibiotic bioaccumulation and its health risk in drinking water resources of South China. Therefore, the occurrence, distribution, and health risk of four quinolone antibiotics including ofloxacin (OFX), norfloxacin (NOR), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and enrofloxacin (ENR) in the Qingshitan reservoir using high-performance liquid chromatography were investigated.

Staprexanthones, Xanthone-Type Stimulators of Pancreatic β-Cell Proliferation from a Mangrove Endophytic Fungus.

This project was focused on the discovery of novel compounds that promote endogenous β-cell regeneration. Screening of extracts identified the fungus as a promising candidate. After fermentation and extraction of , we isolated five new prenylated xanthones, namely, staprexanthones A-E (-), with staprexanthone A () being the first natural xanthone bearing a rare 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane moiety.

Spatial distribution, source identification, and risk assessment of organochlorines in wild tilapia from Guangxi, South China.

Seventy-five wild tilapia samples from six rivers (ten sites) in Guangxi province were collected and analyzed for 53 organochlorine compounds. DDTs, endosulfan, and PCBs were the most dominant compounds found in this study. Tiandong County (TD) and Guigang City (GG) sites were found to be heavily contaminated with high levels of endosulfan (385-925 ng/g lw) and/or DDTs (20.

Lanostane inhibits the proliferation and bone metastasis of human breast cancer cells via inhibition of Rho-associated kinase signaling.

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the effects of lanostane against human breast cancer cells with emphasis on its potential to inhibit cancer cell growth and metastasis along with understanding the underlying molecular mechanism mediating the effects.

Methods: The SK-BR-3 normal breast line and the MB-157 breast cancer cell line were used in this study. MTT of cell growth was used to determine the viability of cells under lanostane treatment.

Publisher Correction: The tuatara genome reveals ancient features of amniote evolution.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Karyotypic Evolution of Sauropsid Vertebrates Illuminated by Optical and Physical Mapping of the Painted Turtle and Slider Turtle Genomes.

Recent sequencing and software enhancements have advanced our understanding of the evolution of genomic structure and function, especially addressing novel evolutionary biology questions. Yet fragmentary turtle genome assemblies remain a challenge to fully decipher the genetic architecture of adaptive evolution. Here, we use optical mapping to improve the contiguity of the painted turtle () genome assembly and use fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones, BAC-FISH, to physically map the genomes of the painted and slider turtles ().

Programming CAR T cells to enhance anti-tumor efficacy through remodeling of the immune system.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have been indicated effective in treating B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma and have shown encouraging results in preclinical and clinical studies. However, CAR T cells have achieved minimal success against solid malignancies because of the additional obstacles of their insufficient migration into tumors and poor amplification and persistence, in addition to antigen-negative relapse and an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Various preclinical studies are exploring strategies to overcome the above challenges.

The tuatara genome reveals ancient features of amniote evolution.

The tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus)-the only living member of the reptilian order Rhynchocephalia (Sphenodontia), once widespread across Gondwana-is an iconic species that is endemic to New Zealand. A key link to the now-extinct stem reptiles (from which dinosaurs, modern reptiles, birds and mammals evolved), the tuatara provides key insights into the ancestral amniotes. Here we analyse the genome of the tuatara, which-at approximately 5 Gb-is among the largest of the vertebrate genomes yet assembled.

MicroRNA-143 targets MAPK3 to regulate the proliferation and bone metastasis of human breast cancer cells.

MicroRNAs (miRs) have shown tremendous potential to act as therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. In this context, the present study was designed to investigate the potential of miR-143 in the treatment of breast cancer. Results showed that miR-143 to be significantly (P < 0.

Adaptive T cell immunotherapy in cancer.

Impaired tumor-specific effector T cells contribute to tumor progression and unfavorable clinical outcomes. As a compensatory T cell-dependent cancer immunoediting strategy, adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) has achieved encouraging therapeutic results, and this strategy is now on the center stage of cancer treatment and research. ACT involves the ex vivo stimulation and expansion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) with inherent tumor reactivity or T cells that have been genetically modified to express the cognate chimeric antigen receptor or T cell receptor (CAR/TCR), followed by the passive transfer of these cells into a lymphodepleted host.

Nanotechnology Assisted Chemotherapy for Targeted Cancer Treatment: Recent Advances and Clinical Perspectives.

Nanotechnology has recently provided exciting platforms in the field of anticancer research with promising potentials for improving drug delivery efficacy and treatment outcomes. Nanoparticles (NPs) possess different advantages over the micro and bulk therapeutic agents, including their capability to carry high payloads of drugs, with prolonged half-life, reduced toxicity of the drugs, and increased targeting efficiency. The wide variety of nanovectors, coupled with different conjugation and encapsulation methods available for different theranostic agents provide promising opportunities to fine-tune the pharmacological properties of these agents for more effective cancer treatment methods.

Deubiquitinase USP35 restrains STING-mediated interferon signaling in ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal malignant tumor of female reproductive system. It is well-known that induction of STING-mediated type I interferons can enhance the resultant antitumor activity. However, STING pathway is usually inactivated in cancer cells at multiple levels.

Bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of organophosphate esters in tropical marine food web, South China Sea.

Environmental exposure to organophosphate esters (OPEs) continues to be a concern. Little is known about their bioaccumulation and trophodynamics, especially in tropical food webs. This study collected seawater and fifteen types of organism from a tropical ecosystem, South China Sea, to investigate the species-specific compositional, bioaccumulation, and trophic transfer of OPEs.