Refining Defect States in WO by Mo Doping: A Strategy for Tuning N Activation towards Solar-Driven Nitrogen Fixation.

Photocatalysis may provide an intriguing approach to nitrogen fixation, which relies on the transfer of photoexcited electrons to the ultrastable N≡N bond. Upon N chemisorption at active sites (e.g.

Quaternion wavelet transform based full reference image quality assessment for multiply distorted images.

Most of real-world image distortions are multiply distortion rather than single distortion. To address this issue, in this paper we propose a quaternion wavelet transform (QWT) based full reference image quality assessment (FR IQA) metric for multiply distorted images, which jointly considers the local similarity of phase and magnitude of each subband via QWT. Firstly, the reference images and distorted images are decomposed by QWT, and then the similarity of amplitude and phase are calculated on each subband, thirdly the IQA metric is constructed by the weighting method considering human visual system (HVS) characteristics, and lastly the scores of each subband are averaged to get the quality score of test image.

Autotransporter MisL of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium facilitates bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation.

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is an important food-borne zoonotic pathogen that causes increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. The autotransporter (AT) proteins are a large and diverse family of extracellular proteins, many of which contribute to the pathogenicity of Gram-negative bacteria.

Segmented Terahertz Electron Accelerator and Manipulator (STEAM).

Acceleration and manipulation of electron bunches underlie most electron and X-ray devices used for ultrafast imaging and spectroscopy. New terahertz-driven concepts offer orders-of-magnitude improvements in field strengths, field gradients, laser synchronization and compactness relative to conventional radio-frequency devices, enabling shorter electron bunches and higher resolution with less infrastructure while maintaining high charge capacities (pC), repetition rates (kHz) and stability. We present a segmented terahertz electron accelerator and manipulator (STEAM) capable of performing multiple high-field operations on the 6D-phase-space of ultrashort electron bunches.

Construction of molecular regular tessellations on a Cu(111) surface.

Three types of molecular regular tessellations, i.e., hexagonal, square and triangular tessellations, were constructed on Cu(111) by using 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl as the precursor through molecular assembly.

Alterations of Notch pathway in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea and its impact on survival.

Introduction: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the trachea lacks of well-characterized molecular markers. There is currently no specific treatment for metastatic ACC of the trachea. This study aimed to identify genomic mutations of Notch pathway and investigate the efficacy of NOTCH inhibitor in ACC of the trachea.

Molecular polarizability anisotropy of liquid water revealed by terahertz-induced transient orientation.

Reaction pathways of biochemical processes are influenced by the dissipative electrostatic interaction of the reagents with solvent water molecules. The simulation of these interactions requires a parametrization of the permanent and induced dipole moments. However, the underlying molecular polarizability of water and its dependence on ions are partially unknown.

Is there a survival benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with liver oligometastases from colorectal cancer after curative resection?

Background: Although colorectal oligometastases to the liver can potentially be cured with aggressive local ablation, the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) for such metastasis remains unclear. The present study explored the effects of ACT on patients with colorectal liver oligometastases (CLO) after curative resections and aimed to identify patients who could benefit from ACT.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 264 eligible patients with CLO who underwent curative resection between September 1999 and June 2015.

Porphyromonas gingivalis strain-dependent inhibition of uterine spiral artery remodeling in the pregnant rat.

Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) is an important periodontal pathogen that is also implicated in pregnancy complications involving defective deep placentation (DDP). We hypothesized that Pg invasion of the placental bed promotes DDP. Pregnant rats were intravenously inoculated with sterile vehicle, Pg strain W83, or A7436 at gestation day (GD) 14 (acute cohort).

Neoadjuvant oxaliplatin and capecitabine combined with bevacizumab plus radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: results of a single-institute phase II study.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery is recommended as the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer, reducing local recurrence but not distant metastasis. Intensified systemic therapy is warranted to reduce the risk of distant metastasis. The present study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX) combined with bevacizumab plus radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Tumour YAP1 and PTEN expression correlates with tumour-associated myeloid suppressor cell expansion and reduced survival in colorectal cancer.

The expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) correlates with tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we found a significant association between CD33 MDSC number and Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) levels in CRC patients (P < 0·05). Moreover, the CD33 MDSCs, YAP1 and PTEN were identified as predictors for the prognosis of CRC patients (P < 0·05).

Long-Term Outcome of Oxaliplatin and Capecitabine (XELOX) Concomitant with Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy and Extended to the Resting Period in High Risk Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

This study aimed at investigating the long-term outcomes of oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX) administered concurrently with preoperative radiation and extended to the resting period in patients with high-risk locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). From January 2010 to December 2013, 45 patients were recruited. Study treatment consisted two cycles of XELOX regimen concomitant with preoperative radiation and then followed by an additional cycle of XELOX regimen between completion of neoadjuvant radiotherapy and surgery.

RBFOX3 Regulates the Chemosensitivity of Cancer Cells to 5-Fluorouracil via the PI3K/AKT, EMT and Cytochrome-C/Caspase Pathways.

Background/aims: RBFOX3, an RNA-binding fox protein, plays an important role in the differentiation of neuronal development, but its role in the chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to 5-FU is unknown.

Methods: In this study, we examined the biological functions of RBFOX3 and its effect on the chemosensitivity of HCC cells to 5-FU in vitro and in a mouse xenograft model.

Results: RBFOX3 was found to have elevated expression in HCC cell lines and tissue samples, and its knockdown inhibited HCC cell proliferation.

Single photon emission from plasma treated 2D hexagonal boron nitride.

Artificial atomic systems in solids are becoming increasingly important building blocks in quantum information processing and scalable quantum nanophotonic networks. Amongst numerous candidates, 2D hexagonal boron nitride has recently emerged as a promising platform hosting single photon emitters. Here, we report a number of robust plasma and thermal annealing methods for fabrication of emitters in tape-exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) crystals.

Research Techniques Made Simple: Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and its Applications in Dermatology.

RNA sequencing is one of the most highly reliable and reproducible methods of assessing the cell transcriptome. As high-throughput RNA sequencing libraries at the single cell level have recently developed, single cell RNA sequencing has become more feasible and popular in biology research. Single cell RNA sequencing allows investigators to evaluate cell transcriptional profiles at the single cell level.

Degradation Chemistry and Stabilization of Exfoliated Few-Layer Black Phosphorus in Water.

Exfoliated black phosphorus (BP), as a monolayer or few-layer material, has attracted tremendous attention owing to its unique physical properties for applications ranging from optoelectronics to photocatalytic hydrogen production. Approaching intrinsic properties has been, however, challenged by chemical reactions and structure degradation of BP under ambient conditions. Surface passivation by capping agents has been proposed to extend the processing time window, yet contamination or structure damage rise challenges for BP applications.

Surface Immobilization of Transition Metal Ions on Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Realizing High-Efficient and Selective CO Reduction.

Electrochemical conversion of CO to value-added chemicals using renewable electricity provides a promising way to mitigate both global warming and the energy crisis. Here, a facile ion-adsorption strategy is reported to construct highly active graphene-based catalysts for CO reduction to CO. The isolated transition metal cyclam-like moieties formed upon ion adsorption are found to contribute to the observed improvements.

Characterizing the molecular mechanisms of acquired temozolomide resistance in the U251 glioblastoma cell line by protein microarray.

Acquired chemoresistance refers to tumor cells gradually losing their sensitivity to anticancer drugs during the course of treatment, resulting in tumor progression or recurrence. This phenomenon, which has deleterious outcomes for the patient, has long been observed in patients with glioblastoma receiving temozolomide (TMZ)-based radiochemotherapy. Currently, the mechanisms for acquired TMZ chemoresistance are not fully understood.

CaP: A New Two-Dimensional Functional Material with Desirable Band Gap and Ultrahigh Carrier Mobility.

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors with direct and modest band gap and ultrahigh carrier mobility are highly desired functional materials for nanoelectronic applications. Herein, we predict that monolayer CaP is a new 2D functional material that possesses not only a direct band gap of 1.15 eV (based on HSE06 computation) but also a very high electron mobility up to 19 930 cm V s, comparable to that of monolayer phosphorene.

LED light design method for high contrast and uniform illumination imaging in machine vision.

In machine vision, illumination is very critical to determine the complexity of the inspection algorithms. Proper lights can obtain clear and sharp images with the highest contrast and low noise between the interested object and the background, which is conducive to the target being located, measured, or inspected. Contrary to the empirically based trial-and-error convention to select the off-the-shelf LED light in machine vision, an optimization algorithm for LED light design is proposed in this paper.

Magnetic and electronic properties of single-walled MoC nanotube: a first-principles study.

The structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of single-walled MoC nanotubes are investigated by using first-principles calculations. We establish that single-walled MoC nanotubes can be rolled up from a graphene-like MoC monolayer with H- or T-type phase, i.e.

Characteristics of multiple Fano resonances in waveguide-coupled surface plasmon resonance sensors based on waveguide theory.

We observe and analyze multiple Fano resonances and the plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) arising from waveguidecoupled surface plasmon resonance in a metal-dielectric Kretschmann configuration. It is shown that the simulation results for designed structures agree well with those of the dispersion relation of waveguide theory. We demonstrate that the coupling between the surface plasmon polariton mode and multi-order planar waveguide modes leads to multiple Fano resonances and PIT.

MAD2L2 inhibits colorectal cancer growth by promoting NCOA3 ubiquitination and degradation.

Nuclear receptor coactivator 3 (NCOA3) is a transcriptional coactivator that has elevated expression in multiple tumor types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the tumorigenic functions of NCOA3 in CRC remain largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to discover and identify the novel regulatory proteins of NCOA3 and explore their mechanisms of action.