Laminin-dystroglycan mediated ferroptosis in hemorrhagic shock and reperfusion induced-cognitive impairment through AMPK/Nrf2.

Hemorrhagic shock and reperfusion (HSR) is the main cause of death following trauma. Cognitive impairment may persist after successful resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock, but the mechanisms remain elusive. This study demonstrated the presence of ferroptosis in an in vitro model of oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) in HT22 neurons, and also in a murine model of HSR using 3-month-old C57BL/6 mice.

GPS Phase Integer Ambiguity Resolution Based on Eliminating Coordinate Parameters and Ant Colony Algorithm.

Correctly fixing the integer ambiguity of GNSS is the key to realizing the application of GNSS high-precision positioning. When solving the float solution of ambiguity based on the double-difference model epoch by epoch, the common method for resolving the integer ambiguity needs to solve the coordinate parameter information, due to the influence of limited GNSS phase data observations. This type of method will lead to an increase in the ill-posedness of the double-difference solution equation, so that the fixed success rate of the integer ambiguity is not high.

Study on the Vibration Isolation Mechanism of Loofah Sponge.

The loofah sponge has a complex, three-dimensional, porous mesh fiber structure characterized by markedly low density and excellent vibration isolation properties. In this study, loofah sponges made from dried were divided into two components: the core unit and the shell unit, which were further subdivided into five regions. Static compression performance tests and vibration isolation analysis were conducted on the loofah sponge and its individual parts.

Synergistic anti-oxidative/anti-inflammatory treatment for acute lung injury with selenium based chlorogenic acid nanoparticles through modulating Mapk8ip1/MAPK and Itga2b/PI3k-AKT axis.

Oxidative stress and inflammatory dysregulation play crucial roles in pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI), and their cyclic synergy drives excessive inflammatory responses and further exacerbates ALI. Therefore, new effective strategies to treat ALI are urgently needed. Herein, a novel synergistic selenium based chlorogenic acid nanoparticle was developed to disrupt the cyclic synergistic effect between oxidative stress and inflammatory response in ALI.

MAIT cells modulating the oral lichen planus immune microenvironment: a cellular crosstalk perspective.

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, a type of T lymphocytes with innate-like characteristics, are crucial in bridging innate and adaptive immunity. When activated, MAIT cells release various inflammatory molecules and swiftly respond to antigens. Notably, numerous studies highlight the significant impact of MAIT cells on tumors and various immune disorders by influencing the immune microenvironment.

Safety and effectiveness of dual trigger (GnRH agonist + HCG) versus HCG alone in patients with high ovarian response.

Objective: To compare the safety and effectiveness between long-term GnRH agonist plus HCG (dual trigger) and HCG trigger alone in high ovarian responders.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on clinical data from 314 cases of high ovarian response who underwent in-vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) treatment at Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital from July 2018 to January 2023. Participants were divided into two groups based on their triggering regimen: the Combined treatment group (GnRH agonist + HCG) and the HCG group (HCG alone).

Multiple pesticide exposure and impaired glucose regulation in U.S. non-diabetic population.

Prediabetes is a serious metabolic disorder that is often overlooked and 70% of individuals with prediabetes would eventually develop type 2 diabetes. The diabetogenic effects of pesticides have been reported in toxicological studies but their association with prediabetes is rarely investigated. We aimed to evaluate the association between pesticide exposure and impaired glucose regulation (IGR), including prediabetes (defined as impaired fasting glucose [IFG] and/or impaired glucose tolerance [IGT]) and insulin resistance, in a general U.

Integrated Analysis of Gut Microbiome, Inflammation, and Neuroimaging Features Supports the Role of Microbiome-Gut-Brain Crosstalk in Schizophrenia.

Background And Hypothesis: Gut microbiota has been implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia (SZ) and relevant changes in the brain, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. This study aims to investigate the microbiota-gut-brain crosstalk centered on peripheral inflammation in SZ patients.

Study Design: We recruited a cohort of 182 SZ patients and 120 healthy controls (HC).

PTPN23-dependent ESCRT machinery functions as a cell death checkpoint.

Cell death plasticity is crucial for modulating tissue homeostasis and immune responses, but our understanding of the molecular components that regulate cell death pathways to determine cell fate remains limited. Here, a CRISPR screen of acute myeloid leukemia cells identifies protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 23 (PTPN23) as essential for survival. Loss of PTPN23 activates nuclear factor-kappa B, apoptotic, necroptotic, and pyroptotic pathways by causing the accumulation of death receptors and toll-like receptors (TLRs) in endosomes.

Protective effects of puerarin combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on nerve injury in rats with ischemic stroke.

Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) transplantation shows promise for treating ischemic stroke, but the ischemic environment that follows cerebral infarction hinders the survival of transplanted cells. We aimed to study the effects of puerarin (Pue) in combination with BM-MSCs on cerebral ischemic injury.

Methods: After middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models were prepared by suture-occluded method, rats were randomly allocated to the sham, MCAO, Pue (50 mg/kg), BM-MSCs (2×106), and BM-MSCs+Pue groups.

10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by activating AMPK-α signaling pathway.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) originates from metabolic dysfunctions, is one of the most commonly encountered liver disorders worldwide, characterized by ectopic lipid deposition within hepatocytes, accompanied by hepatocellular injury and necroinflammation. Currently, NAFLD has very few treatment options. Purified from royal jelly, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) is the primary bioactive ingredient with a series of beneficial effects against various metabolic diseases.

Scalable Neuroanatomical and Behavioral Phenotyping of Radio Frequency Radiation on Young Zebrafish.

In our wireless-centric world, evaluating the health effects of radio frequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) is crucial. An existing research gap pertains to the replication of real-world specific absorption rates (SAR) for RF-EMR, especially within aquatic environments. We aimed to bridge this gap using an innovative TEM cell platform to replicate realistic SAR conditions in water and assess RF-EMR's impact on neuroanatomical and behavioral changes.

Copper Exposure Destroys the Integrity of the Blood-Testis Barrier (BTB) Through p38 MAPK-Meditated Autophagy Pathways.

Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for living organisms. However, excessive exposure to Cu is harmful to male fertility. But the precise mechanisms are still unknown.

Non-invasive prenatal detection of dominant single-gene disorders in fetal structural abnormalities: a clinical feasibility study.

Objective: This study evaluated the accuracy of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT-SGDs) for dominant monogenic genetic diseases associated with fetal structural abnormalities and to assess the feasibility of clinical application.

Methods: Pregnant women requiring prenatal diagnosis due to fetal structural abnormalities were enrolled. Maternal peripheral blood was analyzed for cell-free DNA (cfDNA) using coordinative allele-aware target enrichment sequencing (COATE-seq).

Structural characteristics of plankton community in Dongting Lake and its relationship with water environmental factors.

The plankton community structure and environmental factors in Dongting Lake were investigated during four seasons from September 2020 to August 2021. The results revealed 147 species from 58 genera and 7 phyla of phytoplankton and 84 species from 56 genera and 4 phyla of zooplankton in Dongting Lake. The characteristics of plankton communities varied with time and space.

Evaluation of genotype characteristics and drug resistance mutations in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B is one of the public health priorities worldwide, especially in the Southwest China. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between genotypes and drug resistance mutations among HBV patients in Southwest China, with the objective of providing guidance for clinical antiviral treatment. A total of 4266 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients treated in the Qianjiang Hospital of Chongqing University were included in our study from 2014 to 2020.

Affinity molecular assay for detecting Candida albicans using chitin affinity and RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a.

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) pose a significant threat to immunocompromised individuals, leading to considerable morbidity and mortality. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment. Here we develop a rapid molecular diagnostic method that involves three steps: fungal enrichment using affinity-magnetic separation (AMS), genomic DNA extraction with silicon hydroxyl magnetic beads, and detection through a one-pot system.

Optimizing lung cancer surgery in the elderly: sublobar resection versus lobectomy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients aged 80 and above.

The optimal surgical approach for elderly patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a topic of debate. A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent pulmonary resection for early-stage NSCLC at our single institution between January 2018 and December 2022. Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline characteristics between the sublobar resection and lobectomy groups.

Supplementation with NS8 alleviated behavioral, neural, endocrine, and microbiota abnormalities in an endogenous rat model of depression.

Introduction: Major depressive disorder is a condition involving microbiota-gut-brain axis dysfunction. Increasing research aims to improve depression through gut microbiota regulation, including interventions such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplants. However, most research focuses on exogenous depression induced by chronic stress or drugs, with less attention given to endogenous depression.

A rapid and reliable targeted LC-MS/MS method for quantitative analysis of the Tryptophan-NAD metabolic network disturbances in tissues and blood of sleep deprivation mice.

Background: TRY-NAD metabolic network includes TRY (tryptophan), 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine), KYN (kynurenine), and NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) pathway, which plays a significant role in neurological diseases and ageing. It is important to monitor these metabolites for studying the pathological anatomy of disease and treatment of responses evaluation. Although previous studies have reported quantitative methods for several metabolites in the network, the bottlenecks of simultaneously quantifying the whole metabolic network are their similar structures, diverse physico-chemical properties, and instability.