Management of and Revitalization Strategy for Megacities Under Major Public Health Emergencies: A Case Study of Wuhan.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in late 2019 has meant an uphill battle for city management. However, due to deficiencies in facilities and management experience, many megacities are less resilient when faced with such major public health events. Therefore, we chose Wuhan for a case study to examine five essential modules of urban management relevant to addressing the pandemic: (1) the medical and health system, (2) lifeline engineering and infrastructure, (3) community and urban management, (4) urban ecology and (5) economic development.

Service Quality Improvement of Outpatient Blood Collection by Lean Management.

Objective: To explore the application effect of lean management in improving the quality of outpatient blood collection services.

Methods: For this study, a total of 146,907 patients whose blood was sampled by outpatient services between April 2020 and September 2020 were selected. We analyzed the influence of various factors on the waiting time and satisfaction levels of the patients for blood collection and eliminated confounders based on the results of the analysis.

Cross-talk between the gut microbiota and monocyte-like macrophages mediates an inflammatory response to promote colitis-associated tumourigenesis.

Objective: Macrophages are among the most abundant cells in the colon tumour microenvironment, and there is a close relationship among monocytes, macrophages and the gut microbiota. Alterations in the gut microbiota are involved in tumour development, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We aim to elucidate the temporal changes in macrophage subsets and functions, and how these dynamics are regulated by microbial cues in the initiation of colitis-associated cancer.

Aspirin inhibits colon cancer cell line migration through regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition via Wnt signaling.

The mechanism responsible for the initiation of tumor metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is not well understood. During EMT, epithelial cells lose their polarity and adhesion to surrounding cells and migrate, resulting in transition into mesenchymal cells. Canonical Wnt signaling has been implicated in controlling gene transcription and body axis pattern formation during development.

Towards a Fuzzy Bayesian Network Based Approach for Safety Risk Analysis of Tunnel-Induced Pipeline Damage.

Tunneling excavation is bound to produce significant disturbances to surrounding environments, and the tunnel-induced damage to adjacent underground buried pipelines is of considerable importance for geotechnical practice. A fuzzy Bayesian networks (FBNs) based approach for safety risk analysis is developed in this article with detailed step-by-step procedures, consisting of risk mechanism analysis, the FBN model establishment, fuzzification, FBN-based inference, defuzzification, and decision making. In accordance with the failure mechanism analysis, a tunnel-induced pipeline damage model is proposed to reveal the cause-effect relationships between the pipeline damage and its influential variables.

expanded human circulating Vδ1 γδT cells exhibit favorable therapeutic potential for colon cancer.

Gamma delta T (γδT) cells are innate-like lymphocytes with strong, MHC-unrestricted cytotoxicity against cancer cells and show a promising prospect in adoptive cellular immunotherapy for various malignancies. However, the clinical outcome of commonly used Vγ9Vδ2 γδT (Vδ2 T) cells in adoptive immunotherapy for most solid tumors is limited. Here, we demonstrate that freshly isolated Vδ1 γδT (Vδ1 T) cells from human peripheral blood (PB) exhibit more potent cytotoxicity against adherent and sphere-forming human colon cancer cells than Vδ2 T cells .

Prospective safety performance evaluation on construction sites.

This paper presents a systematic Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based approach for Prospective Safety Performance Evaluation (PSPE) on construction sites, with causal relationships and interactions between enablers and the goals of PSPE taken into account. According to a sample of 450 valid questionnaire surveys from 30 Chinese construction enterprises, a SEM model with 26 items included for PSPE in the context of Chinese construction industry is established and then verified through the goodness-of-fit test. Three typical types of construction enterprises, namely the state-owned enterprise, private enterprise and Sino-foreign joint venture, are selected as samples to measure the level of safety performance given the enterprise scale, ownership and business strategy are different.

Serum profiling by mass spectrometry combined with bioinformatics for the biomarkers discovery in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

The aim of this study was to identify potential serum biomarkers of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and to detect DLBCL therapy response biomarkers. DLBCL serum proteomic analysis was performed using the CM10 ProteinChip mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) approach combined with bioinformatics. A total of 178 samples were analyzed in this study from untreated early stage DLBCL patients (38), patients with inflammatory lymphadenopathy (13), healthy donors (35), post-treatment non-relapsed DLBCL patients (53), and relapsed DLBCL patients (39).

Thymosin alpha1 enhanced cytotoxicity of iNKT cells against colon cancer via upregulating CD1d expression.

Increasing evidence showed invariant NKT cells (iNKT cell) are an attractive candidate for cancer immunotherapy, but its role in colorectal cancer treatment was still unclear. Here we reported iNKT cells exerted moderate cytotoxic effect against colorectal cancer cells (CRC cells) with the stimulation of α-Galcer, and the mutual recognition between CRC and iNKT cells could be greatly enhanced by Thymosinα1 (TA), which resulted in stronger killing efficiency both in vitro and in vivo. TA is widely used as an immune adjuvant for cancer therapy, but how it works on cancer cells still remains unclear.

γδT17 cells promote the accumulation and expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in human colorectal cancer.

Development of cancer has been linked to chronic inflammation, particularly via interleukin-23 (IL-23) and IL-17 signaling pathways. However, the cellular source of IL-17 and underlying mechanisms by which IL-17-producing cells promote human colorectal cancer (CRC) remain poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate that innate γδT (γδT17) cells are the major cellular source of IL-17 in human CRC.

miRNA-27b targets vascular endothelial growth factor C to inhibit tumor progression and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers globally and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths due to therapy resistance and metastasis. Understanding the mechanism underlying colorectal carcinogenesis is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC. microRNAs (miRNAs) can act as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors in many cancers.

Cancer stem cell theory: therapeutic implications for nanomedicine.

Evidence continues to accumulate showing that tumors contain a minority population of cells responsible for tumor initiation, growth, and recurrence. These are termed "cancer stem cells" (CSCs). Functional assays have identified the self-renewal and tumor-initiation capabilities of CSCs.

Novel SN38 conjugate-forming nanoparticles as anticancer prodrug: in vitro and in vivo studies.

The clinical utility of CPT-11 is restricted by factors such as the low conversion rate to SN38, high interpatient variability and dose-limiting toxicity. SN38 is significantly more potent than CPT-11, but parental administration of SN38 is impossible due to its poor solubility and low stability. This study aimed to develop a novel SN38 prodrug (OEG-SN38) that may overcome the various drawbacks of CPT-11 and SN38 and be useful for clinics.

Oxaliplatin-incorporated micelles eliminate both cancer stem-like and bulk cell populations in colorectal cancer.

Purpose: The failure of cancer treatments is partly due to the enrichment of cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) that are resistant to conventional chemotherapy. A novel micelle formulation of oxaliplatin (OXA) encapsulated in chitosan vesicle was developed. The authors postulate that micelle encapsulation of OXA would eliminate both CSLCs and bulk cancer cells in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Lycopene enhances antioxidant enzyme activities and immunity function in N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-enduced gastric cancer rats.

To investigate anticancer effect of lycopene, we examined the effects of lycopene on the oxidative injury and immunity activities of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced gastric cancer rats. The animals were divided into five groups. Group I served as the normal control and was given corn oil orally for 20 weeks.

[Value of imprint in bone marrow morphological examination].

Objective: To explore the role of bone marrow (BM) imprint in the diagnosis of hematological diseases.

Methods: Between January 2002 and June 2008, a total of 3024 cases with BM smears, imprints and sections conducted simultaneously were recruited. There were 1667 males and 1357 females with a median age of 55 years old (range: 7 to 92).

The role of peripheral blood, bone marrow aspirate and especially bone marrow trephine biopsy in distinguishing atypical chronic myeloid leukemia from chronic granulocytic leukemia and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.

Objectives: To better realize the features of peripheral blood (PB), bone marrow (BM) aspirate and especially BM trephine biopsy in atypical chronic myeloid leukemia (aCML).

Methods: We studied PB, BM smears in 35 cases of aCML and compared with 84 cases of chronic granulocytic leukemia chronic phase (CGL-CP), 39 cases of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). In addition, we evaluated characteristics of BM trephine biopsies in 21 cases of aCML and compared with 68 cases of CGL-CP, 20 cases of CMML.

Evaluation of plasma urokinase-type plasminogen activator and urokinase-type plasminogen-activator receptor in patients with acute and chronic hepatitis B.

Introduction: Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) are known to be important factors in the pathogenesis of tumors and certain non-viral inflammatory diseases. However, their role in infectious virus diseases such as hepatitis B has been less well studied. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the abnormalities of fibrinolysis and degradation of extracellular matrix mediated by uPA and uPAR are directly related to the inflammatory damage to liver cells caused by the hepatitis B virus.

Novel distribution pattern of fibrinolytic components in rabbit tissues extract: a preliminary study.

Objective: The purpose of this work was to investigate the distribution pattern of fibrinolytic factors and their inhibitors in rabbit tissues.

Methods: The components of the fibrinolytic system in extracts from a variety of rabbit tissues, including tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), plasminogen (Plg), plasmin (Pl) and alpha(2) plasmin inhibitor (alpha(2)PI), were determined by colorimetric assay.

Results: The tissue extracts in renal, small intestine, lung, brain and spleen demonstrated strong fibrinolytic function, in which high activity of tPA, Plg and Pl was manifested; whereas in skeletal muscle, tongue and stomach, higher activity of PAI-1 and alpha(2)PI showed obviously.

[Preoperative molecular staging of colorectal cancers by CM10 ProteinChip and SELDI-TOF-MS analysis].

Objective: To detect the serum proteomic patterns by using SELDI-TOF-MS and CM10 ProteinChip techniques in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and to evaluate the significance of the proteomic patterns in colorectal cancer staging.

Methods: A total of 76 serum samples were obtained from CRC patients at different clinical stages, including Dukes A (n = 10), Dukes B (n = 19), Dukes C (n = 16) and Dukes D (n = 31). Different stage models were developed and validated by bioinformatics methods of support vector machines, discriminant analysis and time-sequence analysis.

Preoperatively molecular staging with CM10 ProteinChip and SELDI-TOF-MS for colorectal cancer patients.

Objectives: To detect the serum proteomic patterns by using SELDI-TOF-MS (surface enhanced laser desorption/ ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry) technology and CM10 ProteinChip in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and to evaluate the significance of the proteomic patterns in the tumour staging of colorectal cancer.

Methods: SELDI-TOF-MS and CM10 ProteinChip were used to detect the serum proteomic patterns of 76 patients with colorectal cancer, among them, 10 Stage I, 19 Stage II, 16 Stage III and 31 Stage IV samples. Different stage models were developed and validated by support vector machines, discriminant analysis and time-sequence analysis.

[Determination of trace arsenic in sulfur by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with La(NO3)3-Ni(NO3)2 matrix modifier].

In this paper, the decomposition method of sulfur and the determination of trace arsenic in sulfur by GFAAS with La(NO3)3-Ni(NO3)2 matrix modifier were studied in detail. The decomposition of sulfur with mixed acid HNO3-HClO4 by controlled temperature electrothermal method or pressure crucible method was efficient and safe. The sensitivity of the determination of arsenic with La(NO3)3-Ni(NO3)2 matrix modifier was higher than with Ni(NO3)2 or Mg(NO3)2 matrix modifiers.