Pseudomembranous necrotizing laryngotracheobronchitis due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae: a case report and literature review.

Background: Pseudomembranous necrotizing laryngotracheobronchitis refers to an acute diffuse necrotizing inflammation in the mucosa of the larynx, trachea, and bronchus. It often occurs in infants and children having viral infections secondary to bacterial infections. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M.

Primary intratracheal neurilemmoma in a 10-year-old girl: A case report.

Background: Tracheal tumors are relatively rare in adults and uncommon in children. Tracheal neurilemmoma is a rare condition in adults that usually affects middle-aged people, but it can also occur in children. Because the clinical presentation is nonspecific and insidious, diagnosis is often delayed.

Unusual Bronchial Foreign Bodies with Localized Bronchiectasis in Five Children.

Obstructive foreign bodies are uncommon causes of bronchiectasis in children, the causal relationship between foreign body aspiration and bronchiectasis remains unclear. We conducted a review of children who were diagnosed with bronchiectasis due to foreign body retention in a university hospital between 2014 and 2019. Five patents were studied (four boys, one girl; age range: 15 months to 13 years old).

Neuroprotective effects of tenuigenin on neurobehavior, oxidative stress, and tau hyperphosphorylation induced by intracerebroventricular streptozotocin in rats.

Background: Tenuigenin (TEN), a major active component of the Chinese herb Polygala tenuifolia root, has been used to improve memory and cognitive function in Traditional Chinese Medicine for centuries.

Purpose: The present study was designed to explore the possible neuroprotective effect of TEN on the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD).

Methods: STZ was injected twice intracerebroventrically (3 mg/kg, ICV) on alternate days (day 1 and day 3) in Rats.

Low birth weight contributed to increased serum IL-6 levels in infantile respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Background: To evaluate the role of serum cytokines in the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in infants with low birth weight (LBW).

Methods: A prospective observational study was performed, and hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) were recruited. Three hundred fifty-eight patients < 1 year met the inclusion criteria: 116 patients had only RSV infection (RSV group); 242 patients had no RSV or other specific pathogen (non-RSV group).

[Relationship between expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and NADPH oxidase in lungs of mice exposed to chronic hypoxia].

Objective: To explore the relationship between the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and NADPH oxidase (NOX) in the lungs of mice treated by chronic hypoxic exposure.

Methods: Thirty male wild-type (WT) C57Bl/6 mice and thirty male eNOS-knockout (KO) C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normoxic groups (exposed to normoxia for 7 days or 21 days), hypoxic groups (exposed to 10% oxygen for 7 days or 21 days), and treatment groups (exposed to 10% oxygen and orally administrated 10 mmol/L 4-hydroxy TEMPO in drinking water for 7 days or 21 days) (n=6 in each group). The remodeling of the small pulmonary arteries was evaluated by the percentage of media wall thickness (MT%).

Diagnosis Analysis of 4 TCM Patterns in Suboptimal Health Status: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach.

Background. We illustrated an example of structure equation modelling (SEM) in the research on SHS to explore the diagnosis of the Sub optimal health status (SHS) and provide evidence for the standardization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) patterns in SHS. And the diagnosis of 4 TCM patterns in SHS was evaluated in this analysis.

Epigenetic regulation of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn rat.

Objective: Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a major clinical problem. Nitric oxide produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PPHN. The eNOS expression in endothelial cells is controlled by epigenetic regulation.

Fetal pulmonary vascular remodeling in a rat model induced by hypoxia and indomethacin.

Objective: This study sought to determine the effect of combined treatment of hypoxia plus indomethacin on pulmonary vascular remodeling in fetal rats.

Methods: Hypoxia and indomethacin were used to treat pregnant rats during 19-21 days of gestation. The adventitia, media, and intima of pulmonary arteries from fetal rats were assessed.

[Effect of inhaled nitric oxide on surfactant protein A and mannose binding ability in the lung of neonatal rats with hyperoxia-induced lung injury].

Objective: To investigate the effect of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) on surfactant protein A (SP-A) and mannose binding ability (MBA) in neonatal rats with hyperoxia-induced lung injury.

Methods: Sixty-four neonatal rats were randomly exposed to room air (Control group), >95% oxygen for 6 days (Hyperoxia group), 10 ppm NO for 24 hrs (NO group), and >95% oxygen for 6 days along with 10 ppm NO for 24 hrs (Hyperoxia + NO group). After 2 and 6 days of exposure, the lung pathologic changes, gene and protein expressions of SP-A and MBA were measured.